本文選題：集合覆蓋問題 + 物流節(jié)點�。� 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國鐵路、公路等交通線路建設(shè)高速發(fā)展,尤其是在高速鐵路建設(shè)上取得了非凡而矚目的成就。從《中長期鐵路網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃》[27]提出以來,我國的高速鐵路網(wǎng)正處于重要建設(shè)時期,預(yù)計在2030年建成“八橫八縱”高速鐵路網(wǎng)。為了保證鐵路建設(shè)項目高效率地實施,鐵路工程管理中需要重視與加強物料的供應(yīng)與保障工作。本文的研究目的是使用一種科學(xué)的方法來為鐵路建設(shè)工程中的物流節(jié)點及其供應(yīng)設(shè)施進(jìn)行選址,從而降低物流成本,提高建設(shè)施工效率。鐵路建設(shè)工程的物流節(jié)點需要向一個線狀主體(交通線路)全線提供物流服務(wù),其物流節(jié)點選址實際上是對為線狀服務(wù)對象提供服務(wù)的設(shè)施進(jìn)行選址。在大多數(shù)前人的研究中,設(shè)施選址模型通常將需求方看作離散的點,而在交通線路建設(shè)項目等情形下,需求沿交通線路分布,即需求在空間上呈線狀,這類情形下的選址問題較少研究。本文采用了一種區(qū)別于經(jīng)典設(shè)施選址模型的方法來刻畫這種線狀工程中的選址問題,建立滿足線狀需求下使設(shè)施個數(shù)最少的覆蓋選址模型。鐵路建設(shè)工程中,由供應(yīng)設(shè)施到物流節(jié)點,再到在建鐵路線,構(gòu)成了一個三級供應(yīng)鏈。本文還考慮了當(dāng)物流節(jié)點的上級供應(yīng)設(shè)施位置待確定的前提下,如何同時對物流節(jié)點和供應(yīng)設(shè)施進(jìn)行選址。論文研究了在滿足線狀需求前提下使物流節(jié)點個數(shù)和供應(yīng)設(shè)施個數(shù)最少的選址方法,構(gòu)建了基于集合覆蓋問題的物流節(jié)點兩級選址模型。論文使用啟發(fā)式算法,設(shè)計了基于Voronoi圖的刪除法和基于覆蓋圓的添加法兩種算法,設(shè)計兩種算法的計算步驟,并代入京沈高鐵項目的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計算和結(jié)果對比,分別比較了兩種算法的特點以及優(yōu)劣勢。同時還研究了覆蓋半徑取值不同時對選址結(jié)果的影響,即關(guān)于物流節(jié)點覆蓋半徑的敏感性分析。論文對京沈高速鐵路建設(shè)項目進(jìn)行實證分析,研究高速鐵路在修建過程中物流節(jié)點及其供應(yīng)設(shè)施的選址特點,根據(jù)鐵路在地圖上的位置,使用Mercator投影擬合出了平面上的鐵路曲線,然后根據(jù)鐵路隧道、橋梁等的修建情況,交通便利程度等因素,選擇適合的物流節(jié)點備選位置及其供應(yīng)設(shè)施的備選位置,考慮了在基于集合覆蓋問題的線狀需求兩級選址模型中,使用不同的算法進(jìn)行求解,得出了京沈高速鐵路在建設(shè)過程中的物流節(jié)點及其供應(yīng)設(shè)施的最優(yōu)選址方案,為京沈高速鐵路的物流節(jié)點及其供應(yīng)設(shè)施選址提供理論參考。并根據(jù)求解結(jié)果對比分析了兩種算法求解的優(yōu)劣勢。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the construction of railway, highway and other traffic lines in China has developed rapidly, especially in the construction of high-speed railway has made remarkable achievements. Since "medium and long term Railway Network Planning" [27] was put forward, China's high-speed railway network is in an important period of construction. It is expected to build "eight horizontal and eight vertical" high-speed railway network by 2030. In order to ensure the efficient implementation of railway construction projects, it is necessary to attach importance to and strengthen the supply and guarantee of materials in railway engineering management. The purpose of this paper is to use a scientific method to locate logistics nodes and their supply facilities in railway construction projects, thus reducing logistics costs and improving construction efficiency. The logistics node of railway construction project needs to provide logistics service to the whole line of a linear main body (traffic line). In fact, the location of logistics node of railway construction project is to locate the facilities that provide service for the linear service object. In most previous studies, the facility location model usually regards the demand side as a discrete point, but in the case of traffic line construction projects, demand is distributed along the traffic line, that is, the demand is linear in space. In this case, the location problem is less studied. In this paper, a new method, which is different from the classical facility location model, is used to describe the location problem in the linear engineering, and the overlay location model with the minimum number of facilities is established to satisfy the linear demand. In railway construction, supply facilities, logistics nodes, and railway lines under construction constitute a three-level supply chain. This paper also considers how to locate the logistics node and the supply facility at the same time when the location of the superior supply facility of the logistics node is to be determined. In this paper, we study the location method to minimize the number of logistics nodes and supply facilities under the premise of satisfying the linear demand, and construct a two-level location model of logistics nodes based on the set coverage problem. In this paper, two algorithms based on Voronoi diagram deletion and overlay circle are designed by using heuristic algorithm. The calculation steps of the two algorithms are designed, and the relevant data of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway project are calculated and compared. The characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the two algorithms are compared. At the same time, the influence of different values of coverage radius on site selection results is also studied, that is, the sensitivity analysis of coverage radius of logistics nodes. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the construction project of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway, studies the location characteristics of logistics node and its supply facilities in the construction process of high-speed railway, and according to the location of railway on the map, The plane railway curve is fitted with Mercator projection, and then according to the construction of railway tunnel, bridge and other factors, the suitable logistics node and the alternative location of the supply facilities are selected. In the two-level location model of linear demand based on set coverage problem, different algorithms are used to solve the problem, and the optimal location scheme of logistics node and its supply facilities in the construction process of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway is obtained. It provides a theoretical reference for the location of logistics node and supply facilities of Beijing-Shenyang high speed railway. The advantages and disadvantages of the two algorithms are compared and analyzed according to the results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U294

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