燃煤熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)熱源優(yōu)化配置研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-26 20:57
【摘要】：近年來(lái)，區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)在我國(guó)供熱系統(tǒng)中所占的比例逐步提高，，同時(shí)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組作為一種主要的熱源形式在區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。機(jī)組設(shè)備的類型、容量和性能都在變化，但對(duì)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)熱源的優(yōu)化配置、規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究存在一定的滯后，特別是熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)的熱化系數(shù)，未能隨著熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組的性能變化從理論上給出確定方法。本文針對(duì)燃煤熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)，通過(guò)節(jié)能性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析，對(duì)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)的最佳熱化系數(shù)與熱源優(yōu)化配置進(jìn)行了研究。 首先，論文分析比較了國(guó)內(nèi)外常用的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)能耗評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)，其中一次能源相對(duì)節(jié)約率和不可逆損失相對(duì)減少率這兩個(gè)指標(biāo)更適于表示熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)相對(duì)于熱電分產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能效果，建議引入到我國(guó)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系中，并建立了熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)熱源的一次能源相對(duì)節(jié)約率和不可逆損失相對(duì)減少率計(jì)算數(shù)學(xué)模型。 第二，建立了凝汽供暖兩用型和背壓式熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組的熱力系統(tǒng)模型。針對(duì)不同型號(hào)的機(jī)組，確定了熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組總能耗、發(fā)電功率與機(jī)組供熱能力之間的關(guān)系。對(duì)于凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組，采用正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)影響熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組綜 4個(gè)主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了因素分析。結(jié)果表明：對(duì)綜合熱效率影響最大的因素是汽輪機(jī)進(jìn)汽量和供熱抽汽量，而對(duì)最大的是供熱抽汽壓力。分別以一次能源相對(duì)節(jié)約率和不可逆損失相對(duì)減少率作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)，對(duì)凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組的熱力特性進(jìn)行分析，提出了節(jié)能最小抽汽比的概念。對(duì)于NC145、NC200和NC300機(jī)組，基于一次能源相對(duì)節(jié)約率和不可逆損失相對(duì)減少率的節(jié)能最小抽汽比在0.14~0.2之間。 第三，基于一次能源相對(duì)節(jié)約率，建立了熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)節(jié)能性熱化系數(shù)優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。對(duì)于凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組，供暖氣象參數(shù)和區(qū)域鍋爐熱效率對(duì)最佳熱化系數(shù)的影響較大。以2臺(tái)NC300為基本熱源時(shí)，寒冷A區(qū)的節(jié)能性最佳熱化系數(shù)取值范圍為0.57~0.7，寒冷B區(qū)為0.66~0.73；嚴(yán)寒A區(qū)為0.53~0.62，嚴(yán)寒B區(qū)為0.55~0.65，嚴(yán)寒C區(qū)為0.57~0.65。區(qū)域鍋爐熱效率對(duì)最佳熱化系數(shù)的影響有限，以區(qū)域鍋爐平均熱效率70%時(shí)最佳熱化系數(shù)作為最終結(jié)果是可以接受的。對(duì)于背壓式機(jī)組，機(jī)組型號(hào)對(duì)最佳熱化系數(shù)影響不大，氣象參數(shù)的影響也不如對(duì)凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組那么明顯。僅有供暖熱負(fù)荷時(shí)，機(jī)組臺(tái)數(shù)對(duì)熱化系數(shù)的影響較大，機(jī)組臺(tái)數(shù)從2臺(tái)增加到4臺(tái)，最佳熱化系數(shù)也逐漸增大，從0.74~0.89變?yōu)?.84~0.94。對(duì)于B80機(jī)組，考慮了常年性熱負(fù)荷之后，寒冷地區(qū)的最佳熱化系數(shù)在[0.6,0.7]之間，且與供暖室外計(jì)算溫度高度相關(guān)，常年性熱負(fù)荷比越大，最佳熱化系數(shù)越大。嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的最佳熱化系數(shù)在[0.5,0.65]之間，與供暖室外計(jì)算溫度及常年性熱負(fù)荷比相關(guān)性小。 第四，建立了熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)性熱化系數(shù)優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機(jī)組供熱成本分?jǐn)偙仁谴_定熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)供熱成本的關(guān)鍵因素。在已有的分?jǐn)偡椒ɑA(chǔ)上，本文提出了改進(jìn)的熱電聯(lián)合法，并以該方法作為供熱成本分?jǐn)偟囊罁?jù)。常見(jiàn)的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱系統(tǒng)熱源中，供熱固定成本最高的是凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組，最低的是燃煤鍋爐；而可變成本最高的是燃煤鍋爐，最低的是背壓式機(jī)組。從經(jīng)濟(jì)性角度來(lái)看，大容量凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)性優(yōu)于小容量機(jī)組，而小容量背壓式機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)性卻好于大容量背壓式機(jī)組。總體而言，背壓式機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)性要優(yōu)于凝汽供暖兩用型機(jī)組。NC300和B80機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)性最佳熱化系數(shù)的變化范圍分別為0.65~0.86和0.57~0.8。 最后，應(yīng)用上述研究成果，針對(duì)一實(shí)際熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)區(qū)域供熱項(xiàng)目，對(duì)供熱系統(tǒng)能耗現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，同時(shí)對(duì)供熱系統(tǒng)遠(yuǎn)期規(guī)劃的熱源配置進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the proportion of the regional heating system in the heating system of our country has been gradually increased, and the application of the cogeneration unit as a main heat source in the regional heating system is becoming more and more extensive. The type, the capacity and the performance of the unit equipment are changing, but the optimization of the heat source of the heat supply system in the cogeneration area has a certain lag, in particular the thermalization coefficient of the heat supply system in the cogeneration area, The method of determining the performance of the cogeneration unit has not been given theoretically. Based on the energy-saving and economic analysis of the heat-supply system of the coal-fired cogeneration zone, the optimal heat-heating coefficient and the optimal configuration of the heat-source are studied by the energy-saving and economic analysis. First, the paper analyzes the energy consumption evaluation index of the cogeneration system, which is commonly used at home and abroad, among which, the two indexes of the relative reduction rate and the irreversible loss of the energy-saving energy are more suitable to represent the energy-saving effect of the cogeneration system with respect to the thermoelectric power distribution