高校危機管理的問題與對策研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-19 19:34
【摘要】：危機管理是公共管理中的一項重要內(nèi)容,高校危機屬于公共危機管理的一種,高校危機事件是指發(fā)生在高校校園或與高校師生有關的,突然發(fā)生并且會給學校正常教育教學秩序帶來嚴重影響,而以高校自身的能力難以立即有效處理的事件。 我國高校目前已經(jīng)成為社會的重要組成部分。近年來,屢見媒體的高校危機事件,如食品飯菜質(zhì)量及價格紛爭、學生住宿安全事件、學籍管理問題、傳染病流行、火災等,引起了社會各界對高校危機管理的高度關注。 本文對高校危機管理的類別和特征進行分析。從組織范圍角度、危機基本動因角度、危機事件性質(zhì)等方面進行了分類,從突發(fā)性、擴散性、活躍性、群體性、危害性、敏感性等六個方面對高校危機特征進行了概括,指出我國高校普遍存在危機管理意識薄弱、管理體系不健全、缺乏法律支撐、應對能力有待提高等問題,這些問題有著復雜的原因,主要包括社會大環(huán)境的影響、高校內(nèi)部管理的不足、新媒體帶來的挑戰(zhàn)和大學生自身素質(zhì)等方面。這些既有外部客觀環(huán)境的影響,又有主觀意志、個人見識、心智成熟度等根源性因子,這些都是高校發(fā)生各類危機的隱患,一旦各種條件聚合發(fā)生“化學反應”,就很容易產(chǎn)生不良的后果。 本文以美、日兩個發(fā)達國家的高校危機管理為例對國外高校危機事件方面的經(jīng)驗加以探析。針對我國高校危機管理的現(xiàn)狀,提出了高校危機管理的對策和建議。一是建立完善危機意識培養(yǎng)教育機制。二是建立完善突發(fā)事件應急處置機制。三是建立完善有效的溝通交流機制。四是建立完善風險評估工作機制。五是建立完善隱患排查化解機制。六是建立完善大學生心理危機干預機制。七是加強危機法制建設。八是加強和諧校園建設。九是注重新媒體的運用。十是注重危機之后的總結(jié)。通過認真分析危機事件的發(fā)生原因和處理的整個流程,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,進一步健全各項制度,完善各項監(jiān)測機制,有效提高高校危機防控意識和能力,建設文明和諧平安校園。
[Abstract]:Crisis management is an important part of public management. University crisis is a kind of public crisis management. The events that occur suddenly and have a serious impact on the normal education and teaching order of the school, but difficult to deal with immediately and effectively by the ability of the university itself. At present, colleges and universities in China have become an important part of society. In recent years, college crisis events such as food quality and price disputes, student accommodation safety events, student status management problems, epidemic infectious diseases, fire and so on, have caused great attention to the crisis management in colleges and universities. This paper analyzes the types and characteristics of crisis management in colleges and universities. From the angle of organizational scope, the basic causes of the crisis, the nature of the crisis events and so on, this paper classifies the characteristics of the crisis in colleges and universities from the following six aspects: sudden, diffusive, active, group, harmfulness, sensitivity, etc. It is pointed out that the crisis management consciousness is weak, the management system is not perfect, the legal support is lacking, and the ability to deal with these problems need to be improved. These problems have complicated reasons, including the influence of the social environment. The deficiency of internal management, the challenge of new media and the quality of college students. These are not only the influence of external objective environment, but also the root factors of subjective will, personal knowledge, mental maturity and so on. These are the hidden dangers of all kinds of crises in colleges and universities. Once various conditions converge, "chemical reactions" occur. It is easy to have bad consequences. This paper takes the crisis management of colleges and universities in two developed countries of the United States and Japan as an example to probe into the experiences of the crisis events in foreign universities. In view of the present situation of crisis management in colleges and universities in China, the countermeasures and suggestions of crisis management in colleges and universities are put forward. First, establish and improve the crisis awareness training education mechanism. Second, establish and improve the emergency handling mechanism. Third, to establish a sound and effective communication mechanism. Fourth, establish and perfect the work mechanism of risk assessment. Fifth, the establishment and improvement of hidden trouble investigation and resolution mechanism. Sixth, establish and perfect the psychological crisis intervention mechanism of college students. Seventh, strengthen the construction of crisis legal system. Eighth, strengthen the construction of harmonious campus. Nine is to pay attention to the use of new media. Ten is to pay attention to the summary after the crisis. By analyzing the causes of the crisis and the whole process of dealing with the crisis, we can find out the problems, further improve the system, perfect the monitoring mechanism, effectively improve the consciousness and ability of crisis prevention and control in colleges and universities, and build a civilized and harmonious campus.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D63
本文編號：2192621
[Abstract]:Crisis management is an important part of public management. University crisis is a kind of public crisis management. The events that occur suddenly and have a serious impact on the normal education and teaching order of the school, but difficult to deal with immediately and effectively by the ability of the university itself. At present, colleges and universities in China have become an important part of society. In recent years, college crisis events such as food quality and price disputes, student accommodation safety events, student status management problems, epidemic infectious diseases, fire and so on, have caused great attention to the crisis management in colleges and universities. This paper analyzes the types and characteristics of crisis management in colleges and universities. From the angle of organizational scope, the basic causes of the crisis, the nature of the crisis events and so on, this paper classifies the characteristics of the crisis in colleges and universities from the following six aspects: sudden, diffusive, active, group, harmfulness, sensitivity, etc. It is pointed out that the crisis management consciousness is weak, the management system is not perfect, the legal support is lacking, and the ability to deal with these problems need to be improved. These problems have complicated reasons, including the influence of the social environment. The deficiency of internal management, the challenge of new media and the quality of college students. These are not only the influence of external objective environment, but also the root factors of subjective will, personal knowledge, mental maturity and so on. These are the hidden dangers of all kinds of crises in colleges and universities. Once various conditions converge, "chemical reactions" occur. It is easy to have bad consequences. This paper takes the crisis management of colleges and universities in two developed countries of the United States and Japan as an example to probe into the experiences of the crisis events in foreign universities. In view of the present situation of crisis management in colleges and universities in China, the countermeasures and suggestions of crisis management in colleges and universities are put forward. First, establish and improve the crisis awareness training education mechanism. Second, establish and improve the emergency handling mechanism. Third, to establish a sound and effective communication mechanism. Fourth, establish and perfect the work mechanism of risk assessment. Fifth, the establishment and improvement of hidden trouble investigation and resolution mechanism. Sixth, establish and perfect the psychological crisis intervention mechanism of college students. Seventh, strengthen the construction of crisis legal system. Eighth, strengthen the construction of harmonious campus. Nine is to pay attention to the use of new media. Ten is to pay attention to the summary after the crisis. By analyzing the causes of the crisis and the whole process of dealing with the crisis, we can find out the problems, further improve the system, perfect the monitoring mechanism, effectively improve the consciousness and ability of crisis prevention and control in colleges and universities, and build a civilized and harmonious campus.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D63
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，本文編號：2192621
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