【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展、建筑總量的不斷攀升及對(duì)舒適度要求的提高,近年來建筑的綠色化問題也逐漸被認(rèn)識(shí)。我國(guó)的資源總量豐富,但人均資源量嚴(yán)重不足。當(dāng)前,我國(guó)的資源消耗增長(zhǎng)速度較快,可再生資源的利用率也落后于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。綠色建筑在我國(guó)的實(shí)踐勢(shì)在必行,而建筑的綠色化不僅是提高建筑節(jié)能水平的基礎(chǔ)和前提,而且對(duì)于維護(hù)城市生態(tài)環(huán)境、實(shí)現(xiàn)城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展、提高人民生活水準(zhǔn)意義深遠(yuǎn)而重大。相較于住宅和辦公、商場(chǎng)、旅館等公共建筑,我國(guó)綠色醫(yī)院的建設(shè)與評(píng)價(jià)是相對(duì)落后的。 綠色醫(yī)院是綠色建筑的延伸,是現(xiàn)代化綠色醫(yī)院建筑的體現(xiàn)與發(fā)展,是符合綠色轉(zhuǎn)型要求的具有醫(yī)療、教學(xué)、科研能力的機(jī)構(gòu)。所謂綠色醫(yī)院建筑,是在建筑的全壽命周期內(nèi)對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響較小、對(duì)資源的需求相對(duì)較少,在不減少醫(yī)院內(nèi)部使用人員(包括病人、醫(yī)務(wù)人員以及訪客等)良好體驗(yàn)的前提下,節(jié)省資源的醫(yī)院建筑。 病房樓屬居住建筑中的非住宅建筑,同時(shí)又具有醫(yī)療建筑特性,有著占地面積大、能源消耗高等特點(diǎn)。作為醫(yī)院建筑的重要建筑之一,病房樓因其獨(dú)特的居住建筑特性及建筑形式更應(yīng)首先受到重視。綠色病房樓是利用現(xiàn)代綠色建筑技術(shù)營(yíng)造出的良好住院環(huán)境,是充分考慮病人心理需求的適宜就醫(yī)空間,是建筑技術(shù)與人性關(guān)懷的統(tǒng)一體。 2003年底,美國(guó)的醫(yī)療行業(yè)頒布了人類歷史上第一個(gè)針對(duì)醫(yī)療建筑的量化的綠色設(shè)計(jì)與評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Green Guidelines for Healthcare Construction (GGHC)。2008年,英國(guó)BRE頒布專門針對(duì)醫(yī)療建筑的Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) Healthcare。2009年,哥本哈根舉行的聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化大會(huì)使整個(gè)國(guó)際社會(huì)普遍接受了對(duì)低碳發(fā)展的理念。世界衛(wèi)生組織已將綠色醫(yī)療普及作為2010年起的工作要點(diǎn)之一,并表明將在我國(guó)內(nèi)地對(duì)相關(guān)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)扶持。2010年8月中國(guó)醫(yī)院協(xié)會(huì)醫(yī)院建筑分會(huì)與世界衛(wèi)生組織確定共同推動(dòng)我國(guó)綠色醫(yī)院建設(shè)。 運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)回顧、實(shí)地調(diào)研、專家咨詢等方法,本研究首先對(duì)傳統(tǒng)病房樓建筑存在的問題進(jìn)行分析；在論述了綠色醫(yī)院的相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)綠色病房樓的概念、內(nèi)涵、特征、目標(biāo)、結(jié)構(gòu)層次、技術(shù)層次、建設(shè)原則進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理,總結(jié)出了以綠色建筑技術(shù)為主,綠色管理、綠色環(huán)境和綠色醫(yī)療為輔的綠色病房樓建筑設(shè)計(jì)理念,并論述了適宜病房樓的綠色建筑技術(shù)。研究以濟(jì)南地區(qū)某醫(yī)院病房樓方案為例,分析綠色建筑技術(shù)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用,為綠色病房樓的建設(shè)做出了有益的嘗試。根據(jù)前期研究,結(jié)合濟(jì)南地區(qū)實(shí)際,試編制了《濟(jì)南市綠色病房樓建筑設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)則(草稿)》。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the continuous rise of the total amount of buildings and the improvement of comfort requirements, the green problem of buildings has been gradually recognized in recent years. China is rich in total resources, but the per capita resources are seriously inadequate. At present, the consumption of resources in China is growing rapidly, and the utilization rate of renewable resources lags behind that of developed countries. The practice of green building in our country is imperative, and the greening of building is not only the basis and premise of improving the level of building energy saving, but also for maintaining the urban ecological environment and realizing the sustainable development of the city. It is of far-reaching and great significance to improve the living standards of the people. Compared with housing, office, shopping mall, hotel and other public buildings, the construction and evaluation of green hospitals in China is relatively backward. Green hospital is the extension of green building, the embodiment and development of modern green hospital building, and the organization with medical, teaching and scientific research ability in line with the requirements of green transformation. The so-called green hospital building has little negative impact on the surrounding environment during the whole life cycle of the building, the demand for resources is relatively small, and the internal users of the hospital (including patients) are not reduced. Medical staff and visitors, etc.) on the premise of good experience, save resources on the hospital building. Ward building is a non-residential building in residential buildings, at the same time, it has the characteristics of medical buildings, such as large area, high energy consumption and so on. As one of the important buildings in hospital buildings, ward buildings should be paid more attention to because of their unique residential architectural characteristics and architectural forms. Green ward building is a good hospitalization environment created by modern green building technology, a suitable medical space to fully consider the psychological needs of patients, and the unity of architectural technology and human care. At the end of 2003, the medical industry in the United States promulgated the first quantitative green design and evaluation standard for medical buildings in human history, Green Guidelines for Healthcare Construction (GGHC). 2008. The Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) Healthcare.2009 year for medical buildings was promulgated by BRE in the United Kingdom. The United Nations Climate change Conference in Copenhagen made the whole international community generally accept the concept of low-carbon development. The World Health Organization has made universal access to green health care one of the main points of its work since 2010. It is also indicated that the related projects will be supported in the mainland of China. In August 2010, the Hospital Building Branch of the China Hospital Association and the World Health Organization decided to jointly promote the construction of green hospitals in China. By using the methods of literature review, field investigation, expert consultation and so on, this study first analyzes the problems existing in the traditional ward building. On the basis of discussing the related theories of green hospital, this paper systematically combs the concept, connotation, characteristics, objectives, structure level, technical level and construction principle of green ward building, and sums up the green building technology and green management. The design concept of green ward building supplemented by green environment and green medical treatment is discussed, and the green building technology suitable for ward building is discussed. Taking the ward building scheme of a hospital in Jinan area as an example, this paper analyzes the practical application of green building technology, and makes a beneficial attempt for the construction of green ward building. According to the previous study, combined with the reality of Jinan area, the guidelines for the architectural design of green ward buildings in Jinan City (draft) are compiled.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU246.1;TU201.5

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