發(fā)布時間：2018-04-21 02:09

  本文選題：地質災害 + 應急處置�。� 參考：《中國地質大學(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：突發(fā)地質災害事件應急響應具有社會聚焦性和時間緊迫性,處置決策離不開科學高效的技術支撐,數(shù)值模擬技術具有成本低、效率高、且能夠方便考慮多種不同工況等優(yōu)勢,本文開展了數(shù)值模擬技術在滑坡地質災害應急處置中的專門研究,以期有助于提升科學防災減災能力,為地質災害應急工作提供指導。本文通過文獻分析、滑坡應急案例調研和九里滑坡災情實證研究等三方面研究論證了數(shù)值模擬技術在滑坡地質災害應急處置中的應用基礎、應用過程和應用前景,本文的主要研究內容及成果如下:(1)通過綜合分析大量前人研究成果,闡述數(shù)值模擬在常規(guī)狀態(tài)地質災害穩(wěn)定性分析、滑坡機制分析和滑動過程推演中的應用狀況,明確了應急處置基本工作內容和技術需求;(2)統(tǒng)計分析近六年重大滑坡地質災害應急險情或災情的典型案例,結合應急響應基本流程和工作內容,得出常規(guī)狀態(tài)和應急情境下數(shù)值模擬技術條件的區(qū)別,明確應急數(shù)值模擬過程特點,提出應急數(shù)值模擬關鍵技術方法;(3)實證研究部分,以九里大型順層巖質滑坡為例,在對滑坡變形破壞特征及周邊工程地質條件現(xiàn)場調查和研究的基礎上,通過地質分析手段獲取區(qū)內滑坡體從緩慢變形到失穩(wěn)破壞全過程的基本信息,提出滑坡演變地質模型,指出滑坡破壞模式為“強降雨-入滲-巖體軟化-推拉”,屬典型的蠕滑-拉裂型巖質滑坡;(4)結合非連續(xù)變形分析方法(DDA)模擬真實時間和便于分析巖土體單元非連續(xù)變形的特點,建立非連續(xù)變形分析數(shù)值模型,對滑坡體穩(wěn)定性和滑動全過程進行數(shù)值模擬,結果表明,滑體滑動過程中最大水平位移約87m,峰值速度7m/s,滑距約38m,前緣堆積厚度53m,滑坡滑動過程持續(xù)時間70s左右,與應急調查結果相符;(5)對降雨弱化結構面強度參數(shù)影響滑坡滑距和速度進行敏感性分析,分析表明結構面內摩擦角φ對滑坡滑距和滑速影響顯著,粘聚力c對滑坡位移和速度影響有限,模擬得到的滑坡最大滑移速度和后緣最大滑動距離與野外調查相符。同時依據(jù)模擬結果和滑坡現(xiàn)場調查情況對滑坡應急處置提出建議。
[Abstract]:The emergency response to sudden geological disasters has the characteristics of social focus and urgency of time, and the decision of disposal cannot be separated from scientific and efficient technical support. Numerical simulation technology has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and convenient consideration of various working conditions. In this paper, the special research on the numerical simulation technology in the emergency treatment of landslide geological hazards is carried out, which is expected to help to improve the scientific ability of disaster prevention and mitigation and to provide guidance for the emergency work of geological disasters. Through literature analysis, case study of landslide emergency and demonstration study of landslide disaster situation in Jiuli, this paper demonstrates the application foundation, application process and application prospect of numerical simulation technology in landslide geological disaster emergency treatment. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) by synthetically analyzing a large number of previous research results, the application of numerical simulation in the analysis of the stability of geological hazards in conventional state, the analysis of landslide mechanism and the deduction of sliding process are expounded. The basic working contents and technical requirements of emergency disposal are defined and the typical cases of major landslide geological disasters in the past six years are analyzed statistically, and combined with the basic flow and work content of emergency response, The differences between the technical conditions of numerical simulation in conventional state and emergency situation are obtained, the characteristics of numerical simulation process of emergency are defined, and the key technical method of emergency numerical simulation is put forward in the part of empirical research. Taking the large bedding rock landslide in Jiuli as an example, Based on the field investigation and study on the deformation and failure characteristics of landslide and the surrounding engineering geological conditions, the basic information of the whole process of landslide deformation from slow deformation to instability failure is obtained by means of geological analysis, and a geological model of landslide evolution is proposed. It is pointed out that the failure mode of landslide is "strong rainfall, infiltration, softening of rock mass and push-pull". It is a typical creep-tension type rock landslide, which combines the discontinuous deformation analysis method with DDA) to simulate the real time and facilitate the analysis of discontinuous deformation of rock and soil elements, and to establish a numerical model for discontinuous deformation analysis. Numerical simulation of landslide stability and the whole sliding process shows that the maximum horizontal displacement is about 87 m, the peak velocity is about 7 m / s, the slip distance is about 38 m, the thickness of the front edge is 53 m, and the duration of the slide process is about 70 s. In accordance with the results of emergency investigation, the sensitivity analysis on the influence of intensity parameters of rainfall weakening structural plane on landslide slip distance and velocity is carried out. The analysis shows that the friction angle 蠁 of structure plane has a significant effect on landslide slip distance and sliding speed. The cohesive force c has a limited effect on the displacement and velocity of the landslide. The maximum slip velocity and the maximum slip distance of the rear edge of the landslide obtained by the simulation are consistent with the field investigation. At the same time, based on the results of simulation and site investigation of landslide, some suggestions on landslide emergency disposal are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.22

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本文編號：1780455