本文選題：物流需求 + 物流供給能力　； 參考：《西南交通大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,物流需求越來越復雜,形式上呈現(xiàn)出網(wǎng)絡化特征,表現(xiàn)為供應鏈網(wǎng)絡一體化中的物流整合,內(nèi)容上呈現(xiàn)出多樣化特性,表現(xiàn)為固定和隨機需求,靜態(tài)和動態(tài)需求。物流需求的復雜性對物流供給服務提出了新的挑戰(zhàn),為了在形式和內(nèi)容上滿足物流需求,應建立與之匹配的物流供給服務網(wǎng)絡,使其能及時響應、準確適應物流需求的變化。本文以物流需求與供給為研究視角,以超網(wǎng)絡理論、匹配度思想為主要研究依據(jù),結(jié)合物流的本質(zhì)特征,研究流線超網(wǎng)絡中需求網(wǎng)絡與供給網(wǎng)絡的特征與特性,構(gòu)建了多商品固定需求和多目標固定需求流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化模型、隨機供需流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化模型及多周期需求流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化模型。通過優(yōu)化不同需求特征下流線超網(wǎng)絡,解決了物流供給與物流需求的匹配問題,提升了物流服務效率和服務水平,滿足了日趨復雜的物流需求。首先,研究了流線超網(wǎng)絡理論。從物流需求及供給的角度出發(fā),分析了流線超網(wǎng)絡中需求網(wǎng)絡和供給網(wǎng)絡構(gòu)成要素,依據(jù)物流需求網(wǎng)絡特征和供給網(wǎng)絡的特性,研究了不同流線超網(wǎng)絡的類型。另外,介紹了經(jīng)典變分不等式及隨機變分不等式的定義,分析了變分不等式與其他問題直接的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系,研究了變分不等式的幾類投影算法,針對隨機變分不等式設計了改進隨機投影預測算法,并證明其全局收斂性。其次,研究了多商品固定需求流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化問題�；诠潭ㄐ枨�,分析了多商品流通的流線超網(wǎng)絡結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建了物流需求和供給的費用連續(xù)函數(shù),該函數(shù)反應了不同商品在不同物流階段的物流費用。然后,以多商品供需費用匹配最大化為目標建立了優(yōu)化模型,將模型轉(zhuǎn)換為變分不等式問題,并證明其等價性和解的存在唯一性。最后以煤炭流線超網(wǎng)絡為例,采用修正投影算法求解,揭示了物流基礎設施能力和商品之間的關(guān)系影響供需匹配程度。再次,研究了多目標固定需求流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化問題�；诠潭ㄐ枨�,考慮到物流服務中費用和時間同等重要性,構(gòu)建了物流費用和時間成本的連續(xù)函數(shù),建立了物流供需費用匹配最大和供需時間成本匹配最大的雙目標優(yōu)化模型,將模型轉(zhuǎn)換為相應的變分不等式,證明其等價性和解的存著唯一性,最后以城鄉(xiāng)物流流線超網(wǎng)絡為例,采用修止投影算法對模型進行求解,算例分析得到物流供給能力和時間等待及滯留是影響供需匹配的較大因素,同時由計算數(shù)據(jù)表明實行共同配送可以提高物流供需時間成本的匹配程度。進而,研究了隨機供需特征流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化問題�；诮K端客戶對商品隨機需求,構(gòu)建了物流隨機需求網(wǎng)絡并分析了其特征,基于物流基礎設施的供給能力不確定因素及物流活動會造成商品損失的影響,構(gòu)建了不確定物流供給網(wǎng)絡并分析了其特性。綜上研究,建立了隨機供需特征的流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化模型,進一步證明隨機優(yōu)化模型為凸優(yōu)化模型,將其轉(zhuǎn)換為等價的變分不等式問題,設計改進隨機投影預測算法,通過新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流線超網(wǎng)絡算例對模型進行驗證和分析,揭示了針對具體物流需求應提供特定的物流服務,才能避免商品在物流服務中帶來損失的結(jié)論。最后,研究了多周期需求流線超網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化問題�？紤]到多周期網(wǎng)絡中物流線路與物流鏈之間及物流鏈與物流序?qū)χg的復雜關(guān)系,分析了多周期需求網(wǎng)絡和多周期供給網(wǎng)絡的特征,建立了多周期物流供需廣義費用匹配最大化目標的優(yōu)化模型,以汽車銷售流線超網(wǎng)絡為例,求解出了每個周期的供需匹配程度,并根據(jù)每個周期的物流需求,給出了針對性的物流供給方案。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social economy, the logistics demand is more and more complex, the form of showing the characteristics of the network, is the integration of the supply chain logistics network integration, the content shows diverse characteristics, performance of fixed and random demand, the static and dynamic requirements. Put forward new challenges to the complexity of the logistics demand of logistics supply service in order to meet the demand of logistics, in form and content, should establish the logistics supply and service network and matching, which can accurately and timely response to adapt to the change of logistics demand. According to the logistics supply and demand perspective, with the theory of super network, mainly based on the matching degree of thought, combined with the essential characteristics of logistics. Research on flow characteristics and properties of super network of network and demand supply network, build a multi commodity demand and fixed fixed demand multi-objective optimization model of streamline super network, stochastic demand Streamline super network optimization model and multi period demand flow optimization model super network. By optimizing the different demand characteristics under the flow over the network, to solve the matching problem of logistics supply and demand of logistics, improve the logistics service efficiency and service level, to meet the increasingly complex needs of logistics. Firstly, study the theory of super network. Starting from the line logistics demand and supply point of view, analysis of the super network network and streamline demand supply network elements, according to the characteristics of logistics demand