【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情是伴隨著新媒體發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)的新的輿論形式,反映著公眾多元化的利益訴求,政府對網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情的回應(yīng)直接對社會穩(wěn)定產(chǎn)生影響。兩微一端平臺的完善為公眾網(wǎng)絡(luò)參與帶來了便利,加之公眾網(wǎng)絡(luò)參與意識不斷增強,導致近些年來許多事件一經(jīng)爆料在短時間內(nèi)便形成強大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情。但政府在回應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情方面仍存在很多不足,基于此,本文在回應(yīng)型政府理論和治理理論的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對2014-2016年間48個典型案例的分析,運用案例分析法對我國政府在回應(yīng)過程中存在的問題及原因進行總結(jié),并提出改進措施。政府回應(yīng)是借助媒體平臺,及時敏感地在復(fù)雜的輿情信息中把握民意,對公眾關(guān)心的問題以及提出的質(zhì)疑及時進行回復(fù)和響應(yīng)的過程。政府回應(yīng)反映的是政府對問題的傾向性態(tài)度,是政府責任意識的體現(xiàn)。有效的回應(yīng)能夠拉近政府與公眾之間的距離,樹立政府公信力。然而,海量輿情信息的甄別、輿情回應(yīng)的時效性要求、民意表達對地方法規(guī)的挑戰(zhàn)以及新型網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪等都對政府回應(yīng)提出了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。目前,我國政府在回應(yīng)過程中主要存在網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情預(yù)警機制不健全、回應(yīng)缺乏針對性、權(quán)威信息發(fā)布滯后以及回應(yīng)缺少積極性的問題。究其原因,是由于政府對網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意不夠重視、對網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意存在認知偏差、回應(yīng)主體能力不足以及回應(yīng)工作缺乏系統(tǒng)管理所導致。基于此,政府應(yīng)從多方面入手提高回應(yīng)能力。具體而言,需要建立完善的信息收集系統(tǒng),加強政府對網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情預(yù)警和信息收集能力,做好輿情“把關(guān)人”;建立完善的信息公開機制,注意信息回應(yīng)的真實性、及時性,遏制謠言滋生,同時應(yīng)把握好回應(yīng)尺度,正確引導輿論,加強與媒體的合作,完善互動平臺;加強對政府回應(yīng)工作的監(jiān)督管理,完善網(wǎng)絡(luò)治理相關(guān)法律法規(guī),加強監(jiān)督、問責,在政府回應(yīng)的相關(guān)工作中引入績效評估。通過建立完善的監(jiān)督管理體系,促進政府回應(yīng)能力增強。
[Abstract]:Network public opinion is a new form of public opinion with the development of new media, which reflects the interests of the public. The government's response to network public opinion has a direct impact on social stability. The improvement of two microplatforms has brought convenience to public network participation, and the public network participation consciousness has been strengthened, which has led to the formation of strong network public opinion in recent years when many incidents have been revealed in a short period of time. However, the government still has many shortcomings in responding to network public opinion. Based on this, this paper analyzes 48 typical cases from 2014-2016 on the basis of responsive government theory and governance theory. In this paper, the author summarizes the problems and causes of our government's response by case analysis, and puts forward some improvement measures. Government response is the process of timely and sensitively grasping public opinion in complex public opinion information and responding to the questions and questions raised by the public by means of the media platform. The government response reflects the government's attitude towards the problem and the sense of government responsibility. An effective response can narrow the gap between the government and the public and build government credibility. However, the screening of mass public opinion information, the requirement of timeliness of public opinion response, the challenge of public opinion expression to local laws and regulations, and the new type of cybercrime have brought great challenges to the government response. At present, there are some problems in the process of government response, such as the imperfection of network public opinion warning mechanism, the lack of pertinence in response, the lag of authoritative information release and the lack of enthusiasm in response. The reason is that the government does not pay enough attention to the network public opinion, the cognitive deviation of the network public opinion, the lack of the ability of the main body of response and the lack of systematic management of the response work. Based on this, the government should improve the ability of response from many aspects. In particular, it is necessary to establish a sound information collection system, strengthen the government's ability to warn and collect information about public opinion on the Internet, and do a good job of "gatekeepers" for public opinion, and establish a sound information disclosure mechanism to pay attention to the authenticity and timeliness of the information response. At the same time, we should grasp the yardstick of response, guide public opinion correctly, strengthen cooperation with the media, perfect the interactive platform, strengthen the supervision and management of government response work, perfect the laws and regulations related to network governance, and strengthen supervision and accountability. To introduce performance evaluation into the relevant work of government response. Through the establishment of a sound supervision and management system, promote the ability of government response.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D63

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