本文選題：公私伙伴關(guān)系 + 地方公共物品�。� 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著《國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)民間投資健康發(fā)展的若干意見》的出臺(tái)，我國(guó)地方公共物品與服務(wù)的供給采用公私伙伴關(guān)系的機(jī)制與各種模式已經(jīng)逐漸進(jìn)人法制化與制度化的軌道。由于地方公共物品與服務(wù)的供給對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)鼐用穸跃哂邢M(fèi)的共同性與消費(fèi)的必然性，事關(guān)一定地域內(nèi)社會(huì)共同體生存與發(fā)展的基本權(quán)利，并且其公共性特征說明無論生產(chǎn)與提供的主體是公共部門還是私人部門，都不能單純?yōu)榱藗�(gè)體私利而犧牲公共利益或公共價(jià)值。公私伙伴關(guān)系誕生于新公共管理運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期，它所具有的私人融資、經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移給私人部門、資源共享與收益共享、以較低成本提供較高水平的公共物品與服務(wù)等特點(diǎn)受到了各國(guó)政府的青睞。我國(guó)地方政府正面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整期、改革攻堅(jiān)期與地方債務(wù)擴(kuò)大期的困境，本著降低財(cái)政支出、提高公共服務(wù)水平、活化民間資本與鼓勵(lì)公民參與的目的，公私伙伴關(guān)系供給地方公共物品與服務(wù)成為地方政府的最優(yōu)選擇。 首先，本文對(duì)近20年來國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)公私伙伴關(guān)系和地方公共物品的研究文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了分類梳理，尤其對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)與研究成果進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)介紹，并指出了國(guó)內(nèi)研究中存在的不足。對(duì)國(guó)外公共物品的研究流派、歷史講行了回顧，并且對(duì)國(guó)外公私伙伴關(guān)系與各種理論的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要介紹。 其次，本文對(duì)合作、公私伙伴關(guān)系、公共物品與地方公共物品四個(gè)核心概念進(jìn)行了介紹與概念界定。根據(jù)論文理論框架的需要，將合作分為語言合作、行動(dòng)合作與組織系統(tǒng)合作三種類型。將公私伙伴關(guān)系分為體制性公私伙伴關(guān)系與機(jī)制性公私伙伴關(guān)系，并以體制性公私伙伴關(guān)系作為本文研究框架的基礎(chǔ)；同時(shí)，以縱向研究的視角，將公私伙伴關(guān)系的內(nèi)涵分為傳統(tǒng)的公私伙伴關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟(jì)——財(cái)政型公私伙伴關(guān)系、管理型公私伙伴關(guān)系與行政改革型公私伙伴關(guān)系。公共物品的概念介紹了薩繆爾森、布坎南、奧爾森和埃莉諾·奧斯特洛姆的公共物品概念，，以及蒂布特的地方公共物品概念。本文的地方性公共物品概念強(qiáng)調(diào)了其地域性、公共性、共同性與消費(fèi)的必然性特征。 再次，理論基礎(chǔ)介紹了新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的委托代理理論、交易成本理論與公共選擇理論及其與公私伙伴關(guān)系的相關(guān)性。民營(yíng)化理論介紹了民營(yíng)化的概念、民營(yíng)化與公私伙伴關(guān)系的相關(guān)性，及民營(yíng)化的類型與方式。新合作主義理論介紹了其內(nèi)涵、基本觀點(diǎn)及國(guó)家與功能分化的利益代表團(tuán)體之間的合作關(guān)系。協(xié)商民主理論介紹了各家關(guān)于協(xié)商民主的基本內(nèi)涵及協(xié)商民主的特征，尤其重點(diǎn)介紹了伊森·里布的民主的公眾部門的思想。政府改革理論介紹了新公共管理理論、新公共服務(wù)理論、整體性政府理論與我國(guó)的地方服務(wù)型政府理論。其中，新公共管理運(yùn)動(dòng)是公私伙伴關(guān)系誕生的社會(huì)與政治背景；新公共服務(wù)及我國(guó)的服務(wù)型政府理論與實(shí)踐對(duì)公私伙伴關(guān)系的公民權(quán)利指向、人本主義關(guān)懷、社群價(jià)值肯認(rèn)，以及公共服務(wù)的公共與公平屬性在公共精神層面進(jìn)行了內(nèi)在反思；而整體性政府理論則對(duì)政府體制框架與跨部門的協(xié)同治理能力完善進(jìn)行了外在規(guī)約。 第四，本文對(duì)公私伙伴關(guān)系的國(guó)外動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展進(jìn)行了回顧與整理，提出了公私伙伴關(guān)系下地方公共物品供給存在的共性問題，即公共利益監(jiān)管的體制性漏洞、成本控制的機(jī)制性模糊、利益表達(dá)的制度性缺失的問題。并詳盡地分析了上述問題的原因，這些原因主要包括五個(gè)方面：一是官僚理性的延續(xù)與“內(nèi)部員工”干擾；二是交易成本與委托代理關(guān)系的原因；三是市場(chǎng)失靈與私人部門不成熟；四是法律適用中公私之爭(zhēng)（適用公法還是私法的爭(zhēng)論）與剛?cè)崂Ь常ㄓ卜ㄅc軟法間關(guān)系的困境）；五是公民參與不暢和社會(huì)資本缺失。 第五，本文基于上述問題及原因分析，提出了本文的理論研究框架：一是公共性與新型公私合作觀為觀念基礎(chǔ)；二是關(guān)于公共部門暨地方政府體制的設(shè)計(jì)；三是公私伙伴關(guān)系下私人企業(yè)的道德倫理與企業(yè)社會(huì)責(zé)任；四是從公民與社會(huì)團(tuán)體角度審視，增值社會(huì)資本與公眾部門的設(shè)計(jì)架構(gòu)。 最后，本文采用嵌入性單案例研究方法，對(duì)臺(tái)灣高鐵的公私伙伴關(guān)系模式進(jìn)行了分析，案例先是簡(jiǎn)單介紹了臺(tái)灣的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與近20多年來的民營(yíng)化與公私伙伴關(guān)系發(fā)展歷程，接著回顧了臺(tái)灣高鐵項(xiàng)目從論證、興建到營(yíng)運(yùn)的過程。重點(diǎn)部分是對(duì)臺(tái)灣高鐵的開發(fā)與發(fā)展過程中圍繞著公共部門、私人部門、公民與社會(huì)團(tuán)體之間的多元關(guān)系按照模式匹配原則進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the introduction of some opinions of the State Council on encouraging and guiding the healthy development of private investment, the mechanism and various modes of the supply of public goods and services for local public goods and services have gradually been institutionalized and institutionalized. The supply of local public goods and services for local residents The commonality of consumption and the necessity of consumption are related to the basic rights of the existence and development of social community in a certain region, and its public character shows that no matter the main body of production and provision is the public or private sector, the public and public value can not be sacrificed solely for the private interests of the individual. In the period of the new public management movement, the private financing, the management risk transfer to the private sector, the sharing of resources and the sharing of income, and the higher level of public goods and services at a lower cost were favored by the governments of all countries. The dilemmas of the debt expansion period, in order to reduce the financial expenditure, improve the public service level, activate the private capital and encourage citizens to participate, the public and private partnership supply local public goods and services become the best choice for the local government.
First, this paper classifies the research literature on public and private partnerships and local public goods at home and abroad in the last 20 years, especially the existing domestic literature and research results, and points out the shortcomings in domestic research. The relationship between public-private partnership and various theories is briefly introduced.