system. The results and suggestions are introduced in the evaluation index system of the cogeneration system of our country, and the mathematical model of the relative reduction rate and the relative reduction rate of the non-reversible loss of the heat source of the heat source of the heat supply system in the cogeneration area is established. Type II. The thermal system of the condensing and steam heating type and back pressure type cogeneration unit is established. Series model. For units of different models, the total energy consumption of the cogeneration unit, the power generation power and the heating capacity of the unit are determined. For condensing steam heating type units, the orthogonal test design method is adopted to influence the heat and power of the heat and power plant. The main parameters of the overall 4 main parameters of the production unit The results show that the most important factors to the integrated thermal efficiency are the steam inlet and the steam extraction, and the maximum is for the supply of steam. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of the condensing steam heating unit are analyzed by using the relative reduction of the relative saving rate and the irreversible loss of the condensing energy as the evaluation index, and the energy-saving minimum extraction is put forward. The concept of steam-to-gas ratio. For NC145, NC200 and NC300 units, the energy-saving minimum extraction ratio based on the relative reduction of the energy-saving rate and the irreversible loss of the primary energy is 0.14 ~ "0.2. Third, based on the relative saving rate of energy-saving energy, the energy-saving and thermalization system of the heat supply system of the cogeneration zone is established." The mathematical model of the number is optimized. The thermal efficiency of the heating and meteorological parameters and the thermal efficiency of the regional boiler is the best for the condensing and heating type units. When two NC300 is the basic heat source, the optimum temperature-saving coefficient of the cold-A zone is 0.57-0.7, the cold-B area is 0.66-0.73, the cold-A zone is 0.53-0.62, the cold-B area is 0.55-0.65, and the cold-C area is 0. 57-0.65. The effect of the thermal efficiency of the regional boiler on the optimal thermalization coefficient is limited, and the optimal thermalization coefficient is the most end when the average thermal efficiency of the regional boiler is 70%. The fruit is acceptable. For the back pressure type unit, the model of the unit has little influence on the optimal thermalization coefficient, and the influence of the meteorological parameters is not as good as the steam heating and heating. In the case of heat load only, the number of units has a large influence on the thermalization coefficient, the number of units increases from 2 to 4, and the optimum thermalization coefficient is gradually increased, from 0.74 to 0.89 to 0. 84-0.94. For B80 units, after the normal annual thermal load is considered, the optimal thermalization coefficient in the cold area is between[0.6, 0.7] and is highly correlated with the heating outdoor calculation temperature. The higher the normal annual thermal load ratio, the more The greater the thermal coefficient, the greater the optimum thermalization coefficient in the severe cold area. Fourth, the economic heat of the heat supply system of the cogeneration zone is established. The mathematical model of the optimization of the heat supply cost of the cogeneration unit. The ratio of the heat supply cost of the cogeneration unit is to determine the cogeneration system. The key factors of the cost of heat supply are as follows: on the basis of the existing apportionment method, the improved thermoelectric combination method is put forward, and the method is used as the basis of this method. according to the heat supply cost sharing basis, in the common heat supply system heat source of the cogeneration area, the heating fixed cost is the highest, the condensing steam heating type unit is the lowest, the coal-fired boiler is the lowest, and the variable cost is the highest in the coal-fired boiler, The lowest is the back pressure unit. From the economical point of view, the economy of the high-capacity condensing steam heating unit is better than that of the small-capacity unit, while the economy of the small-capacity back-pressure unit is good. In general, the economy of the back pressure unit is superior to that of the high-capacity back-pressure unit. The variation range of the optimal heat-heating coefficient of the NC300 and B80 units is 0.65-0.86, respectively. and finally, applying the research results, evaluating the current situation of the energy consumption of the heat supply system according to the heat supply project of an actual cogeneration area, and simultaneously,
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU995
本文編號(hào)：2506489
