【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化進(jìn)程加快,想實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)與環(huán)境的和諧發(fā)展必須走可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路,這必須通過多種手段進(jìn)行支持,其中重要的一個環(huán)節(jié)就是銀行的“綠色信貸”業(yè)務(wù)。從九五計劃開始中央就提出將“走可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略”作為基本國策來執(zhí)行,現(xiàn)如今十三五規(guī)劃更是將“堅持綠色富國、綠色惠民,推動形成綠色發(fā)展方式”的發(fā)展理念從頂層設(shè)計落實(shí)下來。但目前的“雙高”粗放型工業(yè)企業(yè)大量存在,使得我國在節(jié)能減排上面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn),而在環(huán)保事業(yè)方面又存在著資金缺口巨大的問題,想達(dá)到發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)環(huán)境的和諧共存依然任重道遠(yuǎn)。銀行作為金融行業(yè)主體和資金來源的主控方,擁有著資金和信息優(yōu)勢,并且掌控著利益?zhèn)鲗?dǎo)機(jī)制,政府正可以利用其杠桿效應(yīng)來引導(dǎo)市場朝一個更持續(xù)的方向發(fā)展。在推進(jìn)銀行業(yè)開展綠色信貸中,政府的職能是要擔(dān)當(dāng)起嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管角色。而作為下屬的相關(guān)部門,如環(huán)保局、人民銀行、銀監(jiān)會等也要聯(lián)合起來形成政策合力,同時展開應(yīng)對措施和監(jiān)管職能,并積極引導(dǎo)企業(yè)環(huán)保的社會責(zé)任意識。政府不僅要對支持和改善環(huán)保的企業(yè)和項目在政策上進(jìn)行傾斜,還要幫助污染企業(yè)治污。首先,綠色信貸政策,是以銀行通過對公共政策、風(fēng)險管理、社會責(zé)任及赤道原則的綜合分析而形成的一套適用于當(dāng)下經(jīng)濟(jì)走可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的新型產(chǎn)物。從堅持走可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略被納入基本國策開始,環(huán)境污染的惡化將對我們今后的生活帶來不可估量的嚴(yán)重后果,綠色信貸政策越發(fā)顯示出它的優(yōu)勢。其次,分析了世界主要幾家銀行的政策和以赤道原則為首的一系列相關(guān)指南,提取國外銀行綠色信貸政策的優(yōu)秀經(jīng)驗(yàn),并以市場與政府關(guān)系的視角,站在政府的立場探析如何和諧的管理與發(fā)展社會與環(huán)境問題。文章從法律、地方保護(hù)主義、政府激勵和信息溝通機(jī)制四個方面來分析我國銀行自開展綠色信貸政策以來所存在的問題,再從觀念因素、制度缺失、利益因素和政府權(quán)限因素來分析出現(xiàn)問題的原因。通過借鑒最具典型的西方發(fā)達(dá)國家和日本等國家的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),然后總結(jié)這些國家在綠色信貸政策方面為何能夠取得良好的效果。最后,因地制宜,結(jié)合我國的國情和湖北目前的省情進(jìn)行更為具體的分析,即湖北省正處于由工業(yè)大省向工業(yè)強(qiáng)省跨越的關(guān)鍵階段,正致力于加速實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型,力圖通過完成減排目標(biāo)來提升其城市化、工業(yè)化品質(zhì)。因此,綠色信貸的貫徹執(zhí)行對湖北的工業(yè)化過渡以及長期可持續(xù)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of economic globalization, to realize the harmonious development of economy and environment, we must take the path of sustainable development, which must be supported by various means, one of which is the "green credit" business of banks. Since the beginning of the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the Central Committee has proposed to implement the "sustainable development strategy" as a basic national policy. Now, the 13th Five-Year Plan will "adhere to green rich countries and green benefits to the people." Promote the formation of green development mode "development concept from the top design implementation." However, there are a large number of "double high" extensive industrial enterprises, which make our country face huge challenges in energy saving and emission reduction, and there is a huge funding gap in environmental protection. There is still a long way to go to achieve harmonious coexistence between economic development and environmental protection. As the main body of financial industry and the main control of capital sources, banks have the advantages of capital and information, and control the mechanism of interest transmission. The government can use its leverage effect to guide the market to a more sustainable direction. In promoting green credit in the banking sector, the role of the government is to play a strict regulatory role. As a subordinate relevant departments, such as the Environmental Protection Bureau, the people's Bank of China, the Banking Regulatory Commission, and so on, they should unite to form a joint policy, at the same time, they should carry out countermeasures and regulatory functions, and actively guide the social responsibility consciousness of enterprises' environmental protection. The government should not only favor enterprises and projects that support and improve environmental protection, but also help polluters deal with pollution. Firstly, the green credit policy is a new product of the sustainable development strategy, which is formed by the comprehensive analysis of public policy, risk management, social responsibility and equatorial principle. Since the sustainable development strategy has been incorporated into the basic state policy, the deterioration of environmental pollution will bring incalculable serious consequences to our life in the future, and green credit policy has shown its advantages more and more. Secondly, this paper analyzes the policies of several major banks in the world and a series of related guidelines led by the Equator principle, extracts the excellent experience of the green credit policy of foreign banks, and from the perspective of the relationship between the market and the government. How to manage and develop social and environmental problems harmoniously from the standpoint of government. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the green credit policy of Chinese banks from the four aspects of law, local protectionism, government incentive and information communication mechanism, and then analyzes the problems existing in China's banks since the development of green credit policy, and then analyzes the lack of concept factors and institutions. Interest factors and government authority factors to analyze the causes of problems. By learning from the successful experiences of the most typical western developed countries and Japan, this paper sums up the reasons why the green credit policies of these countries can achieve good results. Finally, according to local conditions, combining the national conditions of our country and the current situation of Hubei Province to carry out more concrete analysis, that is, Hubei Province is in the critical stage of leaping from a major industrial province to a strong industrial province, and is working to accelerate the transition of the low-carbon economy. Try to achieve emission reduction targets to improve its urbanization, industrialization quality. Therefore, the implementation of green credit is of great importance to the industrialization transition and long-term sustainable development of Hubei.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F832.4

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