本文選題：網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTK　切入點(diǎn)：復(fù)雜環(huán)境　出處：《山東科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTK在的工程測(cè)量過程中極其重要的作用。在實(shí)際測(cè)量中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到環(huán)境因素對(duì)信號(hào)的遮擋,造成定位精度下降,本文利用泰安市高新技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)的大量實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),針對(duì)建筑物附近、樹木以及高壓線下等因素,做了大量實(shí)驗(yàn)[1],主要研究容如下:(1)選擇泰安市一天門大街道路單側(cè)樹林測(cè)區(qū),對(duì)樹木下、樹木旁、樹林中三個(gè)環(huán)境下的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,對(duì)這三種環(huán)境下測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的內(nèi)外符合精度的對(duì)比,得出結(jié)論。當(dāng)在樹木下測(cè)量時(shí),初始化一段時(shí)間內(nèi)只能獲得浮點(diǎn)解或者差分解,平面精度均大于0.2m,隨著時(shí)間推移,衛(wèi)星運(yùn)動(dòng)模糊度被確定,隨后的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)根據(jù)內(nèi)外符合精度分析得,平面方向可以控制在3cm左右,高程5cm左右,滿足一般工程測(cè)量要求。當(dāng)在樹木旁邊測(cè)量時(shí)隨著距離的增加,觀測(cè)點(diǎn)受影響程度逐漸降低。在樹林中,很難測(cè)得固定解。主要為單點(diǎn)解,平面誤差上升至米級(jí),不滿足一般工程測(cè)量需要求。(2)通過研究建筑物對(duì)測(cè)量結(jié)果的影響實(shí)驗(yàn)分析。得出了在只有一側(cè)有建筑物的情況下,接收機(jī)與建筑物頂端的連線與建筑物所成夾角是影響定位精度的關(guān)鍵,當(dāng)夾角小于9.5°時(shí),無法獲得可靠觀測(cè)解;在兩側(cè)都有建筑物的情況下,特別的,當(dāng)建筑物高度大于兩建筑物距離2倍關(guān)系時(shí),這個(gè)觀測(cè)角度應(yīng)至少保證在15°以上,才能保證精度可靠穩(wěn)定。(3)通過研究高壓線下對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTK的影響,點(diǎn)位誤差統(tǒng)計(jì)分析得出結(jié)論。第一,高壓線對(duì)定位的影響程度要小于建筑物遮擋與樹木遮擋,即使在高壓線下固定解精度仍可保持在平面3cm左右,高程5cm左右,但在正午期間這個(gè)精度要相對(duì)較低。第二,通過數(shù)據(jù)分離發(fā)現(xiàn)固定解也分等級(jí),正午期間的固定解平面均在3-4cm之間而早晨與傍晚時(shí)分固定解平面精度均在0-3cm之間,所以在高壓線下測(cè)量時(shí)為保證高精度應(yīng)盡量避免在正午期間觀測(cè)。
[Abstract]:The network RTK plays an extremely important role in the engineering survey process. In the actual measurement, the environmental factors often block the signal, which results in the decrease of the positioning accuracy. In this paper, a large number of measured data from the Taian High-Tech Development Zone are used. A large number of experiments have been carried out in the vicinity of buildings, trees and under high-voltage lines [1]. The main research contents are as follows: (1) A forest survey area on one side of Yitianmen Street Road in Tai'an City was selected. The experimental study was carried out under trees, beside trees, and in three environments, namely, trees, trees, and trees. The conclusion is drawn from the comparison of the internal and external coincidence accuracy of the measured data in these three environments. When measuring under trees, only floating-point solutions or differential decomposition can be obtained in the initial period of time, and the plane accuracy is more than 0.2 m.The plane accuracy is more than 0.2 m, and over time, The ambiguity of satellite motion is determined. According to the accuracy analysis of internal and external coincidence, the plane direction can be controlled around 3cm, and the elevation 5cm can be controlled. Meet the requirements of general engineering survey. When measuring next to trees, the influence degree of observation point decreases gradually with the increase of distance. In the forest, it is very difficult to measure the fixed solution. The main solution is single point solution, and the plane error rises to meter level. Through the experimental analysis of the influence of the building on the survey results, it is concluded that in the case of only one side of the building, there is only one side of the building. The angle between the receiver and the top of the building is the key to the positioning accuracy. When the angle is less than 9.5 擄, the reliable observation solution can not be obtained. When the height of the building is 2 times greater than the distance between the two buildings, the observation angle should be at least 15 擄above, so as to ensure the accuracy, reliability and stability.) the influence of the high voltage line on the RTK of the network is studied. First, the influence of high voltage line on location is smaller than that of building and tree, even if the precision of fixed solution can be maintained at the level of 3cm or 5cm under the high voltage line, the results are as follows: (1) the influence of high voltage line on location is lower than that of building and tree. However, the accuracy is relatively low during noon. Secondly, the fixed solution plane is found to be graded by data separation. The fixed solution plane during noon is between 3-4cm and the fixed solution plane accuracy is between 0-3cm in the morning and evening. Therefore, in order to ensure high accuracy under the high voltage line, we should avoid observation during noon as far as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB22

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本文編號(hào)：1653213