本文選題：掌上超聲成像 + B超前端��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：超聲成像具有無損傷成像、實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)成像、成像系統(tǒng)簡潔等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),在遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療和戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)療等方面有著十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。芯片集成度的提高,功耗的降低使得掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)成為可能。目前掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)正朝著無線化和人機(jī)交互友好化兩個(gè)方向發(fā)展,國內(nèi)掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)發(fā)展迅速,但前端系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)立自主設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)仍然薄弱。在此背景下,本課題對(duì)掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)的前端進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn),在降低超聲成像設(shè)備成本的同時(shí),為掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)的國產(chǎn)化積累研發(fā)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。本課題設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一款32通道掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)前端的數(shù)據(jù)采集及信號(hào)處理算法。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)功能,查閱相關(guān)資料,確定了以ZYNQ、HDL6M06531和MAX2082為核心芯片、通過Wi-Fi傳輸數(shù)據(jù)和無線充電的整體系統(tǒng)硬件方案,同時(shí)確定了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的性能指標(biāo):分辨率、尺寸和系統(tǒng)功耗。針對(duì)選則的芯片,依次對(duì)換能器陣元匹配電路、超聲收發(fā)相關(guān)電路、ZYNQ相關(guān)電路和電源電路的原理圖進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)多層印制電路板的設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)則、層疊和布局,完成了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)主體功能的8層核心電路板的設(shè)計(jì)。按照超聲成像的邏輯順序,利用FPGA依次實(shí)現(xiàn)了陣元的整序控制、電子聚焦、數(shù)字波束合成和數(shù)字解調(diào)等超聲信號(hào)處理算法,并通過狀態(tài)機(jī)將各個(gè)模塊按順序串聯(lián)起來,構(gòu)成完整的超聲成像算法系統(tǒng)體系。針對(duì)這些算法,給出了實(shí)現(xiàn)的流程和仿真結(jié)果,并對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。按照電路功能和工作順序,對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)硬件電路中的電源電路、ZYNQ、HDL6M06531和MAX2082進(jìn)行了調(diào)試,調(diào)試結(jié)果與預(yù)期一致。在完成硬件電路調(diào)試的基礎(chǔ)上,按照先接收后發(fā)射的順序,對(duì)數(shù)字波束合成、數(shù)字解調(diào)、陣元的整序控制、電子聚焦和狀態(tài)機(jī)等各個(gè)模塊逐一調(diào)試。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的前端系統(tǒng)在保證成像質(zhì)量的同時(shí),縮小了整個(gè)設(shè)備的尺寸,提高了超聲成像設(shè)備的集成度和穩(wěn)定性,優(yōu)化了超聲信號(hào)處理算法,降低了系統(tǒng)的功耗,為多通道多功能無線掌上超聲成像系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)和實(shí)現(xiàn)探索出方向。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic imaging has many advantages, such as no damage imaging, real-time dynamic imaging, simple imaging system and so on. It has a very broad application prospect in telemedicine and field medicine. With the improvement of chip integration and the reduction of power consumption, the realization of handheld ultrasonic imaging system is possible. At present, the handheld ultrasonic imaging system is developing towards the direction of wireless and human-computer interaction friendly. The domestic ultrasonic imaging system is developing rapidly, but the independent design and implementation technology of the front-end system is still weak. Under this background, this paper designs and implements the front end of the ultrasonic imaging system on the palmtop, while reducing the cost of the ultrasonic imaging equipment, it accumulates the research and development experience and the technical foundation for the localization of the ultrasonic imaging system on the palm of the hand at the same time. This paper designs and implements a 32-channel ultrasonic imaging system front-end data acquisition and signal processing algorithm. According to the function of the system, referring to the related data, the hardware scheme of the whole system, which uses ZYNQY HDL6M06531 and MAX2082 as the core chip, transmitting data through Wi-Fi and wireless charging, is determined, and the performance indexes of the whole system are determined: resolution, size and system power consumption. The principle diagram of transducer array element matching circuit ultrasonic transceiver correlation circuit ZYNQ correlator circuit and power supply circuit are designed for the selected chip. On this basis, according to the design rules, stacking and layout of the multi-layer printed circuit board, the design of the 8-layer core circuit board of the main function of the whole system is completed. According to the logical sequence of ultrasonic imaging, the ultrasonic signal processing algorithms such as array element sequence control, electronic focusing, digital beam synthesis and digital demodulation are realized by FPGA in turn, and each module is connected in sequence by state machine. A complete system of ultrasonic imaging algorithm is constructed. In view of these algorithms, the implementation flow and simulation results are given, and the simulation results are analyzed. According to the function and working sequence of the circuit, the power supply circuit of the whole system hardware circuit is debugged, and the debugging results are in accordance with the expectation. On the basis of hardware circuit debugging, every module of digital beam synthesis, digital demodulation, array element sequence control, electronic focusing and state machine are debugged one by one according to the order of receiving and then transmitting. The front-end system designed in this paper not only guarantees the imaging quality, but also reduces the size of the whole equipment, improves the integration and stability of the ultrasonic imaging equipment, optimizes the ultrasonic signal processing algorithm, and reduces the power consumption of the system. To explore the direction for the development and implementation of multi-channel multi-function wireless palmtop ultrasonic imaging system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41;TB559

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