本文選題：科技　切入點(diǎn)：基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施　出處：《中國(guó)鐵道科學(xué)研究院》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施是進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究、科技實(shí)驗(yàn)等活動(dòng)的物質(zhì)和信息保障,是科技總量、實(shí)力及科技水平與潛力的綜合體現(xiàn),在經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的作用越來(lái)越顯著。就鐵路而言,在鐵路大規(guī)模建設(shè)的同時(shí),鐵路的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新逐漸由原隸屬鐵道部的鐵路單位向路外單位拓展,無(wú)論是重大科研項(xiàng)目,還是人才隊(duì)伍、實(shí)驗(yàn)室等科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施都得到了科技的引入與外延,隨之對(duì)鐵路科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行有效評(píng)價(jià),具有十分重要的戰(zhàn)略作用和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文詮釋了科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的內(nèi)涵,全面分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)研究的現(xiàn)狀及不足,借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)于國(guó)際間、區(qū)域間、城市間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)的主要方法,將國(guó)內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者關(guān)于區(qū)域競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力理論、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論以及相關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論與科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)相結(jié)合,探索性地對(duì)國(guó)外科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力構(gòu)建了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,其評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)論與國(guó)際著名研究機(jī)構(gòu)IMD評(píng)價(jià)的結(jié)果基本一致,表明評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的符合性。 針對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)家科技基礎(chǔ)條件平臺(tái)運(yùn)行績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程中評(píng)價(jià)方法、評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的難以操作性以及基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)資源調(diào)查的難以獲得性,開(kāi)創(chuàng)性地提出了我國(guó)國(guó)家科技基礎(chǔ)條件平臺(tái)的新的評(píng)價(jià)方法和評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系;特別是對(duì)即將建成使用的鐵路行業(yè)15個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)構(gòu)建了有實(shí)用性的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。 本文將競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力理論方法與構(gòu)建的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系相結(jié)合,拓展了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力理論的外延,并用之于國(guó)際間科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)、國(guó)家科技基礎(chǔ)條件平臺(tái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)和鐵路行業(yè)15個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)證研究,從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)層面都取得了實(shí)證研究的預(yù)期效果。 通過(guò)科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)研究,揭示了一個(gè)永恒的主題,科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)是科技創(chuàng)新的必要前提。因此,建議:政府決策部門(mén)要進(jìn)一步關(guān)注和重視科技資源整合,從政策措施、制度保障以及經(jīng)濟(jì)手段等多個(gè)方面加大力度,不斷優(yōu)化和改進(jìn)我國(guó)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的層次結(jié)構(gòu),切實(shí)按照國(guó)家“十二五”科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃,依據(jù)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展需求、科技發(fā)展的內(nèi)在規(guī)律,繼續(xù)完善現(xiàn)有各類科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)布局,推動(dòng)國(guó)家重大創(chuàng)新基地建設(shè),積聚并形成產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟,有效培養(yǎng)科技高端人才和領(lǐng)軍人才;并適時(shí)建立科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),完善評(píng)價(jià)的信息管理和決策支持系統(tǒng),為國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐。
[Abstract]:Science and technology infrastructure is the material and information guarantee for carrying out scientific research, scientific and technological experiments and other activities. It is a comprehensive embodiment of the total amount of science and technology, its strength and its level and potential, and it plays an increasingly important role in economic competition. As far as railways are concerned, With the large-scale construction of the railway, the technological innovation of the railway has gradually expanded from the railway units under the Ministry of Railways to the units outside the road, whether it is a major scientific research project or a team of qualified personnel. With the introduction and extension of science and technology, the scientific and technological infrastructure such as the laboratory has been effectively evaluated for the competitiveness of railway scientific and technological infrastructure, which has a very important strategic role and practical significance. This paper interprets the connotation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure, comprehensively analyzes the present situation and shortcomings of the evaluation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure at home and abroad, and draws lessons from the main methods of international, regional and inter-city competitiveness evaluation at home and abroad. Combining domestic and foreign experts and scholars on regional competitiveness theory, competition theory and related economic theory with the evaluation of scientific and technological infrastructure competitiveness, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the competitiveness of foreign scientific and technological infrastructure. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the results of IMD evaluation of international famous research institutions, indicating the conformity of the evaluation index system. In view of the evaluation methods in the process of performance evaluation of the national science and technology basic condition platform in our country, the evaluation index system is difficult to operate and the basic data resource investigation is difficult to obtain. In this paper, a new evaluation method and evaluation index system of China's national scientific and technological basic condition platform are put forward, especially a practical evaluation index system is constructed for 15 state-level research and experimental platforms of railway industry that will soon be built and used. This paper combines the competitiveness theory method with the evaluation index system, expands the extension of competitiveness theory, and applies it to the evaluation of international scientific and technological infrastructure competitiveness. The empirical research on the competitiveness evaluation of national scientific and technological infrastructure platform and 15 national research experimental platforms of railway industry has obtained the expected results of empirical research from both macro and micro levels. Through the evaluation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure, this paper reveals an eternal theme. The construction of scientific and technological infrastructure is a necessary prerequisite for scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, it is suggested that government policy-making departments should pay more attention to and attach importance to the integration of scientific and technological resources. From the policy measures, the system guarantee and the economic means and so on, strengthens the strength, unceasingly optimizes and improves our country's technological innovation hierarchical structure, earnestly according to the national 12th Five-Year Plan science and technology development plan, In accordance with the needs of national economic and social development and the inherent laws of scientific and technological development, we should continue to improve the layout of existing scientific and technological infrastructure, promote the construction of major national innovation bases, and accumulate and form strategic alliances for industrial technological innovation. It is necessary to train scientific and technological high-end talents and leaders effectively, and to establish the database of evaluation indexes for the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure in good time, to perfect the information management and decision support system of evaluation, and to provide data support for the national innovation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)鐵道科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：O213;G322

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