本文選題：科技　切入點：基礎設施　出處：《中國鐵道科學研究院》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：科技基礎設施是進行科學研究、科技實驗等活動的物質(zhì)和信息保障,是科技總量、實力及科技水平與潛力的綜合體現(xiàn),在經(jīng)濟競爭中的作用越來越顯著。就鐵路而言,在鐵路大規(guī)模建設的同時,鐵路的技術創(chuàng)新逐漸由原隸屬鐵道部的鐵路單位向路外單位拓展,無論是重大科研項目,還是人才隊伍、實驗室等科技基礎設施都得到了科技的引入與外延,隨之對鐵路科技基礎設施競爭力進行有效評價,具有十分重要的戰(zhàn)略作用和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文詮釋了科技基礎設施競爭力的內(nèi)涵,全面分析了國內(nèi)外對科技基礎設施競爭力評價研究的現(xiàn)狀及不足,借鑒國內(nèi)外對于國際間、區(qū)域間、城市間競爭力評價的主要方法,將國內(nèi)外專家學者關于區(qū)域競爭力理論、競爭理論以及相關經(jīng)濟學理論與科技基礎設施競爭力評價相結合,探索性地對國外科技基礎設施競爭力構建了評價指標體系,其評價結論與國際著名研究機構IMD評價的結果基本一致,表明評價指標體系的符合性。 針對我國國家科技基礎條件平臺運行績效評價過程中評價方法、評價指標體系的難以操作性以及基礎數(shù)據(jù)資源調(diào)查的難以獲得性,開創(chuàng)性地提出了我國國家科技基礎條件平臺的新的評價方法和評價指標體系;特別是對即將建成使用的鐵路行業(yè)15個國家級研究實驗平臺構建了有實用性的評價指標體系。 本文將競爭力理論方法與構建的評價指標體系相結合,拓展了競爭力理論的外延,并用之于國際間科技基礎設施競爭力評價、國家科技基礎條件平臺競爭力評價和鐵路行業(yè)15個國家級研究實驗平臺競爭力評價的實證研究,從宏觀和微觀兩個層面都取得了實證研究的預期效果。 通過科技基礎設施競爭力評價研究,揭示了一個永恒的主題,科技基礎設施的建設是科技創(chuàng)新的必要前提。因此,建議:政府決策部門要進一步關注和重視科技資源整合,從政策措施、制度保障以及經(jīng)濟手段等多個方面加大力度,不斷優(yōu)化和改進我國技術創(chuàng)新的層次結構,切實按照國家“十二五”科學和技術發(fā)展規(guī)劃,依據(jù)國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展需求、科技發(fā)展的內(nèi)在規(guī)律,繼續(xù)完善現(xiàn)有各類科技基礎設施建設布局,推動國家重大創(chuàng)新基地建設,積聚并形成產(chǎn)業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟,有效培養(yǎng)科技高端人才和領軍人才;并適時建立科技基礎設施競爭力評價指標數(shù)據(jù)庫,完善評價的信息管理和決策支持系統(tǒng),為國家創(chuàng)新體系提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐。
[Abstract]:Science and technology infrastructure is the material and information guarantee for carrying out scientific research, scientific and technological experiments and other activities. It is a comprehensive embodiment of the total amount of science and technology, its strength and its level and potential, and it plays an increasingly important role in economic competition. As far as railways are concerned, With the large-scale construction of the railway, the technological innovation of the railway has gradually expanded from the railway units under the Ministry of Railways to the units outside the road, whether it is a major scientific research project or a team of qualified personnel. With the introduction and extension of science and technology, the scientific and technological infrastructure such as the laboratory has been effectively evaluated for the competitiveness of railway scientific and technological infrastructure, which has a very important strategic role and practical significance. This paper interprets the connotation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure, comprehensively analyzes the present situation and shortcomings of the evaluation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure at home and abroad, and draws lessons from the main methods of international, regional and inter-city competitiveness evaluation at home and abroad. Combining domestic and foreign experts and scholars on regional competitiveness theory, competition theory and related economic theory with the evaluation of scientific and technological infrastructure competitiveness, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the competitiveness of foreign scientific and technological infrastructure. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the results of IMD evaluation of international famous research institutions, indicating the conformity of the evaluation index system. In view of the evaluation methods in the process of performance evaluation of the national science and technology basic condition platform in our country, the evaluation index system is difficult to operate and the basic data resource investigation is difficult to obtain. In this paper, a new evaluation method and evaluation index system of China's national scientific and technological basic condition platform are put forward, especially a practical evaluation index system is constructed for 15 state-level research and experimental platforms of railway industry that will soon be built and used. This paper combines the competitiveness theory method with the evaluation index system, expands the extension of competitiveness theory, and applies it to the evaluation of international scientific and technological infrastructure competitiveness. The empirical research on the competitiveness evaluation of national scientific and technological infrastructure platform and 15 national research experimental platforms of railway industry has obtained the expected results of empirical research from both macro and micro levels. Through the evaluation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure, this paper reveals an eternal theme. The construction of scientific and technological infrastructure is a necessary prerequisite for scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, it is suggested that government policy-making departments should pay more attention to and attach importance to the integration of scientific and technological resources. From the policy measures, the system guarantee and the economic means and so on, strengthens the strength, unceasingly optimizes and improves our country's technological innovation hierarchical structure, earnestly according to the national 12th Five-Year Plan science and technology development plan, In accordance with the needs of national economic and social development and the inherent laws of scientific and technological development, we should continue to improve the layout of existing scientific and technological infrastructure, promote the construction of major national innovation bases, and accumulate and form strategic alliances for industrial technological innovation. It is necessary to train scientific and technological high-end talents and leaders effectively, and to establish the database of evaluation indexes for the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure in good time, to perfect the information management and decision support system of evaluation, and to provide data support for the national innovation system.
【學位授予單位】：中國鐵道科學研究院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：O213;G322

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本文編號：1573079