and supply network features of the network, study the different types of flow over the network. In addition, the definition of the classical variational inequalities and stochastic variational inequality, analyzes the conversion relationship. And other problems directly, to study several kinds of projection algorithms for variational inequalities, designed for improved random projection prediction algorithm for stochastic variational inequality, and prove The global convergence. Secondly, this paper studies the optimization problem of super multi commodity network. Based on the fixed fixed demand flow demand, analyses the network structure of multi commodity circulation streamline, construction cost continuous function of logistics demand and supply, the reaction function of different goods in different stages of logistics logistics cost. Then, how to the cost of commodity supply and demand maximization, optimization model is established as the goal, the model is converted into a variational inequality problem, existence and uniqueness and prove its equivalence reconciliation. Finally to streamline the coal super network as an example, using the modified projection algorithm, reveals the relationship between logistics infrastructure and commodity supply and demand matching degree again, on the fixed demand streamline super network multi-objective optimization problem. Based on the fixed demand, taking into account the logistics service cost and time of equal importance, constructs the logistics cost and A continuous function of time cost, set up cost of logistics supply and demand matching double objective optimization model for maximum demand and time cost, the model is converted into the corresponding variational inequality, proving the equivalence and uniqueness of existence, and finally to the urban and rural logistics streamline super network as an example, using the modified projection algorithm is used to solve model, example analysis logistics supply capacity and waiting time and retention is a greater impact factors, at the same time by supply and demand, the calculation data show that the joint distribution can improve the matching degree of logistics supply and demand time cost. Thus, research on the optimization problem of super network stochastic characteristics of supply and demand for goods. Streamline terminal customer demand based on stochastic, construct logistics random demand network and analyzes its characteristics, based on the supply capacity of the logistics infrastructure and logistics activities of uncertain factors will cause the loss of the goods. Ring, we construct uncertain logistics supply network and analyzes its characteristics. In conclusion, a stochastic optimization model of streamline the supply and demand characteristics of super network, further proved that the stochastic optimization model for convex optimization model, and convert it into an equivalent variational inequality problem, improved random projection prediction algorithm, through ultra fresh produce line network examples and analysis of the model, reveals the demand for specific logistics should provide specific logistics services, in order to avoid the loss of goods in the logistics service conclusion. Finally, this paper studies the optimization problem of super network, multi period demand. Considering the streamline logistics lines and logistics chain network and multi cycle logistics chain and logistics order on the complex relationship between the analysis of the characteristics of multi period and multi period supply demand network network, establish a multi cycle logistics supply and demand matching maximum generalized cost The target optimization model is based on the automobile sales streamline super network as an example to solve the matching degree of supply and demand in each cycle, and according to the logistics demand of each cycle, we give a targeted logistics supply plan.

【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F274

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