本文選題：欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū) + 地方政府�。� 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)60年代以來，政府績效評估在西方發(fā)達(dá)國家儼然是一股不可抵擋的時尚潮流，各國紛紛將這種已經(jīng)在企業(yè)管理中發(fā)揮重要作用的方式引進(jìn)政府部門工作評估與該進(jìn)，試圖扭轉(zhuǎn)本國政府備受詬病的效率低下、成本激增、服務(wù)質(zhì)量差等問題。 經(jīng)過數(shù)十年的實(shí)踐，各國政府充分驗(yàn)證了其在提高政府效能，監(jiān)控政府執(zhí)法、提升政府服務(wù)水平、轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能、促進(jìn)“陽光行政”等方面的不容置疑的功能。尤其是英國、美國、澳大利亞等率先舉起政府績效評估大旗的國家，在長期的實(shí)踐中，不斷調(diào)整與改變實(shí)際操作中存在的非規(guī)范行為，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，形成了各國相對成熟的績效評估模式，成為后入國家學(xué)習(xí)的典范。 對我國而言，政府績效評估無論是在理論上還是在實(shí)踐上都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于發(fā)達(dá)國家，欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)尤甚，從已經(jīng)形成的地方政府績效評估模式來看，取得了一定成就，但還存在更多的問題，迫切需要理論先行，為實(shí)踐“指路”。 同時，作為現(xiàn)代公共管理研究的一個前沿課題，對欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)政府績效評估的研究，勢必推進(jìn)本級政府行政管理體制改革，，優(yōu)化政府工作流程，促成“服務(wù)性政府”的建立。 本文按照提出問題、分析問題、解決問題的邏輯，將全文分為五個部分： 第一部分主要是對欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)政府績效評估學(xué)術(shù)界當(dāng)前研究的總體情況進(jìn)行綜述； 第二部分是就研究欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)政府績效評估的理論基礎(chǔ)如新公共服務(wù)理論、治理理論、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀等做簡要介紹，最后是對文中將要涉及的欠發(fā)達(dá)、地方政府、績效評估等主要名詞進(jìn)行解釋與界定，便于規(guī)范研究； 第三部分則對當(dāng)前我國欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)在政府績效評估實(shí)踐中的幾種模式進(jìn)行介紹并分析，重點(diǎn)對其在推行過程中存在的意識觀念落后，開放性程度低，處于發(fā)展的初級階段、指標(biāo)體系缺乏科學(xué)性、應(yīng)用機(jī)制缺失等問題作了探討； 第四部分是在承接第三部分的基礎(chǔ)上，重點(diǎn)剖析阻礙我國欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)政府績效評估進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的因素，透視出意識障礙、結(jié)構(gòu)障礙、管理障礙、評估障礙等問題。 第五部分是本文的重點(diǎn)，針對欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)政府績效評估中存在的障礙性因素，作者試圖從更新政府服務(wù)理念、培養(yǎng)專業(yè)人才、建立多元化評估主體、科學(xué)設(shè)置評估指標(biāo)、完善溝通反饋渠道、形成法律保障、注重評估結(jié)果的應(yīng)用等一整套相互協(xié)調(diào)的解決實(shí)施方案。
[Abstract]:Since the 1960s, government performance evaluation has been an irresistible fashion trend in the western developed countries. Many countries have introduced this way, which has played an important role in enterprise management, into the work evaluation of government departments. Trying to reverse the government's much-criticized inefficiencies, soaring costs and poor service quality. After decades of practice, the governments of various countries have fully verified their indisputable functions in improving the efficiency of the government, monitoring the law enforcement of the government, improving the level of government services, transforming the functions of the government, and promoting the "sunshine administration". In particular, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and other countries that have taken the lead in raising the flag of government performance evaluation have constantly adjusted and changed the non-standard behavior existing in the actual operation in their long-term practice, and summed up their experiences. It has formed a relatively mature performance evaluation model and become a model for learning from the country. For our country, the government performance evaluation is far behind the developed countries in theory and practice, especially in the less developed areas. From the view of the local government performance evaluation model, it has made some achievements. But there are still more problems, the urgent need for theory first, for practice, "show the way." At the same time, as a forward subject of modern public management research, the research on government performance evaluation in underdeveloped areas is bound to promote the reform of government administration system at the corresponding level, optimize government work flow, and promote the establishment of "service government". According to the logic of problem raising, problem analysis and problem solving, the thesis is divided into five parts: The first part is a summary of the current research in the academic circles of government performance evaluation in underdeveloped areas. The second part is a brief introduction to the theoretical basis of government performance evaluation in underdeveloped areas, such as new public service theory, governance theory, scientific development view, etc. The main terms, such as performance evaluation, are interpreted and defined to facilitate normative research; The third part introduces and analyzes several models in the practice of government performance evaluation in the underdeveloped areas of our country, focusing on the backward consciousness, low openness and the initial stage of development in the process of implementation. The lack of scientific index system and lack of application mechanism are discussed. On the basis of the third part, the fourth part mainly analyzes the factors hindering the further development of government performance evaluation in underdeveloped areas of our country, and points out the obstacles of consciousness, structure, management, evaluation and so on. The fifth part is the focal point of this paper, aiming at the obstacle factors in the evaluation of government performance in underdeveloped areas, the author tries to update the concept of government service, train professional talents, establish a pluralistic evaluation subject, and scientifically set up the evaluation index. Improve the channel of communication and feedback, form legal guarantee, pay attention to the application of evaluation results, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D625

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