中國外商直接投資區(qū)位選擇的趨勢研究：1984-2009
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-18 21:05
【摘要】：改革開放以來，我國經(jīng)濟取得了舉世矚目的成就，吸收和利用了大量的外商直接投資（Foreign Direct Investment）。但是回顧我國吸引FDI的歷史，我們可以看到改革開放初期我國吸引較少的FDI，但在1992年提出“以市場換技術(shù)”的戰(zhàn)略后吸引的FDI急劇上升，在加入WTO后，F(xiàn)DI的流入又呈現(xiàn)新的現(xiàn)象。同時FDI在我國國內(nèi)區(qū)域分布也十分不均衡，呈現(xiàn)東高西低的局面；并且，在同一區(qū)域內(nèi)，不同時期吸引FDI的情況也各不相同。本文試圖從影響FDI區(qū)位選擇的影響因素出發(fā)，，找到影響因素對FDI區(qū)位選擇的影響關系及這種關系的變化趨勢，進而根據(jù)這種變化趨勢建議地方政府制定相關政策更好的改善區(qū)位因素，吸引更多的FDI。 本文運用理論和實證分析法，以城市為截面作為研究對象，探討了不同區(qū)位因素和FDI區(qū)位選擇之間的關系，以及這種關系的變化，通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：全國：人均地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值（pgdp）、優(yōu)惠政策（policy）、高校在校學生數(shù)（student）以及人均工資（wage）對FDI的影響呈現(xiàn)逐漸加大的趨勢；廢水處理達標率（wastewater）與FDI的區(qū)位選擇呈現(xiàn)負相關，且這種關系到第三階段才顯現(xiàn)出來；貨運量（cargo）對FDI區(qū)位選擇的影響呈現(xiàn)先增大后減小的趨勢，但是依然保持正向關系。而地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值增長率（gdpg）對FDI的區(qū)位選擇影響不顯著。東部地區(qū)：人均地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值、人均工資對FDI的影響呈現(xiàn)逐漸加大的趨勢，優(yōu)惠政策、高校在校學生數(shù)對FDI的區(qū)位選擇的影響呈現(xiàn)先增大后減小的趨勢，貨運量對FDI的影響從無到有再到無的過程。廢水處理達標率、地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值增長率對FDI的區(qū)位選擇影響不顯著。中部地區(qū)：優(yōu)惠政策、高校在校學生數(shù)和人均工資對FDI的區(qū)位選擇的正面影響程度在逐漸加大，人均地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值、貨運量從第二階段開始對FDI區(qū)位選擇有正向影響，且這種影響關系在加強。廢水處理達標率、地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值增長率對FDI的區(qū)位選擇影響不顯著。西部地區(qū)：所有因素在第一、二階段對FDI區(qū)位選擇基本上都沒有影響。第三階段只有貨運量、高校在校學生數(shù)對FDI的區(qū)位選擇的有正面影響，而廢水處理達標率對FDI的區(qū)位選擇有負面影響。其余因素對FDI區(qū)位選擇影響不顯著。 本文的研究結(jié)論，對各地方政府尤其是經(jīng)濟落后的中西部地方政府改善區(qū)位因素提高吸引FDI的能力，加快當?shù)亟?jīng)濟發(fā)展、縮小區(qū)域間差距有著重要的指導意義。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made remarkable achievements, absorbing and utilizing a large number of foreign direct investment (Foreign Direct Investment). However, looking back at the history of attracting FDI in China, we can see that at the beginning of reform and opening up, China attracted less FDI, but after the strategy of "market for technology" was put forward in 1992, the FDI attracted a sharp rise, and after joining WTO, The inflow of FDI presents a new phenomenon. At the same time, the regional distribution of FDI in our country is also very uneven, showing the situation of east high and west low, and in the same region, the situation of attracting FDI is different in different periods. This paper tries to find out the influence relationship of the influence factors on the location choice of FDI and the changing trend of this kind of relationship from the perspective of the influencing factors of the location choice of FDI. According to this trend, local governments should make relevant policies to improve location factors and attract more FDI.. In this paper, the relationship between different location factors and FDI location selection is discussed, and the change of this relationship is discussed by using the theory and empirical analysis, taking the city as the research object. Through the research, it is found that: the national (pgdp), preferential policy of per capita regional gross domestic product (policy), the number of (student) students in colleges and universities, and the influence of per capita wage (wage) on FDI are gradually increasing; There is a negative correlation between (wastewater) and FDI location selection in wastewater treatment, and this relationship only appears in the third stage, and the effect of (cargo) on FDI location selection increases first and then decreases, but it still maintains a positive relationship. However, the regional GDP growth rate (gdpg) has no significant effect on the location choice of FDI. Eastern region: the per capita gross domestic product, the per capita wage impact on FDI is gradually increasing, preferential policies, the number of college students on the FDI location choice shows a trend of first increase and then decrease, The influence of freight volume on FDI is from zero to no. The rate of wastewater treatment and the growth rate of regional gross domestic product have no significant influence on the location choice of FDI. Central China: preferential policies, the number of college students and the per capita wage are gradually increasing the degree of positive impact on the location choice of FDI. The per capita regional gross domestic product (GDP) and freight volume have a positive impact on the location choice of FDI from the second stage. And this kind of influence relation is strengthening. The rate of wastewater treatment and the growth rate of regional gross domestic product have no significant influence