【摘要】：瀆職犯罪是國家機關(guān)工作人員在行使國家公共管理職權(quán)時,玩忽職守、濫用職權(quán)或徇私舞弊,妨害國家機關(guān)正常管理活動,致使公共財產(chǎn)、國家和人民的利益遭受重大損失的行為。隨著國家法治建設(shè)的推進和公民法治意識的健全,瀆職犯罪由于其社會危害性及與公民的普遍關(guān)聯(lián)性,越來越受到社會各界的關(guān)注。海關(guān)由于處在反走私反腐敗的最前沿,執(zhí)法環(huán)境錯綜復(fù)雜,利益沖突交匯集聚,本身瀆職犯罪風(fēng)險隱患較大,加之受98年廈門遠華案件的負(fù)面影響,一舉一動都吸引著各方關(guān)注的目光,在反瀆職犯罪方面經(jīng)受著內(nèi)外兩方面的艱巨考驗。因此,深入分析海關(guān)瀆職犯罪的特點、研究瀆職犯罪的規(guī)律、探討如何抑制瀆職犯罪的舉措,具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。當(dāng)前,對海關(guān)瀆職犯罪的研究多從法律或紀(jì)檢反腐的角度,較少從行為主體本身分析行為人之間以及行為人與社會之間的關(guān)系和動機。本文在借鑒西方尋租理論的基礎(chǔ)上,論證了瀆職犯罪行為與尋租行為的內(nèi)在邏輯聯(lián)系,以尋租理論為工具,分析了海關(guān)瀆職犯罪的尋租特點、瀆職行為的產(chǎn)生機制及發(fā)展趨勢,研究了反瀆職工作面臨的挑戰(zhàn),考察了國際社會對瀆職犯罪的治理經(jīng)驗,提出了抑制瀆職犯罪的對策舉措。本文認(rèn)為國家對國際貿(mào)易的管制和委托代理行為的失靈是瀆職犯罪的根本原因,治理海關(guān)瀆職犯罪的出路在于制度創(chuàng)新,總體思路是：優(yōu)化政府干預(yù)經(jīng)濟運行機制抑制租源；完善海關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)管理制度壓縮尋租空間；規(guī)范行政執(zhí)法權(quán)力增加尋租成本；強化對海關(guān)工作人員的反瀆職保護控制尋租動力。
[Abstract]:The crime of dereliction of duty is a crime of dereliction of duty, abuse of power or malpractice of favoritism, hindering the normal management activities of state organs and causing public property to be exercised by functionaries of state organs when exercising the functions and powers of state public administration. The act of inflicting heavy losses on the interests of the state and the people. With the development of national legal construction and the perfection of citizens' consciousness of ruling by law, the crime of dereliction of duty has been paid more and more attention by all walks of life because of its social harmfulness and its universal relevance to citizens. Because the customs is at the forefront of anti-smuggling and anti-corruption, the law enforcement environment is complex, conflicts of interest converge, the risk of dereliction of duty itself is greater, coupled with the negative impact of the 1998 Yuanhua case in Xiamen. Every move attracts the attention of all parties, in the crime of dereliction of duty to withstand both internal and external challenges. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the characteristics of dereliction of duty crime in customs, to study the law of dereliction of duty crime and to discuss how to restrain dereliction of duty crime. At present, the research on the crime of dereliction of duty in customs is mostly from the angle of law or discipline inspection and anti-corruption, and seldom analyzes the relationship and motivation between the actors and the society from the view of the subject itself. On the basis of drawing lessons from western rent-seeking theories, this paper demonstrates the inherent logical relationship between dereliction of duty and rent-seeking. With the theory of rent-seeking as a tool, this paper analyzes the rent-seeking characteristics of dereliction of duty in customs, the mechanism of malfeasance and the development trend of dereliction of duty. This paper studies the challenges faced by the anti-malfeasance work, investigates the experiences of the international community in the governance of dereliction of duty, and puts forward some countermeasures to curb dereliction of duty. The author thinks that the basic reason of malfeasance crime is the state's control of international trade and the failure of principal-agent behavior. The way to deal with the malfeasance crime of customs lies in the innovation of system. The overall thinking is: optimizing the mechanism of government intervention in economic operation to suppress the source of rent; We will improve the customs business management system and reduce the rent-seeking space; standardize the power of administrative law enforcement to increase the rent-seeking costs; and strengthen the protection against dereliction of duty to control the rent-seeking power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D924.393

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王小飛 ,Shown;英國的“電子政府”[J];網(wǎng)絡(luò)與信息;2002年01期

，

本文編號：2198761