本文選題：廉政學(xué) + 監(jiān)察體制�。� 參考：《河南社會(huì)科學(xué)》2017年06期

【摘要】：反腐敗形勢(shì)雖然復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻,但經(jīng)過(guò)不到5年的猛敲狠打,腐敗頑石開(kāi)始碎裂,堅(jiān)冰開(kāi)始消融,腐敗蔓延勢(shì)頭得到有效遏制,反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)壓倒性態(tài)勢(shì)很快從"正在形成"切換到"已經(jīng)形成"。不敢腐的目標(biāo)初步實(shí)現(xiàn),不能腐的制度日益完善,不想腐的堤壩正在構(gòu)筑,黨內(nèi)政治生活呈現(xiàn)新的氣象。在與腐敗和不正之風(fēng)的堅(jiān)決斗爭(zhēng)中,反腐敗體制機(jī)制改革功不可沒(méi),為完善黨和國(guó)家的監(jiān)督制度作出了歷史性貢獻(xiàn)。監(jiān)察體制改革是中國(guó)反腐體制改革中一次革命性變革。2016年11月,中共中央辦公廳印發(fā)《關(guān)于在北京市、山西省、浙江省開(kāi)展國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革試點(diǎn)方案》。北京市、山西省、浙江省率先實(shí)驗(yàn)、探索實(shí)踐,在體制機(jī)制、制度建設(shè)等方面研究破解反腐力量分散、監(jiān)督不能全覆蓋等問(wèn)題,為在全國(guó)推開(kāi)積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。為進(jìn)一步做好監(jiān)察體制改革,優(yōu)化改革方案,促進(jìn)改革取得更好效果,本刊特邀在廉政學(xué)和國(guó)家治理領(lǐng)域長(zhǎng)期從事研究的專(zhuān)家對(duì)國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究�！侗容^視角下的國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革》提出,監(jiān)察體制是所有國(guó)家和地區(qū)政權(quán)建設(shè)不可缺少的內(nèi)容,國(guó)(境)外監(jiān)察體制改革既存在積極有利的因素,也存在消極不利的因素,當(dāng)前有必要綜合分析借鑒國(guó)(境)外的監(jiān)察體制改革的利弊得失,強(qiáng)化監(jiān)察委員會(huì)調(diào)查腐敗案件的獨(dú)立性和權(quán)威性,重視并用足監(jiān)督措施,繼續(xù)完善機(jī)構(gòu)的內(nèi)部改革,敦促并力推外圍配套改革,把私營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)納入監(jiān)督范圍�！秶�(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革:總體方案、分析評(píng)論與對(duì)策建議》提出了"3+2+1"的改革方案,主張?jiān)鰪?qiáng)國(guó)家監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)獨(dú)立性,強(qiáng)化對(duì)監(jiān)委會(huì)的監(jiān)督,推進(jìn)監(jiān)督體制的系統(tǒng)改革,推行職業(yè)化和專(zhuān)業(yè)化,優(yōu)化監(jiān)委會(huì)的層級(jí)設(shè)置�！秶�(guó)家監(jiān)察權(quán)設(shè)置的功能》認(rèn)為,國(guó)家監(jiān)察體制改革實(shí)際上是將國(guó)家權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整。國(guó)家監(jiān)察權(quán)的權(quán)威性足以保障權(quán)力正常運(yùn)行,其法治化、規(guī)范化運(yùn)行對(duì)被監(jiān)督人員行使權(quán)力具備直接保障功能,對(duì)國(guó)家公職行為產(chǎn)生凈化功能,同時(shí)增加公民對(duì)國(guó)家的信任,具有國(guó)家整體形象的增信功能�！督�(zhuān)業(yè)化導(dǎo)向的國(guó)家監(jiān)察官制度》認(rèn)為,反腐工作需要一支專(zhuān)業(yè)人才隊(duì)伍來(lái)承擔(dān);我國(guó)公務(wù)員以及反腐敗機(jī)構(gòu)的管理制度行政化色彩強(qiáng)烈,制約了反腐敗人員專(zhuān)業(yè)水平的提升;香港廉政公署以專(zhuān)業(yè)化為導(dǎo)向的人事管理制度值得借鑒;可以通過(guò)建立專(zhuān)業(yè)化導(dǎo)向的國(guó)家監(jiān)察官制度以實(shí)現(xiàn)反腐敗隊(duì)伍的職業(yè)化和專(zhuān)業(yè)化。
[Abstract]:Although the anti-corruption situation is complex and grim, after less than five years of fierce blows, the stone of corruption began to crack, the ice began to melt, and the spreading momentum of corruption was effectively curbed.The overwhelming trend in the fight against corruption quickly shifted from being formed to already formed.The goal of fear of corruption is initially realized, the system of incorruptible is becoming more and more perfect, the dyke that does not want to rot is being constructed, and the political life of the Party presents a new atmosphere.In the resolute struggle against corruption and unhealthy tendencies, the reform of anti-corruption system and mechanism has made a historic contribution to the improvement of the supervision system of the Party and the country.The reform of supervisory system is a revolutionary change in the reform of anti-corruption system in China. In November 2016, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee issued a pilot program on the reform of the state supervisory system in Beijing, Shanxi and Zhejiang provinces.Beijing, Shanxi, Zhejiang Province take the lead in experiments, explore practice, in the system mechanism, system construction and other aspects of research to crack the spread of anti-corruption forces, supervision can not cover all of the problems, so as to promote the accumulation of experience across the country.In order to further improve the reform of the supervisory system, optimize the reform plan, and promote the reform to achieve better results,Experts in the field of clean government and national governance have been specially invited to study the details of the reform of the state supervisory system. "the Reform of the State Supervision system from a Comparative Perspective", "the Reform of the State Supervision system."The supervisory system is an indispensable part of the regime building in all countries and regions. The reform of the supervisory system outside the country (territory) has both positive and favorable factors and negative and unfavorable factors.At present, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the reform of the supervisory system outside the country (territory), strengthen the independence and authority of the supervisory committee in investigating corruption cases, attach importance to and make full use of supervision measures, and continue to improve the internal reform of the organization.Urging and pushing forward Peripheral complementary reforms and bringing Private institutions into the scope of Supervision. The Reform of the State Supervision system: general Plan, Analysis, comments and suggestions "3 21" proposes a reform plan called "3 21", which advocates strengthening the independence of the national supervisory bodies,Strengthening the supervision of the JISC, promoting the systematic reform of the supervisory system, promoting professionalism and specialization, and optimizing the hierarchy of the JISC.The reform of state supervision system is actually to adjust the structure of state power.The authority of the state supervision power is sufficient to ensure the normal operation of the power, and its rule of law and standardized operation have the direct function of safeguarding the exercise of the power of the supervised personnel, the purification function of the state public office behavior, and at the same time increasing the citizens' trust in the state.It is believed that the anti-corruption work needs a team of professionals to undertake the anti-corruption work, and that the management system of civil servants and anti-corruption institutions in our country has a strong administrative color.It restricts the improvement of the professional level of anti-corruption personnel; the professionalization oriented personnel management system of Hong Kong Independent Commission against Corruption is worthy of reference; the professionalization and specialization of the anti-corruption team can be realized by establishing a professionalized national supervisory officer system.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院中國(guó)廉政研究中心;
【基金】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院登峰戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃“特殊學(xué)科”廉政學(xué)項(xiàng)目階段性成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D262.6

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