【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變的必由之路，是實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)市場(chǎng)化、規(guī)�；�、集約化發(fā)展的重要舉措。然而，當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的發(fā)展還存在諸多制約因素，如農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用脫節(jié)，農(nóng)村金融體系發(fā)展滯后，農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的資金還存在較大的缺口等等，這些問題都制約著我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期農(nóng)業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，阻礙了我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的健康持續(xù)發(fā)展，其中農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展所需要的資金特別是農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化農(nóng)戶融資困難，是我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展速度緩慢的主要原因。并且，我國(guó)農(nóng)村金融體系發(fā)展不能滿足農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實(shí)需要，政府財(cái)政投入不足，農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展滯后，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制欠缺等問題都可以對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的停滯不前作出合理的解釋。 國(guó)家對(duì)“三農(nóng)”問題的關(guān)注由來已久，專家學(xué)者對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化以及農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化融資問題已經(jīng)做出了大量的理論研究和現(xiàn)實(shí)考察，本文從農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化中農(nóng)戶融資困境出發(fā)，探究了造成農(nóng)戶融資難的深層次原因，這些原因包括政府投入不足、正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)功能和定位缺失、農(nóng)戶融資的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境和法律制度還不完善、農(nóng)戶信貸缺乏必要的擔(dān)保和抵押質(zhì)押等�；谶@些原因，本文認(rèn)為破解農(nóng)戶融資難需要構(gòu)建農(nóng)戶信貸擔(dān)保的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)和補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，該機(jī)制需要政策性、商業(yè)性、農(nóng)戶互助合作性質(zhì)的擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)、保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的共同參與才能完成。同時(shí)，在現(xiàn)有農(nóng)村金融體系下，從改變農(nóng)戶自身信用狀況入手，構(gòu)建了農(nóng)戶融資的具體模式，包括“農(nóng)戶+金融機(jī)構(gòu)+保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)”融資模式、“農(nóng)戶+金融機(jī)構(gòu)+保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)+龍頭企業(yè)”融資模式、“農(nóng)戶+龍頭企業(yè)+金融機(jī)構(gòu)+擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)”的融資模式和“三權(quán)”抵押融資模式等，前三種模式都是通過農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化過程中農(nóng)戶和其他經(jīng)濟(jì)主體形成“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共擔(dān)、利益共享”的利益聯(lián)結(jié)機(jī)制，通過守約的激勵(lì)和違約的懲罰機(jī)制，共享信息，共擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，約束農(nóng)戶的行為，，解決農(nóng)戶融資難題�！叭龣�(quán)”抵押融資模式主要從增加農(nóng)戶的融資抵押物著手，通過農(nóng)戶土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)、宅基地使用權(quán)和林權(quán)的抵押，增強(qiáng)農(nóng)戶信用，從而使農(nóng)戶獲得信貸支持。最后從宏觀方面對(duì)解決農(nóng)戶融資困境提出了政策性建議。
[Abstract]:Agricultural industrialization is the only way to change from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. It is an important measure to realize the marketization, scale and intensive development of Chinese agriculture. However, there are still many restrictive factors in the development of agricultural industrialization in China, such as the disconnection between the development and application of agricultural science and technology, the lagged development of the rural financial system, the large gap in the funds for the development of agricultural industrialization, and so on. These problems have restricted the further development of agriculture in the transitional period of our country and hindered the healthy and sustainable development of agricultural industrialization in our country. Among them, the funds needed for the development of agricultural industrialization, especially the financing difficulties of agricultural industrialization farmers, are difficult. It is the main reason for the slow development of agricultural industrialization in China. Moreover, the development of rural financial system in China can not meet the actual needs of the development of agricultural industrialization, the government financial investment is insufficient, and the development of agricultural insurance lags behind. The lack of compensation mechanism for agricultural production risk sharing can explain the stagnation of agricultural industrialization in China. The country has long paid attention to the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Experts and scholars have made a great deal of theoretical research and practical investigation on agricultural industrialization and the financing of agricultural industrialization. This paper starts from the financing dilemma of farmers in agricultural industrialization. This paper explores the deep-seated reasons for the difficulty of farmers' financing, including insufficient government investment, lack of function and orientation of formal financial institutions, imperfect market environment and legal system of farmers' financing. The farmer credit lacks the necessary guarantee and the mortgage pledge and so on. Based on these reasons, this paper thinks that to solve the difficulty of farmers' financing, we need to construct the risk sharing and compensation mechanism of farmers' credit guarantee, which needs the guarantee institutions of the nature of policy, commercial and farmer mutual cooperation. The joint participation of insurance institutions can only be accomplished. At the same time, under the existing rural financial system, starting from changing the credit situation of farmers themselves, the paper constructs the specific mode of farmers' financing, including the financing mode of "peasant household financial institution insurance institution". The financing mode of "peasant household financial institution, insurance institution leading enterprise", "peasant household leading enterprise financial institution guarantee institution" and "three rights" mortgage financing mode, etc. The first three models are formed by farmers and other economic entities in the process of agricultural industrialization, "risk sharing, benefit sharing" mechanism, through compliance incentives and punishment mechanisms for breach of contract, sharing information, sharing risks, Restrain farmer's behavior, solve farmer's financing difficult problem. The mode of "three rights" mortgage financing mainly starts from increasing the financing collateral of the farmers, and strengthens the farmers' credit through the right of land contract management, the right to use the homestead and the mortgage of the forest right, so that the farmers can obtain the credit support. Finally, from the macro aspect to solve the financing dilemma of farmers put forward policy recommendations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4

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本文編號(hào)：2422210