on the location choice of FDI. Western China: all factors have no effect on FDI location choice in the first and second stages. In the third stage, the quantity of freight is the only one. The number of college students has a positive effect on the location choice of FDI, while the rate of wastewater treatment has a negative effect on the location choice of FDI. Other factors have no significant effect on FDI location selection. The conclusion of this paper is of great significance for the local governments, especially the local governments in the central and western regions, to improve the location factors and enhance the ability to attract FDI, accelerate the development of the local economy, and narrow the gap between regions.
【學位授予單位】：南京財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.6;F224
本文編號：2341226
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made remarkable achievements, absorbing and utilizing a large number of foreign direct investment (Foreign Direct Investment). However, looking back at the history of attracting FDI in China, we can see that at the beginning of reform and opening up, China attracted less FDI, but after the strategy of "market for technology" was put forward in 1992, the FDI attracted a sharp rise, and after joining WTO, The inflow of FDI presents a new phenomenon. At the same time, the regional distribution of FDI in our country is also very uneven, showing the situation of east high and west low, and in the same region, the situation of attracting FDI is different in different periods. This paper tries to find out the influence relationship of the influence factors on the location choice of FDI and the changing trend of this kind of relationship from the perspective of the influencing factors of the location choice of FDI. According to this trend, local governments should make relevant policies to improve location factors and attract more FDI.. In this paper, the relationship between different location factors and FDI location selection is discussed, and the change of this relationship is discussed by using the theory and empirical analysis, taking the city as the research object. Through the research, it is found that: the national (pgdp), preferential policy of per capita regional gross domestic product (policy), the number of (student) students in colleges and universities, and the influence of per capita wage (wage) on FDI are gradually increasing; There is a negative correlation between (wastewater) and FDI location selection in wastewater treatment, and this relationship only appears in the third stage, and the effect of (cargo) on FDI location selection increases first and then decreases, but it still maintains a positive relationship. However, the regional GDP growth rate (gdpg) has no significant effect on the location choice of FDI. Eastern region: the per capita gross domestic product, the per capita wage impact on FDI is gradually increasing, preferential policies, the number of college students on the FDI location choice shows a trend of first increase and then decrease, The influence of freight volume on FDI is from zero to no. The rate of wastewater treatment and the growth rate of regional gross domestic product have no significant influence on the location choice of FDI. Central China: preferential policies, the number of college students and the per capita wage are gradually increasing the degree of positive impact on the location choice of FDI. The per capita regional gross domestic product (GDP) and freight volume have a positive impact on the location choice of FDI from the second stage. And this kind of influence relation is strengthening. The rate of wastewater treatment and the growth rate of regional gross domestic product have no significant influence on the location choice of FDI. Western China: all factors have no effect on FDI location choice in the first and second stages. In the third stage, the quantity of freight is the only one. The number of college students has a positive effect on the location choice of FDI, while the rate of wastewater treatment has a negative effect on the location choice of FDI. Other factors have no significant effect on FDI location selection. The conclusion of this paper is of great significance for the local governments, especially the local governments in the central and western regions, to improve the location factors and enhance the ability to attract FDI, accelerate the development of the local economy, and narrow the gap between regions.
【學位授予單位】：南京財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.6;F224
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