本文選題：官僚制 + 公共政策��； 參考：《西南政法大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：官僚，人們用充滿蔑視的神情說出這個詞，到處被人們說成是一群慵懶、無能、走歪門邪道甚至是充滿危機的人。1人們常常把官僚制與浪費、拖延、保守、形式主義聯(lián)系起來，談到官僚或官僚制時似乎總是對其懷有某種根深蒂固的憎恨與偏見，甚至以官僚、官僚制度為公共行政領域的一大頑疾不可除之而后快也可淪為眾矢之的。但當此種看法似乎與行政學之最新潮理念相切合而令以上持論者沾沾自喜時，作為理性的公共行政學研究者，我們?nèi)f不可人云亦云、不假思索地動用看似光鮮的理論來輕易武裝自己。我想，這也不是我們治學應有的態(tài)度與覺悟。 隨著近代現(xiàn)社會的到來，經(jīng)濟高速發(fā)展，科技突飛猛進，伴隨著資本主義的興起，市民階層的大量出現(xiàn)，社會的治理結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了重大變化。官僚或官僚制理論正是發(fā)源于近代工業(yè)前社會向工業(yè)社會的過度階段，盡管其理論淵源來自于政治行政二分法，也由于過分強調(diào)管理過程中的工具理性而忽略行政執(zhí)行中的價值理性受到后來理論的批判，但是以官僚制為源頭，在其基礎上抽象出的官僚或官僚制理性總是能與現(xiàn)代公共行政學始終不渝的價值追求（例如效率、低成本等）相適應，從此種意義上講，我們也不可以對官僚制理論作出以上簡單化的理解。更何況，官僚制無論是在傳統(tǒng)的公共行政領域還是在以新理論范式為指導的現(xiàn)代公共管理中都起到過不可代替的作用，并將長期為現(xiàn)代社會公共政策的執(zhí)行貢獻力量。 在傳統(tǒng)的政治行政二分理論遭到解構(gòu)之時，盡管當前在公共行政學理論界和實務中，針對官僚制的批判也是不一而足，但是不可否認的是沒有哪一種新型理論是立足于完全拋棄官僚制理論的立場上來構(gòu)建其理論根基，充其量也只是對理性官僚制對現(xiàn)代社會適應性問題的修正，同時，以上理論完全可以成為我們改造并完善官僚制理論的理由。調(diào)試后理性官僚制理論也將更好地服務于現(xiàn)代公共行政管理，服務于人類社會發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代性進程。本文正是立意于此，在重新厘清多方理論對官僚制度批判的基礎上，試圖說明在工具理性和價值理性取得平衡之時，官僚制會對大幅提高公共行政的效率，大幅提升公共政策執(zhí)行力。 同時，本論文僅圍繞公共行政及公共政策執(zhí)行的一般原理來推導完善官僚制和提高公共政策執(zhí)行力的路徑，鑒于我國當前的行政學理論界對中國政府行政管理體制的研究能否延用官僚制理論的一般原理作為分析工具，似乎并沒有達成共識。因此在此作者也采取較為審慎的態(tài)度，畢竟中國的政府管理體制有其自身的特點，官僚制理論產(chǎn)生的土壤也在域外，，我們?nèi)f不可簡單照搬。如果此文能引起諸君在此向面的點滴思考，那么于筆者而言也算做了一件有意義的事了。
[Abstract]:Bureaucrats, people say this word with a look of disdain, and everywhere they say it is a group of lazy, incompetent, sinister and even crisis-ridden people who often associate bureaucracy with waste, procrastination, conservatism, formalism, When it comes to bureaucracy or bureaucracy, it always seems to have some kind of deep-rooted hatred and prejudice against it. Even bureaucrats are regarded as a serious problem in the field of public administration. But when such a view seems to coincide with the latest ideas of administration and makes the above commentators complacent, as rational researchers of public administration, we must not copy others. It is easy to arm yourself with seemingly glossy theories without thinking. I think this is not the attitude and consciousness that we should have in our study. With the arrival of modern society, the rapid development of economy, the rapid development of science and technology, with the rise of capitalism, the emergence of a large number of civil class, the social governance structure has undergone major changes. The theory of bureaucracy or bureaucracy originated in the transitional period from the modern pre-industrial society to the industrial society, although its theoretical origin came from the dichotomy of political administration. Because too much emphasis is placed on the instrumental rationality in the management process and the value rationality in the administrative execution is ignored, it is criticized by the later theories, but the bureaucratic system is the source. The bureaucrat or bureaucratic rationality abstracted on its basis can always be adapted to the unswerving pursuit of value (such as efficiency, low cost, etc.) in modern public administration. Nor can we make such a simplistic understanding of bureaucratic theory. Moreover, bureaucracy plays an irreplaceable role in both the traditional public administration field and the modern public administration guided by the new theoretical paradigm, and will contribute to the implementation of public policies in modern society for a long time. When the traditional dichotomy theory of political administration was deconstructed, although in the field of theory and practice of public administration, criticism of bureaucracy was numerous. But it is undeniable that no new theory is based on completely abandoning the bureaucratic theory to build its theoretical foundation. At best, it is only a revision to the adaptation of rational bureaucracy to the modern society, at the same time, The above theory can become the reason for us to reform and perfect the bureaucracy theory. The theory of rational bureaucracy after debugging will also serve the modern public administration and the development of human society. On the basis of redefining the critique of bureaucracy in various theories, this paper tries to explain that bureaucracy will greatly improve the efficiency of public administration when the balance between instrumental rationality and value rationality is achieved. Public policy execution will be greatly improved. At the same time, this paper only around the general principles of public administration and public policy implementation to derive the path to improve the bureaucracy and improve the implementation of public policies. In view of the fact that the current study of Chinese government administration system in the field of administrative theory can use the general principles of bureaucracy as an analytical tool, there seems to be no consensus. Therefore, the author also takes a more prudent attitude here. After all, China's government management system has its own characteristics, and the soil produced by the bureaucratic theory is also outside the country, so we must not simply copy it. If this article can cause the monarch to think in this direction, it is a meaningful thing for the writer.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D63

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：1970733