本文選題：制冷劑替代 + HFOs��； 參考：《武漢紡織大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：從歐盟在2006年提出的F-gas法規(guī)及其在2014年對(duì)法規(guī)所作的修訂(NO 517/2014)可以看出,人類(lèi)愈加重視對(duì)制冷劑GWP的控制。由于我國(guó)是世界上最大的HCFCs生產(chǎn)和消耗國(guó),而且傳統(tǒng)的HCFCs替代制冷劑如R134a、R410A、R407C等的GWP值較高。尋找綠色環(huán)保替代制冷劑已成為我國(guó)制冷空調(diào)領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的重要任務(wù)之一。本文以目前汽車(chē)空調(diào)中常用的R134a為例進(jìn)行混合工質(zhì)的替代物理論研究,選擇對(duì)R134a、R1234yf、R1234ze(E)、R32、R152a、R600a及其混合物進(jìn)行熱力性質(zhì)分析。本文根據(jù)熱力學(xué)微分關(guān)系式,用CSD、MH方程結(jié)合飽和液體密度方程、飽和蒸汽壓方程和理想氣體比熱方程獲得了各單工質(zhì)的熱力性質(zhì)。為方便分析各單工質(zhì)的汽車(chē)空調(diào)制冷循環(huán)性能,在編制熱力性質(zhì)計(jì)算程序的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用VS2010建立了理論循環(huán)計(jì)算平臺(tái)。經(jīng)驗(yàn)算比較,平臺(tái)的計(jì)算精度較高,滿足工程計(jì)算需求。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)比了各工質(zhì)與R134a的循環(huán)性能差異。通過(guò)比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)R1234yf有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)直接灌注式替代且獲得了工質(zhì)的可能配比方案。本文使用RKS、PR、MH-81方程結(jié)合多種混合法則建立了混合工質(zhì)的熱物性模型。在對(duì)各二元混合物模型的VLE計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較后,根據(jù)計(jì)算精度和穩(wěn)定性選取由PR+vdW建立的熱物性模型分析混合物的氣液相平衡特性。分析發(fā)現(xiàn),R1234yf/R134a、R1234yf/R600a、R1234ze(E)/R600a、R1234yf/R134a/R152a、R1234yf/R134a/R600a為共沸混合物;R1234yf/R152a、R1234ze(E)/R152a為近共沸混合物;R1234yf/R32為非共沸混合物。之后,結(jié)合余函數(shù)法計(jì)算出混合工質(zhì)的熱力性質(zhì)。為獲得混合工質(zhì)的理論循環(huán)性能,本文在單工質(zhì)循環(huán)計(jì)算程序的基礎(chǔ)上編制了混合工質(zhì)的制冷循環(huán)計(jì)算程序。通過(guò)對(duì)不同摩爾組分比下混合工質(zhì)的泡、露點(diǎn)壓力、在汽車(chē)空調(diào)典型工況下的循環(huán)性能和GWP設(shè)定篩選條件,確定適宜摩爾組分比范圍。然后,將處于適宜摩爾組分比范圍的混合工質(zhì)的循環(huán)性能與R134a和R1234yf進(jìn)行比較,得出R1234yf/R134a(0.89/0.11)、R1234yf/R152a(0.80/0.20)、R1234yf/R134a/R152a(0.71/0.12/0.17)、R1234yf/R134a/R600a(0.74/0.21/0.05)具有較高的直接替代R134a的潛力,且其COP高于R1234yf。最后,通過(guò)比較混合工質(zhì)制冷系統(tǒng)的性能與過(guò)冷度、過(guò)熱度及冷凝溫度的關(guān)系,指出替換工質(zhì)在制冷系統(tǒng)中提高性能的優(yōu)化途徑。
[Abstract]:From the F-gas regulation proposed by the European Union in 2006 and its revision in 2014 (no 517 / 2014), it can be seen that more attention has been paid to the control of the refrigerant GWP. Since China is the largest producer and consumer of HCFCs in the world, the GWP values of traditional HCFCs substitute refrigerants such as R134aC410ANR407C are higher. It has become one of the important tasks of the sustainable development strategy in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning in China to find green environmental alternative refrigerants. In this paper, taking R134a commonly used in automobile air conditioning as an example to study the substitution theory of the mixed working fluid, the thermodynamic properties of R134a1 / R1234yfU R1234ze (E) / R32C / R152a / R600a and its mixture are analyzed in terms of thermodynamic properties of R134a, R1234yfU, R1234ze (E) and its mixture. According to the differential equation of thermodynamics, the thermodynamic properties of each working medium are obtained by using CSD MH equation combined with saturated liquid density equation, saturated vapor pressure equation and ideal gas specific heat equation. In order to analyze the performance of automobile air conditioning refrigeration cycle with single working fluid, a theoretical cycle calculation platform was established by using VS2010 on the basis of compiling the calculation program of thermodynamic properties. Compared with empirical calculation, the accuracy of the platform is high, which meets the need of engineering calculation. On the basis of this, the cyclic performance of each working fluid is compared with that of R134a. By comparison, it is found that R1234yf is helpful to realize the direct perfusion substitution and to obtain the possible formula of the working medium. In this paper, the thermal physical properties model of mixed working fluids is established by using RKSU PRN MH-81 equation and several mixing laws. After comparing the VLE calculation results of the binary mixture models, the vapor-liquid equilibrium characteristics of the mixture are analyzed according to the accuracy and stability of the calculation. The thermal physical properties model established by PR VDW is selected to analyze the equilibrium characteristics of the mixture. The analysis found that R1234yfr / R1234yf / R600av R1234ze (E) R1234yfr / R1234yfr / R1234yfr / R1234yfr / R134aR600a is an azeotropic mixture, R1234yf / R152a (E) / R152a is a nonazeotropic mixture, R1234yrr32 is a non-azeotropic mixture. After that, the thermodynamic properties of the mixed working fluid are calculated by using the residual function method. In order to obtain the theoretical cycle performance of the mixed working fluid, the calculation program of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed working fluid is compiled on the basis of the calculation program of the single working fluid cycle. The suitable range of mole ratio was determined by setting the conditions of selection of foam, dew point pressure, cycle performance and GWP under typical working conditions of automobile air conditioning system under different molar fraction ratios. Then, by comparing the cycle performance of the mixed working fluid in the appropriate molar ratio range with R134a and R1234yf, it is concluded that R1234yfr / R134a (0.89 / 0.11) R1234yfP / R152a (0.80 / 0.20) / R1234yfP / R134a / R152a (0.71r / 0.120.17) / R1234yf / R134a / R600a (0.74 / 0.21 / 0.05) has a higher potential to replace R134a directly, and its cop is higher than that of R1234yfR / R1234yf. Finally, by comparing the relationship between the performance of mixed refrigerant refrigeration system and supercooling degree, superheat degree and condensing temperature, the optimized way to improve the performance of refrigerant in refrigeration system is pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U463.851;TB64

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