本文選題：仿生學 + 減阻��； 參考：《沈陽理工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著能源需求的增加以及對環(huán)境保護的要求，如何尋求一種既高效又環(huán)保的減阻方法成為各國學者研究的熱點問題。本文所做的是仿生學非光滑表面減阻技術的研究，將生物體表面的非光滑結構抽象為凹坑形，并將凹坑單元采用葉序理論進行排布，對葉序排布凹坑表面應用于空氣介質的減阻性能進行了研究。本文主要的研究工作如下： 分析植物組織的生長特點，得到按照植物葉序生長規(guī)律的曲線，應用最小二乘原則將葉序生長規(guī)律曲線與旋成體二次曲面的母線方程擬合，得到影響葉序排布方式的相關參數(shù)，，結合工程實際，設計出了符合葉序排布規(guī)律的凹坑表面。 采用ANSYS FLUENT對所選定的旋成體表面不同位置的葉序排布凹坑表面的減阻效果進行了數(shù)值模擬計算，仿真結果表明，尾部采用葉序排布凹坑的旋成體表面能夠取得更好的減阻效果；在相同的仿真條件下對平行排布的凹坑表面、交錯排布凹坑的表面以及按照不同生長系數(shù)的葉序排布凹坑表面的減阻效果進行了比較，仿真的結果表明，按照葉序排布的凹坑表面所達到的減阻效果要好于其他兩種排布方式的表面；最后，分析了凹坑單元的尺寸對減阻效果的影響，得到了在所選擇的旋成體表面布置葉序排布凹坑單元能夠減阻的凹坑尺寸范圍；最后，通過極差分析法對影響旋成體減阻效果的因素進行分析，得到了具有最佳減阻效果的參數(shù)組合，按照該組合排布的旋成體表面達到的最大減阻率達到3.8%。 通過對葉序排布凹坑形表面對旋成體近壁區(qū)流動的影響可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，葉序排布凹坑表面可以使近壁面氣體的速度梯度降低，并且由于凹坑內部旋轉氣流形成的“滾珠軸承”作用的影響，改變了氣體與壁面之間的摩擦形式；在相同面積內布置相同數(shù)量的不同排布方式的凹坑單元發(fā)現(xiàn)，葉序排布的凹坑表面能夠起到“滾珠軸承”作用的凹坑數(shù)量多；葉序排布凹坑表面無論是在減小摩擦阻力和壓差阻力方面，均比平行排布和交錯排布方式的凹坑表面有更好的減阻效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increase of energy demand and the requirements of environmental protection, how to find a high efficiency and environmental protection drag reduction method has become a hot issue for scholars all over the world. In this paper, the bionic non-smooth surface drag reduction technique is studied. The non-smooth structure on the surface of organism is abstracted as a crater, and the pit unit is arranged by the theory of leaf sequence. The drag reduction performance of the surface of the blade arrangement pit applied to the air medium is studied in this paper. The main work of this paper is as follows: the growth characteristics of plant tissue are analyzed, and the curve of plant leaf sequence growth is obtained. By applying the least square principle, the curve of leaf sequence growth law is fitted with the generatrix equation of the conic surface of the rotated body, and the relevant parameters affecting the arrangement of leaf sequence are obtained. Combined with the engineering practice, the concave surface that accords with the arrangement law of leaf sequence is designed. Using ANSYS fluent, the drag reduction effect of different positions of blade arrangement on the surface of rotary body is simulated. The simulation results show that the effect of drag reduction can be achieved better when the rotor surface is arranged by blade sequence. Under the same simulation conditions, the drag reduction effects of parallel arranged concave surface, staggered concave surface and leaf sequence arranged pit surface according to different growth coefficients are compared. The simulation results show that, The drag reduction effect of the pit surface arranged according to the leaf sequence is better than that of the other two arrangement modes. Finally, the effect of the size of the pit unit on the drag reduction effect is analyzed. The size range of the pits arranged on the surface of the rotated adult to reduce the drag is obtained. Finally, the factors that affect the drag reduction effect of the rotary adult are analyzed by means of range analysis. A parameter combination with the best drag reduction effect is obtained, and the maximum drag reduction rate of the rotated adult surface arranged according to the combination is 3.8%. It is found that the velocity gradient of gas near the wall can be decreased by arranging the surface of the pit by the influence of the surface of the leaf sequence arrangement on the flow near the wall of the rotated body, and it is found that the surface of the pit can decrease the velocity gradient of the gas near the wall. And because of the effect of the "ball bearing" formed by the rotating airflow inside the pit, the friction between the gas and the wall is changed, and the same number of pit units with different arrangement are found in the same area. The surface of the pit arranged by the leaf sequence can play the role of "ball bearing" in a large number of pits, and the surface of the pit can be arranged in order to reduce the friction resistance and the differential pressure resistance. Compared with parallel arrangement and staggered arrangement, the pit surface has better drag reduction effect.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB17

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