基于日照影響的高層住宅自動(dòng)布局
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-12 13:33
【摘要】：隨著我國城市用地的日趨緊張,高層住宅不斷涌現(xiàn)。高層住宅的大量的涌現(xiàn),使日照問題變得更加突出和敏感。在高層住區(qū)規(guī)劃布局中,日照影響是很重要的一個(gè)因素,滿足日照要求是建筑師首要解決的問題之一。由于高層住宅日照計(jì)算是判斷在有效日照時(shí)間內(nèi)的累計(jì)日照時(shí)間是否滿足要求,因此難以像多層住宅一樣通過日照間距法估算準(zhǔn)確的日照間距。目前高層住宅區(qū)規(guī)劃過程中,前期往往先按照日照間距經(jīng)驗(yàn)值從形態(tài)入手,后期再采用相關(guān)的日照分析軟件進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn),這種檢驗(yàn)試錯(cuò)的過程存在大量的重復(fù)性工作,又難以進(jìn)行多樣性研究。因此尋求主動(dòng)的生成方法成為發(fā)展趨勢,并且可以同時(shí)提供多種方案,供設(shè)計(jì)師選擇,提高工作效率。另一方面,隨著計(jì)算機(jī)輔助建筑設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)腳本語言或參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)工具的實(shí)驗(yàn)和案例大量涌現(xiàn),如從(英國建筑聯(lián)盟學(xué)院)、ETH(瑞士蘇黎世聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院)、貝爾拉格學(xué)院、SCI-Arc(南加州建筑學(xué)院)等國外院校以及國內(nèi)多所高校都已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了大量的相關(guān)研究。生成技術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展使得研究在日照限定下的建筑自動(dòng)布局具有廣闊的前景。本文針對高層住宅規(guī)劃布局中的日照問題,探討以日照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為約束條件的住宅布局自動(dòng)生成方法。選用典型的住宅類型進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,在Rhino+Grasshopper的參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)上建立以Ecotect為日照分析基礎(chǔ),以遺傳算法和退火算法為優(yōu)化方法的計(jì)算機(jī)生成實(shí)驗(yàn)框架,并針對三種典型日照問題進(jìn)行優(yōu)化生成實(shí)驗(yàn)。以圖表的形式記錄每個(gè)優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程,羅列實(shí)驗(yàn)得到的優(yōu)化布局,并總結(jié)各實(shí)驗(yàn)的可行性和有效性。最后完成了在參數(shù)化建模Rhino+Grasshopper平臺(tái)上的一套以日照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為約束條件的高層住宅自動(dòng)布局生成方法,研究成果能為規(guī)劃師和建筑師提供指導(dǎo)和借鑒。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of urban land in China, high-rise housing continues to emerge. With the emergence of a large number of high-rise houses, the sunshine problem has become more prominent and sensitive. Sunshine influence is a very important factor in the planning and layout of high-rise residential areas, and meeting the requirements of sunshine is one of the most important problems solved by architects. Because the sunshine calculation of high-rise residential buildings is to judge whether the cumulative sunshine time in the effective sunshine time meets the requirements, it is difficult to estimate the accurate sunshine spacing by the sunshine distance method like the multi-storey residence. At present, in the process of high-rise residential area planning, the form is often started according to the empirical value of sunshine spacing in the early stage, and then the relevant sunshine analysis software is used to test it. There is a lot of repetitive work in the process of testing trial and error, and it is difficult to carry out diversity research. Therefore, it has become a development trend to seek active generation methods, and can provide a variety of solutions at the same time for designers to choose from and improve work efficiency. On the other hand, with the continuous development of computer aided architectural design technology, a large number of experiments and cases have emerged in the application of computer script language or parametric design tools, such as (), ETH (Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland), Belrag College, SCI-Arc (Southern California Institute of Architecture) and many colleges and universities in China. With the rapid development of generation technology, the research on automatic layout of buildings limited by sunshine has a broad prospect. Aiming at the sunshine problem in the planning and layout of high-rise residential buildings, this paper discusses the automatic generation method of residential layout based on sunshine standard. The typical housing types are selected for experimental research, and the experimental framework of computer generation based on Ecotect as sunshine analysis and genetic algorithm and annealing algorithm as optimization method is established on the parametric design platform of Rhino Grasshopper, and the optimization generation experiments are carried out for three typical sunshine problems. The process of each optimization experiment is recorded in the form of chart, the optimal layout obtained by the experiment is listed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of each experiment are summarized. Finally, a set of automatic layout generation method of high-rise residential buildings based on parametric modeling Rhino Grasshopper platform is completed, which can provide guidance and reference for planners and architects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU241.8
本文編號：2498064
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of urban land in China, high-rise housing continues to emerge. With the emergence of a large number of high-rise houses, the sunshine problem has become more prominent and sensitive. Sunshine influence is a very important factor in the planning and layout of high-rise residential areas, and meeting the requirements of sunshine is one of the most important problems solved by architects. Because the sunshine calculation of high-rise residential buildings is to judge whether the cumulative sunshine time in the effective sunshine time meets the requirements, it is difficult to estimate the accurate sunshine spacing by the sunshine distance method like the multi-storey residence. At present, in the process of high-rise residential area planning, the form is often started according to the empirical value of sunshine spacing in the early stage, and then the relevant sunshine analysis software is used to test it. There is a lot of repetitive work in the process of testing trial and error, and it is difficult to carry out diversity research. Therefore, it has become a development trend to seek active generation methods, and can provide a variety of solutions at the same time for designers to choose from and improve work efficiency. On the other hand, with the continuous development of computer aided architectural design technology, a large number of experiments and cases have emerged in the application of computer script language or parametric design tools, such as (), ETH (Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland), Belrag College, SCI-Arc (Southern California Institute of Architecture) and many colleges and universities in China. With the rapid development of generation technology, the research on automatic layout of buildings limited by sunshine has a broad prospect. Aiming at the sunshine problem in the planning and layout of high-rise residential buildings, this paper discusses the automatic generation method of residential layout based on sunshine standard. The typical housing types are selected for experimental research, and the experimental framework of computer generation based on Ecotect as sunshine analysis and genetic algorithm and annealing algorithm as optimization method is established on the parametric design platform of Rhino Grasshopper, and the optimization generation experiments are carried out for three typical sunshine problems. The process of each optimization experiment is recorded in the form of chart, the optimal layout obtained by the experiment is listed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of each experiment are summarized. Finally, a set of automatic layout generation method of high-rise residential buildings based on parametric modeling Rhino Grasshopper platform is completed, which can provide guidance and reference for planners and architects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU241.8
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 王詁;建筑日照分析的CAD方法[J];工程設(shè)計(jì)CAD及自動(dòng)化;1996年04期
2 劉凱;林波榮;;容積率導(dǎo)向的板式住宅排布方案生成方法研究[J];動(dòng)感(生態(tài)城市與綠色建筑);2013年01期
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