本文選題：管理體制 + 海上執(zhí)法�。� 參考：《華南理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：黨的十七大報告提出要加大政府機構整合力度，探索實行職能有機統(tǒng)一的大部門體制，著力解決各級政府部門機構重疊、政出多門、職責交叉等問題。中央“十二五”規(guī)劃綱要中再次明確，要繼續(xù)優(yōu)化政府結構、行政層級、職能責任，大力推進“大部門”體制改革，，加快建立法治政府和服務型政府。我國現(xiàn)行的海上行政執(zhí)法體制來源于計劃經濟，經歷了分散管理、海軍統(tǒng)管和行業(yè)管理等階段，在1998年政府機構改革基礎上逐步形成，基本特征是以國家海洋局海監(jiān)總隊、農業(yè)部漁政部門、交通部海事局、公安邊防海警部隊、海關緝私部門等幾大職能機構構成的分散型行業(yè)管理體制。各部門分兵把口，各執(zhí)其法，長期形成“多龍治水”、“群龍鬧�！钡木置�，從上到下眾多涉海部門，各有各的職責和權限范圍，職能重復與缺位并存，對內難以公正執(zhí)法，對外不能形成整體合力，在海洋執(zhí)法中處于一種被動、無力、難作為的狀態(tài)。隨著海洋經濟的發(fā)展，我國現(xiàn)行的海上執(zhí)法體制已經也不能適應海洋權益保護、海洋治安維護、海洋資源管理、海洋經濟發(fā)展的要求，現(xiàn)有的海上執(zhí)法隊伍難以承擔起海洋綜合執(zhí)法重任，改革現(xiàn)有的海上執(zhí)法管理體制、統(tǒng)一海上執(zhí)法隊伍已成為海洋執(zhí)法管理的迫切要求。 本文立足海上執(zhí)法管理體制改革創(chuàng)新理論的基礎上，簡要介紹了行政體制改革、海洋綜合管理、海上行政執(zhí)法等相關概念與國外典型的海上執(zhí)法管理模式，闡述與總結了他國經驗對我國的啟示，分析了我國海上執(zhí)法管理體制的主要問題及原因；進一步結合我國政府管理創(chuàng)新以及行政管理體制改革的趨勢，運用公共管理理論、行政體制改革理論、海洋行政執(zhí)法理論的觀點，深入論述了我國現(xiàn)行海上執(zhí)法和管理體制存在的問題和弊端，以及改革創(chuàng)新的必要性和可行性，提出了改革措施和對策，通過建立海洋綜合管理體制，整合現(xiàn)有的海上執(zhí)法隊伍，組建中國海岸警衛(wèi)隊，完善海洋法律法規(guī)體系，逐步健全和完善適合我國國情、有利于進一步加強和改進海上執(zhí)法管理的新體制，更加有效地維護我國海洋權益，保護海洋環(huán)境和資源。
[Abstract]:The report of the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to strengthen the integration of government organs, explore the implementation of a large department system with organic unity of functions, and focus on solving the problems of overlapping of government departments at all levels, various branches of government, and overlapping responsibilities. In the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan of the Central Committee, it is clear once again that it is necessary to continue to optimize the government structure, administrative levels, and functional responsibilities, vigorously promote the reform of the system of "large departments", and speed up the establishment of a government ruled by law and a service-oriented government. The current maritime administrative law enforcement system of our country comes from the planned economy and has experienced the stages of decentralized management, naval command and trade management, and has been gradually formed on the basis of the reform of government agencies in 1998. The basic feature is that the State Oceanic Administration Marine Surveillance General team is the basic feature. The decentralized management system of agriculture and fishery administration department, maritime affairs bureau of communications ministry, public security frontier defense and maritime police force, customs anti-smuggling department, etc. Each department is divided into arms, each enforcing its laws, and the situation of "more dragons governing the waters" and "groups of dragons making a scene of the sea" has formed for a long time. From the top to the bottom, many departments involved in the sea each have their own responsibilities and competence, the duplication of functions and the absence of their functions coexist, and it is difficult to enforce the law impartially within the country. Outside can not form the whole force, in the ocean law enforcement in a passive, powerless, difficult state. With the development of marine economy, the current maritime law enforcement system in our country has been unable to meet the requirements of the protection of marine rights and interests, the maintenance of marine public order, the management of marine resources and the development of marine economy. It is difficult for the existing maritime law enforcement team to undertake the important task of marine comprehensive law enforcement, and to reform the existing maritime law enforcement management system, and to unify the maritime law enforcement team has become an urgent requirement of marine law enforcement management. Based on the reform and innovation theory of maritime law enforcement management system, this paper briefly introduces the related concepts such as administrative system reform, marine comprehensive management, maritime administrative law enforcement and foreign typical maritime law enforcement management mode. This paper expounds and summarizes the enlightenment of the experiences of other countries to our country, analyzes the main problems and reasons of our maritime law enforcement management system, further combines the innovation of our government management and the trend of the reform of the administrative management system, and applies the theory of public management. From the point of view of administrative system reform theory and marine administrative law enforcement theory, this paper deeply discusses the problems and drawbacks of the current maritime law enforcement and management system in China, as well as the necessity and feasibility of reform and innovation, and puts forward the reform measures and countermeasures. Through the establishment of a comprehensive marine management system, the integration of existing maritime law enforcement teams, the establishment of the China Coast Guard, the improvement of the marine laws and regulations system, and the gradual improvement and improvement of China's national conditions, It is beneficial to further strengthen and improve the new system of maritime law enforcement and management, to protect the marine rights and interests of our country more effectively, and to protect the marine environment and resources.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.1

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本文編號：1893869