本文選題：主動(dòng)約束層阻尼　切入點(diǎn)：有限元法　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：主動(dòng)約束層阻尼（Active Constrained Layer Damping,ACLD）技術(shù)是以智能壓電材料代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)約束層阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)中的約束層，通過壓電約束層主動(dòng)控制粘彈性材料的剪切變形，達(dá)到主動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)能量耗散的目的。它是一種典型的主、被動(dòng)一體化振動(dòng)控制方法，在結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)控制方面展示了極其廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文采用有限元法，建立主動(dòng)約束層阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，引用GHM模型描述粘彈性材料的力學(xué)性能，通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，提出了主動(dòng)約束層阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)控制方法。論文主要工作內(nèi)容如下： ①基于彈性、粘彈性和壓電材料的本構(gòu)關(guān)系，以GHM模型表征粘彈性材料隨頻率變化的力學(xué)特性，并與有限元法相結(jié)合，利用Hamilton原理和虛功方程，建立了平面薄板的主動(dòng)約束層阻尼動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。 ②采用GHM模型與有限元方法結(jié)合建立的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型自由度龐大，不利于控制器設(shè)計(jì)。利用高精度動(dòng)力縮聚法和平衡降階法相結(jié)合的聯(lián)合降階法對建立的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行降階處理，獲得了自由度維數(shù)低、具備可控性、可觀性特點(diǎn)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。通過對比降階前后的固有特性，證明了降階方法的正確性。 ③考慮壓電材料的機(jī)電耦合效應(yīng)，對局部覆蓋ACLD結(jié)構(gòu)的懸臂板進(jìn)行主動(dòng)振動(dòng)控制研究，，設(shè)計(jì)了PD控制器和混合靈敏度H魯棒控制器，并進(jìn)行了理論仿真分析。研究表明：ACLD結(jié)構(gòu)具有良好的作動(dòng)能力和較強(qiáng)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)抑制能力；采用相同的控制電壓，基于混合靈敏度H魯棒控制算法的ACLD結(jié)構(gòu)減振效果更好，且具備良好的魯棒性。 ④對主動(dòng)約束層阻尼板進(jìn)行了模態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)和振動(dòng)主動(dòng)控制實(shí)驗(yàn)。測試了懸臂ACLD板的模態(tài)，驗(yàn)證了本文建立的有限元?jiǎng)恿W(xué)模型的正確性；以ACLD板為研究對象，采用混合靈敏度H魯棒控制方法，完成了基于dSPACE系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)反饋控制，實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了控制器設(shè)計(jì)的有效性。
[Abstract]:Active Constrained Layer damping (ACLD) technology uses intelligent piezoelectric material to replace the constrained layer in the traditional constrained layer damping structure, and the shear deformation of viscoelastic material is controlled by the piezoelectric constrained layer actively.To achieve the purpose of actively regulating the vibration energy dissipation of the structure.It is a typical active and passive integrated vibration control method, which shows a very broad application prospect in structural vibration control.In this paper, the dynamic model of active constrained layer damping structure is established by using finite element method, and the mechanical properties of viscoelastic material are described by GHM model. The vibration control method of active constrained layer damping structure is proposed by simulation and experimental research.The main contents of the thesis are as follows:1 based on the constitutive relations of elastic, viscoelastic and piezoelectric materials, the GHM model is used to characterize the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials varying with the frequency, and combined with the finite element method, the Hamilton principle and the virtual work equation are used.A dynamic model of active constrained layer damping for planar thin plates is established.(2) the system dynamics model based on GHM model and finite element method has a large degree of freedom, which is unfavorable to the controller design.The dynamic model is reduced by the combination of high precision dynamic condensation method and equilibrium reduction method. The dynamic model with low degree of freedom dimension, controllability and observability is obtained.The correctness of the order reduction method is proved by comparing the inherent characteristics before and after reduction.(3) considering the electromechanical coupling effect of piezoelectric materials, active vibration control of cantilever plate with partially covered ACLD structure is studied. PD controller and H robust controller with mixed sensitivity are designed, and theoretical simulation is carried out.The results show that the ACLD structure with the same control voltage and mixed sensitivity H-robust control algorithm has better vibration reduction performance and better robustness.(4) Modal experiment and vibration active control experiment of the damping plate with active restraint layer are carried out.The modal of the cantilever ACLD plate is tested to verify the correctness of the finite element dynamic model established in this paper. Taking the ACLD plate as the research object, the closed-loop feedback control based on the dSPACE system is completed by using the mixed sensitivity H-robust control method.The effectiveness of the controller design is verified by experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1;U462

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