Secondly, this paper introduces and defines the four core concepts of cooperation, public and private partnership, public goods and local public goods. According to the needs of the theoretical framework of the paper, the cooperation is divided into three types: language cooperation, action cooperation and organization system cooperation. The relationship of public and private partners is divided into institutional public private partnership and mechanism. Public-private partnership and institutional public-private partnership as the basis for this research framework; at the same time, the connotation of public-private partnership is divided into traditional public private partnership, economic, public and private partnership, management public-private partnership and administrative reform type public private partnership. The concept of the product introduces the concept of public goods of Samuelson, Buchanan, Olsen and Eleanor Ostrom, as well as the concept of Tiebout's local public goods. The concept of local public goods in this article emphasizes the inevitability of its regional, public, commonality and consumption.
Thirdly, the theoretical basis introduces the principal-agent theory of the new institutional economics, the theory of transaction cost and the theory of public choice and the relationship between the public and private partnership. The privatization theory introduces the concept of privatization, the correlation between privatization and public-private partnership, and the types and ways of privatization. The new theory of cooperative doctrine introduces the theory of privatization. The connotation, the basic viewpoint and the cooperative relationship between the state and the interest representative groups of the functional differentiation. The democratic theory of consultative democracy introduces the basic connotation of consultative democracy and the characteristics of the consultative democracy, especially the ideas of the democratic public sector of Ethan Rib. The new public management theory is introduced in the government's reform theory, and the new public management theory is introduced. The theory of public service, the theory of holistic government and the theory of local service-oriented government in our country. The new public management movement is the social and political background of the birth of public-private partnership; the theory and practice of the new public service and our service-oriented government on the civil rights of public and private partnerships, humanistic care and community value recognition. The public and fair attributes of public services are introspection at the level of public spirit, while the holistic government theory carries out external stipulations on the improvement of government institutional framework and cross sector synergistic governance.
Fourth, this paper reviews and collates the dynamic development of public and private partnerships abroad, and puts forward the common problems in the supply of local public goods under public and private partnership, namely, institutional loopholes in public interest regulation, the fuzzy mechanism of cost control, and the lack of interest expression, and analyzes the above questions in detail. The reasons include five main reasons: one is the continuation of bureaucratic rationality and the interference of "internal staff"; two is the reason for the relationship between transaction costs and principal-agent; the three is the market failure and the private sector, and the four is the dispute between public and private law in the application of the law (the debate between public law or private law) and the hard and soft dilemma (the hard law and the hard law) The five is the lack of citizen participation and the lack of social capital.
Fifth, based on the above problems and causes analysis, this paper puts forward the theoretical framework of this article: first, the concept of public and new public and private cooperation concept; two is about the design of the public sector and local government system; the three is the moral ethics and corporate social responsibility of private enterprises under public and private partnership; four is from the citizen and society. From a group perspective, the design framework of value-added social capital and public sector.
Finally, this paper analyzes the public and private partnership model of Taiwan high speed rail with the method of embeddedness single case study. The case first introduces the development process of the economic development of Taiwan and the privatization and public-private partnership for nearly 20 years, and then reviews the key parts of the Taiwan high speed rail project from demonstration, construction to operation. In the development and development process of Taiwan high speed rail, the multiple relations between the public sector, the private sector, the citizen and the social group are analyzed according to the pattern matching principle.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D63

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