本文選題：超聲換能器 + 超聲場測量　； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：醫(yī)用超聲換能器是生物醫(yī)學(xué)超聲工程技術(shù)中的重要組成部分。如何對醫(yī)用換能器的聲場特性和頻率特性進(jìn)行測量分析,一直都是技術(shù)研究的重點。隨著科技的進(jìn)步,在實際的醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用中,超聲設(shè)備經(jīng)歷了由單個換能器獨立工作,到多振元換能器聯(lián)合使用工作的過程。為了滿足對復(fù)雜超聲場測量和建模的要求,本文利用一套超聲場自動化測量和分析系統(tǒng),對復(fù)雜超聲場進(jìn)行測量,并推導(dǎo)出復(fù)雜超聲場聲壓分布的理論模型。本實驗中所用的超聲場自動化測量和分析系統(tǒng),是實驗室在經(jīng)過綜合研究后,自行研制開發(fā)的。機械運動方面以步進(jìn)電機作為驅(qū)動,使搭載水聽器的機械人能夠在水槽中沿X軸、Y軸和Z軸方向進(jìn)行直線掃描。在LabVIEW平臺,實現(xiàn)了聲場的單軸聲場掃描、三維聲場掃描等測量程序,以及對所采集數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實時保存和數(shù)據(jù)分析的聲場回放程序,將復(fù)雜超聲場在程序中進(jìn)行重建。數(shù)據(jù)以圖形的方式顯示,結(jié)果更加的直觀明顯,對換能器性能的評估與檢測也更加的方便。本文實驗所用換能器的中心頻率分別為1.5MHz、1.0MHz。保持實驗環(huán)境一致,待信號穩(wěn)定輸出后,先對單個自聚焦換能器進(jìn)行聲場特性和頻率特性的測量,將測量結(jié)果與理論模型進(jìn)行對比分析,在焦點位置,聲壓的實際測量值和理論值相比,誤差率為1.4%,證實了本套自動化測量和分析系統(tǒng)在聲場掃描方面的準(zhǔn)確性。然后設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了用于測量由兩個換能器組成的復(fù)雜聲場的實驗水槽,編寫相關(guān)LabVIEW測量程序。再根據(jù)空間內(nèi)坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換的原理,將空間內(nèi)任意一點分別在不同換能器的坐標(biāo)系中進(jìn)行表示,并將兩換能器在該點處的的聲壓值進(jìn)行疊加,推導(dǎo)出復(fù)雜超聲場重建的理論模型。利用本套自動化測量和分析系統(tǒng),對實驗中的復(fù)雜聲場進(jìn)行測量,經(jīng)過多次實驗,在焦點位置,聲壓的實際測量值和理論值相比,誤差率為2.9%,聲功率的實際測量值和理論值相比,誤差率為4.5%,驗證了理論模型正確性。利用該理論模型,為復(fù)雜超聲場的測量提供有效的理論基礎(chǔ),為超聲換能器的檢測和評估,提供了新的思路和方法。
[Abstract]:Medical ultrasonic transducer is an important part of biomedical ultrasonic engineering technology.How to measure and analyze the characteristics of sound field and frequency of medical transducers has always been the focus of technical research.With the development of science and technology, ultrasonic equipment has gone through the process of working independently from a single transducer to a combined use of a multi-vibration transducer in practical medical applications.In order to meet the requirements of measurement and modeling of complex ultrasonic field, a set of automatic ultrasonic field measurement and analysis system is used to measure the complex ultrasonic field, and the theoretical model of sound pressure distribution in complex ultrasonic field is deduced.The automatic measurement and analysis system of ultrasonic field used in this experiment was developed by the laboratory after comprehensive research.In the aspect of mechanical motion, the stepper motor is used to drive the hydrophone robot to scan straight line along the X axis Y axis and Z axis in the water tank.On the LabVIEW platform, the measurement programs such as uniaxial sound field scanning, 3D sound field scanning, and sound field playback program for real-time storage and data analysis of the collected data are realized. The complex ultrasonic field is reconstructed in the program.The data are displayed graphically, the results are more visual and obvious, and it is more convenient to evaluate and detect the performance of the transducer.The central frequencies of the transducers used in this paper are 1.5 MHz and 1.0 MHz, respectively.After the steady output of the signal, the sound field and frequency characteristics of a single self-focusing transducer are measured, and the measured results are compared with the theoretical model, and the results are compared with the theoretical model.Compared with the theoretical value, the error rate of the sound pressure measurement is 1.4, which proves the accuracy of the automatic measurement and analysis system in acoustic field scanning.Then the experimental tank for measuring the complex sound field composed of two transducers is designed and implemented, and the related LabVIEW measurement program is written.According to the principle of coordinate transformation in space, any point in the space is represented in the coordinate system of different transducers, and the sound pressure values of the two transducers at this point are superposed, and the theoretical model of complex ultrasonic field reconstruction is deduced.Using this automatic measurement and analysis system, the complex sound field in the experiment is measured. After many experiments, the actual measurement value of the sound pressure is compared with the theoretical value in the focus position.The error rate is 2.9. Compared with the theoretical value, the error rate of the measured acoustic power is 4.5, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical model.The theoretical model provides an effective theoretical basis for the measurement of complex ultrasonic fields, and a new idea and method for the detection and evaluation of ultrasonic transducers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB552

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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