[Abstract]:In recent years, the proportion of the regional heating system in the heating system of our country has been gradually increased, and the application of the cogeneration unit as a main heat source in the regional heating system is becoming more and more extensive. The type, the capacity and the performance of the unit equipment are changing, but the optimization of the heat source of the heat supply system in the cogeneration area has a certain lag, in particular the thermalization coefficient of the heat supply system in the cogeneration area, The method of determining the performance of the cogeneration unit has not been given theoretically. Based on the energy-saving and economic analysis of the heat-supply system of the coal-fired cogeneration zone, the optimal heat-heating coefficient and the optimal configuration of the heat-source are studied by the energy-saving and economic analysis. First, the paper analyzes the energy consumption evaluation index of the cogeneration system, which is commonly used at home and abroad, among which, the two indexes of the relative reduction rate and the irreversible loss of the energy-saving energy are more suitable to represent the energy-saving effect of the cogeneration system with respect to the thermoelectric power distribution system. The results and suggestions are introduced in the evaluation index system of the cogeneration system of our country, and the mathematical model of the relative reduction rate and the relative reduction rate of the non-reversible loss of the heat source of the heat source of the heat supply system in the cogeneration area is established. Type II. The thermal system of the condensing and steam heating type and back pressure type cogeneration unit is established. Series model. For units of different models, the total energy consumption of the cogeneration unit, the power generation power and the heating capacity of the unit are determined. For condensing steam heating type units, the orthogonal test design method is adopted to influence the heat and power of the heat and power plant. The main parameters of the overall 4 main parameters of the production unit The results show that the most important factors to the integrated thermal efficiency are the steam inlet and the steam extraction, and the maximum is for the supply of steam. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of the condensing steam heating unit are analyzed by using the relative reduction of the relative saving rate and the irreversible loss of the condensing energy as the evaluation index, and the energy-saving minimum extraction is put forward. The concept of steam-to-gas ratio. For NC145, NC200 and NC300 units, the energy-saving minimum extraction ratio based on the relative reduction of the energy-saving rate and the irreversible loss of the primary energy is 0.14 ~ "0.2. Third, based on the relative saving rate of energy-saving energy, the energy-saving and thermalization system of the heat supply system of the cogeneration zone is established." The mathematical model of the number is optimized. The thermal efficiency of the heating and meteorological parameters and the thermal efficiency of the regional boiler is the best for the condensing and heating type units. When two NC300 is the basic heat source, the optimum temperature-saving coefficient of the cold-A zone is 0.57-0.7, the cold-B area is 0.66-0.73, the cold-A zone is 0.53-0.62, the cold-B area is 0.55-0.65, and the cold-C area is 0. 57-0.65. The effect of the thermal efficiency of the regional boiler on the optimal thermalization coefficient is limited, and the optimal thermalization coefficient is the most end when the average thermal efficiency of the regional boiler is 70%. The fruit is acceptable. For the back pressure type unit, the model of the unit has little influence on the optimal thermalization coefficient, and the influence of the meteorological parameters is not as good as the steam heating and heating. In the case of heat load only, the number of units has a large influence on the thermalization coefficient, the number of units increases from 2 to 4, and the optimum thermalization coefficient is gradually increased, from 0.74 to 0.89 to 0. 84-0.94. For B80 units, after the normal annual thermal load is considered, the optimal thermalization coefficient in the cold area is between[0.6, 0.7] and is highly correlated with the heating outdoor calculation temperature. The higher the normal annual thermal load ratio, the more The greater the thermal coefficient, the greater the optimum thermalization coefficient in the severe cold area. Fourth, the economic heat of the heat supply system of the cogeneration zone is established. The mathematical model of the optimization of the heat supply cost of the cogeneration unit. The ratio of the heat supply cost of the cogeneration unit is to determine the cogeneration system. The key factors of the cost of heat supply are as follows: on the basis of the existing apportionment method, the improved thermoelectric combination method is put forward, and the method is used as the basis of this method. according to the heat supply cost sharing basis, in the common heat supply system heat source of the cogeneration area, the heating fixed cost is the highest, the condensing steam heating type unit is the lowest, the coal-fired boiler is the lowest, and the variable cost is the highest in the coal-fired boiler, The lowest is the back pressure unit. From the economical point of view, the economy of the high-capacity condensing steam heating unit is better than that of the small-capacity unit, while the economy of the small-capacity back-pressure unit is good. In general, the economy of the back pressure unit is superior to that of the high-capacity back-pressure unit. The variation range of the optimal heat-heating coefficient of the NC300 and B80 units is 0.65-0.86, respectively. and finally, applying the research results, evaluating the current situation of the energy consumption of the heat supply system according to the heat supply project of an actual cogeneration area, and simultaneously,
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU995
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