本文關(guān)鍵詞：論科學(xué)越軌行為的防治　出處：《湖北大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 科學(xué) 越軌 原因 防治措施

【摘要】：近幾年來,科學(xué)越軌已成為學(xué)術(shù)界的一個(gè)熱門話題,其影響范圍已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了科學(xué)界而擴(kuò)展到了整個(gè)社會(huì)領(lǐng)域,引起廣泛的社會(huì)反響。科學(xué)的純潔性被質(zhì)疑,這不僅關(guān)乎到科學(xué)本身的公眾形象而且關(guān)系到社會(huì)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步。鑒于此,本研究從科學(xué)越軌行為產(chǎn)生的內(nèi)外因入手,并因此提出相應(yīng)的建設(shè)性的建議,為科學(xué)界的純凈盡微薄之力。 關(guān)于科學(xué)越軌,國外作了很多研究,較早的有代表性的是默頓的規(guī)范理論,該理論被認(rèn)為是關(guān)于科學(xué)家及其集體活動(dòng)模式最著名的研究。影響較大的著作如美國W·布德、N·韋德合著的《背叛真理的人們》,該書以大量作偽背景、材料為基礎(chǔ),分析了越軌行為取得成功的社會(huì)原因和心理因素。其他還有庫恩的《科學(xué)革命的結(jié)構(gòu)》、利特·朱克曼的《科學(xué)界的精英》、加斯頓的《科學(xué)社會(huì)秩序》等等,這些著作分別從不同方面論述了越軌產(chǎn)生的原因及其社會(huì)控制,為后來者的研究打下了基礎(chǔ)。 在我國,科學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究起步較晚,一直到1986年全國首屆科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)召開后才開始進(jìn)行獨(dú)立的科學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)研究。對于科學(xué)活動(dòng)中越軌行為的研究,僅僅局限于論文上,而且多以介紹性為主。但隨著大科學(xué)(BigScience)時(shí)代的到來,科學(xué)本身越來越被認(rèn)為是某些社會(huì)問題或者是許多社會(huì)問題的根源。因此,科學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究需要進(jìn)一步地創(chuàng)新與發(fā)展,才能與之相適應(yīng)。 本文從社會(huì)學(xué)的角度運(yùn)用案例研究法、文獻(xiàn)法和數(shù)字法等方法,對“科學(xué)活動(dòng)中的越軌行為”進(jìn)行了一些研究。這些研究內(nèi)容包括：科學(xué)越軌行為的認(rèn)識、界定、表現(xiàn)、越軌行為產(chǎn)生的內(nèi)外原因以及越軌行為的防治措施。 本文取得的主要研究成果有：找到了越軌行為產(chǎn)生的主要原因；從多角度論述了越軌行為的防治措施。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處： 1、從內(nèi)因和外因兩個(gè)方面研究分析了越軌行為產(chǎn)生的原因； 2、在越軌行為防治措施中,結(jié)合科學(xué)技術(shù)本身,充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng),為待評對象建立聊天室,實(shí)行網(wǎng)上匿名討論,充分發(fā)揮網(wǎng)絡(luò)的監(jiān)督作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, scientific deviance has become a hot topic in academic circles, and its influence has been far beyond the scientific community and expanded to the whole social field, causing widespread social repercussions. The purity of science has been questioned. This is not only related to the public image of science itself but also to the development and progress of society. In view of this, this study starts with the internal and external causes of scientific deviant behavior, and therefore puts forward corresponding constructive suggestions. To contribute to the purity of the scientific community. There have been many studies on scientific deviance abroad, and the earlier representative is Merton's normative theory. The theory is thought to be one of the most famous studies of scientists and their collective patterns of activity. The most influential works, such as the people who betray the Truth, are co-authored by Wed and NWade in the United States, with a large number of false backgrounds. Based on the material, we analyzed the social and psychological factors that led to the success of deviant behavior, as well as Kuhn's the structure of the Scientific Revolution, and Litt Zuckerman's the Scientific Elite. Gaston's Science and Social order and so on, these works respectively discuss the causes of deviance from different aspects and social control, which lays a foundation for the study of latecomers. In China, the research of sociology of science started late. It was not until 1986 that the first national symposium on science began to conduct independent research on sociology of science. The study of deviant behavior in scientific activities was limited to papers. But with the advent of the Big Science era, science itself is increasingly considered to be the source of some social problems or many social problems. The research of sociology of science needs further innovation and development in order to adapt to it. From the angle of sociology, this paper makes some research on "deviant behavior in scientific activities" by using the methods of case study, literature method and digital method. These research contents include: the understanding of scientific deviant behavior. Define, express, cause and control the deviant behavior. The main research results of this paper are as follows: to find out the main causes of deviant behavior, and to discuss the prevention and cure measures of deviant behavior from many angles. The innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. The causes of deviant behavior are analyzed from internal and external causes. 2. In the prevention and cure measures of deviant behavior, combining with science and technology itself, we should make full use of the Internet, set up chat room for the object to be evaluated, carry out anonymous discussion on the net, and give full play to the supervision function of the network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：G301

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