本文選題：海岸線 + 角度—距離相似度��； 參考：《遙感學報》2017年03期

【摘要】：海岸線變遷是沿海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)變化的重要指示因子,是國家海洋經(jīng)濟關(guān)注的重要組成部分。本文通過構(gòu)建光譜角度—距離相似度模型,解決HJ-1B/IRS紅外傳感器在海岸線自動化提取應用中的可行性問題,以及當前方法應用于不同時相數(shù)據(jù)過程中的閾值不穩(wěn)定性問題,拓展IRS傳感器的應用領(lǐng)域和價值。光譜角度—距離相似度模型以多光譜像元歸一化輻射值為向量元素,度量不同像元在單位空間距離上的角度相似性,以迭代方式分析水體樣本像元與周邊八鄰域相鄰像元的角度—距離相似性,通過相似性約束對水體樣本進行區(qū)域生長以獲取水岸分界線。通道輻射歸一化分析表明采用反射率和量化等級最大值歸一化的通道值能很好地反映地物隨季節(jié)的變化;樣本相似度分析表明以水體和非水體相似度兩倍方差(0.01)為誤差的生長閾值(0.98)適用于全時相影像水岸線提取,總體精度優(yōu)于80%。驗證數(shù)據(jù)分析表明,角度—距離相似度模型閾值穩(wěn)定、不受時相影響。通過與常用的High Pass卷積濾波、Roberts卷積濾波、Sobel卷積濾波、Laplacian卷積濾波、FFT高通變換和Canny提取結(jié)果比對分析表明,High Pass、Laplacian和FFT變換無法應用于IRS傳感器,Roberts和Sobel相對來說能較好的識別水陸邊緣,Canny在正常噪聲條件下也能有效識別水陸邊緣。但這些算法在識別水陸邊緣線的同時,也將內(nèi)陸地物邊緣線進行了識別,如何將內(nèi)陸地物邊緣線從識別結(jié)果中有效去除,是這些方面所面臨的重要難點。比較而言,角—距相似度模型能很好的應用于IRS傳感器的海岸線提取,對傳感器的噪聲并不敏感,在B4通道非正常水平噪聲條件下也能提取出理想結(jié)果,而且后續(xù)處理簡單,不存在內(nèi)陸邊緣線的干擾問題。光譜角度—距離相似度模型對海岸線識別精度較高、模型參數(shù)穩(wěn)定,能有效地提升IRS傳感器在海岸線提取方面應用價值。在實際應用過程中需要避免的是,既覆蓋陸地又覆蓋海洋的云團會遮擋地物光譜信息,造成海岸線無法有效分離,因此需要對影像數(shù)據(jù)進行有效的篩選。本文基于遙感影像提取的海岸線只是瞬時水邊線,需要進一步結(jié)合海岸線的類型以及潮位數(shù)據(jù)和DEM等數(shù)據(jù)進行修正得到最終的海岸線。
[Abstract]:Coastline change is an important indicator of coastal ecosystem change and an important component of national marine economy.In this paper, a spectral angle-distance similarity model is constructed to solve the feasibility problem of HJ-1B/IRS infrared sensor in the application of coastline automatic extraction, and the threshold instability problem in the process of applying the current method to different phase data.Expand the application field and value of IRS sensor.The spectral angle-distance similarity model takes the normalized radiation value of multi-spectral pixels as vector element to measure the angular similarity of different pixels in unit space distance.The angle-distance similarity between the water sample pixel and the adjacent pixel is analyzed by iterative method, and the water bank boundary is obtained by using the similarity constraint to grow the water sample in the region.The normalized channel radiation analysis shows that the normalized channel values with the maximum reflectivity and quantization grade can well reflect the variation of ground objects with seasons.The sample similarity analysis shows that the growth threshold (0.98), with the error of water body and non-water similarity double variance 0.01), is suitable for extracting the waterfront of full-time image, and the overall accuracy is better than 80%.The analysis of validation data shows that the threshold of angle-distance similarity model is stable and independent of temporal phase.Comparing the results of High Pass convolution filtering with that of High Pass convolutional filtering and Canny extraction results show that the high pass and FFT transform can not be applied to IRS sensors comparatively well.Canny can also be used to identify the sea and land edges effectively under normal noise conditions.However, these algorithms not only recognize the edge line of land and water, but also recognize the edge line of inland object. How to effectively remove the edge line of inland object from the recognition result is an important difficulty in these aspects.In comparison, the angle-distance similarity model can be applied to the coastline extraction of IRS sensor, and it is not sensitive to the noise of the sensor, and can extract the ideal results under the condition of abnormal horizontal noise in the B4 channel, and the subsequent processing is simple.There is no interference of the interior edge line.The spectral angle-distance similarity model has high accuracy for coastline recognition and stable model parameters. It can effectively enhance the application value of IRS sensor in coastline extraction.What needs to be avoided in the practical application is that the cloud covering both land and sea will block the spectral information of ground objects, which makes the coastline can not be separated effectively, so it is necessary to screen the image data effectively.In this paper, the coastline extracted from remote sensing image is only instantaneous waterfront, which needs to be further combined with the type of coastline, tidal level data and DEM data to get the final coastline.
【作者單位】： 江蘇省地質(zhì)調(diào)查研究院;中國科學院遙感與數(shù)字地球研究所;環(huán)境保護部衛(wèi)星環(huán)境應用中心;首都師范大學資源環(huán)境與旅游學院;西安歐亞學院建筑工程分院;黑龍江地理信息工程院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金(編號:41301388) 國家高分辨率對地觀測重大專項項目(編號:11-Y20A32-9001-15/17)~~
【分類號】：P715.7;TP79
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本文編號：1757617