【摘要】：我國是發(fā)展中國家,國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展很大程度上是以犧牲大量的能源、資源為代價,在建筑行業(yè)更是如此,建筑業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展已使得其成為了繼工業(yè)和交通業(yè)后的第三大能耗主體,而辦公建筑又是建筑業(yè)較為常見的建筑主體,其中的運(yùn)行階段能源消耗問題也相對突出。本文以京津地區(qū)辦公建筑(政府辦公建筑和寫字樓建筑)為研究對象,首先從建筑主體、建筑能耗系統(tǒng)、環(huán)節(jié)、設(shè)備等在設(shè)計和運(yùn)行階段的實際情況出發(fā),通過對建筑圖紙、設(shè)計說明書、節(jié)能報告書等資料的查閱及同現(xiàn)場物業(yè)、管理人員的咨詢了解,掌握所調(diào)研建筑及其能耗系統(tǒng)的基本情況,并對不同建筑類型的建筑基本信息、能源種類、能耗系統(tǒng)特點進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析,同時對相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行匯總并提出合理解決方法。其次,對建筑物實際運(yùn)行能耗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析,為京津地區(qū)辦公建筑評價模型的建立提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),得出的主要結(jié)論有:辦公建筑照明、插座、空調(diào)系統(tǒng)單位面積年耗電量分別在5.5-22.74k Wh/a·m2、4.06-30.03k Wh/a·m2及6.04-64.50k Wh/a·m2之間,辦公建筑單位面積年總能耗在16.14-58.41kgce/a·m2之間;此外,分別對相應(yīng)分類、分項能耗的基準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行確定,其中照明、插座、空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的能耗基準(zhǔn)水平分別為12.67、20.77、37.14k Wh/a·m2,同時通過SPSS數(shù)據(jù)分析軟件對建筑總能耗進(jìn)行回歸分析,建立了如式4-2的總能耗基準(zhǔn)模型。最后,在完成以上總結(jié)分析工作的基礎(chǔ)上,對國內(nèi)外較為普遍的多指標(biāo)評價體系中“能耗”部分的評價內(nèi)容、評價指標(biāo)、評價方法、評分細(xì)則及其評價過程等方面的優(yōu)缺點進(jìn)行對比分析,從本國辦公建筑能耗系統(tǒng)的實際情況出發(fā),采用層次分析法(AHP法)和專家分析咨詢法(Delphi法)確定了適應(yīng)于京津地區(qū)辦公建筑能耗系統(tǒng)的“能耗”評價模型,并利用此模型對京津地區(qū)的三棟建筑進(jìn)行試評價。
[Abstract]:China is a developing country, the rapid development of national economy is to a large extent at the expense of a large number of energy, resources as the price, especially in the construction industry, the rapid development of the construction industry has made it become the third largest energy consumption after industry and transportation industry, and office building is a more common building main body in the construction industry, and the problem of energy consumption in the operation stage is also relatively prominent. In this paper, the office buildings in Beijing and Tianjin area (government office buildings and office buildings) are taken as the research object. Firstly, starting from the actual situation of the main body of the building, the building energy consumption system, the links, the equipment and so on in the design and operation stage, through the consultation and understanding of the building drawings, design instructions, energy saving reports and the same site property and management personnel, we can master the basic situation of the buildings investigated and their energy consumption systems. At the same time, the basic information, energy types and energy consumption system characteristics of different building types are summarized and analyzed, and the related problems are summarized and the reasonable solutions are put forward. Secondly, the energy consumption data of the actual operation of the building are statistically analyzed, which provides the basic data for the establishment of the evaluation model of the office building in Beijing and Tianjin. The main conclusions are as follows: the annual power consumption per unit area of the office building lighting, socket and air conditioning system is between 5.5 and 22.74 k Wh/ a 路m ~ 2, 4.06 鈮，

本文編號：2504241