【摘要】：2006年12月，銀監(jiān)會放寬了農(nóng)村地區(qū)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的準入政策，允許產(chǎn)業(yè)資本和民間資本到農(nóng)村地區(qū)新設銀行，首批選擇四川、內(nèi)蒙等六省(區(qū))進行試點，從村鎮(zhèn)銀行等新型農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)開始起步。作為新型農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)的一部分，村鎮(zhèn)銀行是以政策支農(nóng)為目的，但其法人機構(gòu)的性質(zhì)又決定其必須進行商業(yè)化運作。村鎮(zhèn)銀行不能只追求經(jīng)營目標，作為農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)，其設立能否解決農(nóng)村金融的融資難題不僅關系到村鎮(zhèn)銀行能否健康持續(xù)發(fā)展，更是新一輪農(nóng)村金融改革成敗的關鍵所在。所以，本文在績效分析時避開了一般的經(jīng)營績效評價，對村鎮(zhèn)銀行的支農(nóng)績效進行評價，并對村鎮(zhèn)銀行支農(nóng)績效的影響因素進行了分析。 本文采用農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)支農(nóng)績效評價體系對村鎮(zhèn)銀行的支農(nóng)績效進行分析，評價指標設計主要從村鎮(zhèn)銀行支農(nóng)的力度、支農(nóng)的效率和支農(nóng)的覆蓋面三個角度進行。村鎮(zhèn)銀行作為農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)的新成員，已有的研究已經(jīng)表明村鎮(zhèn)銀行設立對農(nóng)村金融市場的意義，但同樣是承擔支農(nóng)政策功能，村鎮(zhèn)銀行是否比傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)在支農(nóng)業(yè)務開展、支農(nóng)金融產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新等方面進行了較好的改善。為解決此問題，文章采用比較分析的方法，將信用社等農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)的支農(nóng)績效與村鎮(zhèn)銀行進行對比，通過支農(nóng)績效分析結(jié)果得出村鎮(zhèn)銀行與原有金融機構(gòu)的關系以及其支農(nóng)業(yè)務開展過程中的問題和不足。文章采用全國30個省市地區(qū)最早設立的109個村鎮(zhèn)銀行的數(shù)據(jù)，采用多元回歸分析的方法，對村鎮(zhèn)銀行支農(nóng)績效的影響因素進行實證分析。結(jié)果表明，村鎮(zhèn)銀行的設立地點選擇，經(jīng)營時間的長短等因素都會影響村鎮(zhèn)銀行的支農(nóng)績效。另外，由于村鎮(zhèn)銀行的資產(chǎn)規(guī)模有限，難以同時兼顧目前其支持農(nóng)戶和中小企業(yè)的市場定位，因此，村鎮(zhèn)銀行應繼續(xù)堅持支農(nóng)、支小、支散的原則，加大對農(nóng)戶信貸需求的支持力度。最后本文采用實地調(diào)研和訪談的形式，采用案例分析的方法，對影響村鎮(zhèn)銀行支農(nóng)績效的因素進行全面研究。影響因素不僅包括村鎮(zhèn)銀行自身設立發(fā)展、村鎮(zhèn)銀行業(yè)務開展、創(chuàng)新等，還包括了農(nóng)戶認知度，金融組織間同業(yè)協(xié)作程度等制度因素。 本文通過實證分析與案例分析，結(jié)果表明：盡管村鎮(zhèn)銀行支農(nóng)力度較小，，但其支農(nóng)效率較高，支農(nóng)覆蓋面廣，需要對村鎮(zhèn)銀行進行差別定位，加大村鎮(zhèn)銀行的資產(chǎn)規(guī)模，同時對影響村鎮(zhèn)銀行的支農(nóng)績效的制度因素提出了相關政策建議，以期更好的實現(xiàn)村鎮(zhèn)銀行的政策效益。
[Abstract]:In December 2006, the CBRC relaxed access policies for banking financial institutions in rural areas, allowing industrial and private capital to set up new banks in rural areas, and selected six provinces (autonomous regions), including Sichuan and Inner Mongolia, for pilot projects. From the village bank and other new rural financial institutions began to start. As a part of the new rural financial institutions, the village bank aims at supporting agriculture by policy, but the nature of its legal body determines that it must be commercialized. As a rural financial institution, whether it can solve the financing problem of rural finance is not only related to the healthy and sustainable development of rural banks, but also the key to the success or failure of the new round of rural financial reform. Therefore, this paper avoids the general performance evaluation in the performance analysis, evaluates the rural bank's agricultural performance, and analyzes the influencing factors of the rural bank's agricultural performance. In this paper, the performance evaluation system of rural financial institutions supporting agriculture is used to analyze the performance of rural banks. The evaluation index is designed from three angles: the strength of supporting agriculture, the efficiency of supporting agriculture and the coverage of supporting agriculture. As a new member of the rural financial institutions, the village bank has shown the significance of the establishment of the village bank to the rural financial market, but it also undertakes the function of supporting agriculture policy. Compared with the traditional rural financial institutions, the village banks have improved the agricultural support business and the innovation of agricultural financial products. In order to solve this problem, the paper compares the agricultural support performance of rural financial institutions such as credit cooperatives with that of village banks by means of comparative analysis. The relationship between the village bank and the original financial institutions and the problems and shortcomings in the process of carrying out the agricultural support business are obtained through the analysis of the performance of supporting agriculture. Based on the data of 109 village banks in 30 provinces and cities in China, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of the rural banks' agricultural performance by using the method of multiple regression analysis. The results show that the selection of setting up location and the length of operation time will affect the performance of village bank in supporting agriculture. In addition, because the assets of village banks are limited, it is difficult to take into account the current market position of supporting farmers and small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, village and town banks should continue to adhere to the principle of supporting agriculture, small support, and dispersal. Increase support for farmers' credit demand. Finally, this paper uses the form of field investigation and interview, using the method of case analysis, to study the factors that affect the performance of rural banks in support of agriculture. The influencing factors include not only the establishment and development of village banks, the development and innovation of village banks, but also the system factors such as farmers' recognition, the degree of inter-bank cooperation among financial organizations, and so on. Through the empirical analysis and case analysis, the results show that: although the rural banks support agriculture less, but its agricultural support efficiency is higher, agricultural coverage is wide, it is necessary to differentiate the location of rural banks, and increase the scale of the assets of rural banks. At the same time, it puts forward relevant policy suggestions on the institutional factors that affect the rural bank's performance in support of agriculture, in order to better realize the policy benefit of the village bank.
【學位授予單位】：山西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.35;F224

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