【摘要】：山體滑坡是山區(qū)頻發(fā)的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害，大量的滑坡災(zāi)害對人民生命財產(chǎn)造成了巨大的損失�；聻�(zāi)害的發(fā)生是一個累積變形的過程，一般都有明顯的前兆特征。邊坡土體變形是邊坡失穩(wěn)最明顯、最直觀的反映，變形監(jiān)測是對邊坡穩(wěn)定性評價的重要手段。根據(jù)邊坡土體變形的參數(shù)對邊坡進行穩(wěn)定性評價，是變形監(jiān)測的基礎(chǔ)，是實現(xiàn)邊坡變形定量評價的重要方法。邊坡監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)主要依靠先進的科學技術(shù)，運用傳感器進行現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測，獲取邊坡變形的特征參數(shù)，如位移矢量、位移速度、角矢量、應(yīng)力、土體溫度、雨量等，并利用現(xiàn)代通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)實現(xiàn)邊坡變形的遠程實時監(jiān)測，借助于各種分析方法，研究這些參數(shù)與邊坡穩(wěn)定性的關(guān)系，對邊坡變形過程進行模擬，，把握邊坡變形遠程的客觀規(guī)律，對邊坡的穩(wěn)定性進行分析、預(yù)測，而實現(xiàn)邊坡安全性預(yù)警，在減少滑坡等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、保護民眾生命財產(chǎn)安全方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。 本文以角度傳感器為基礎(chǔ)，依托工程實踐，研究角度傳感器在邊坡監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用。根據(jù)角度傳感器基本原理和邊坡變形監(jiān)測的工程特點，擬定了用角度和位移矢量進行邊坡安全性評價的方案。按照方案，研究設(shè)計并制作了基于角度傳感器的測斜儀設(shè)備，并采用一系列抗干擾設(shè)計措施，提升了測斜儀設(shè)備的系統(tǒng)性能，使之能穩(wěn)定可靠地實現(xiàn)角度的測量，并將其應(yīng)用于邊坡監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中；針對測斜儀設(shè)備在研制過程中普遍存在的固定誤差和比例誤差，本文從坐標變換原理啟發(fā)，提出了基于坐標變換原理和粒子群算法的誤差校正算法用以解決設(shè)備誤差問題，取得了較好的效果，使測斜儀能夠滿足邊坡監(jiān)測工程的技術(shù)要求；針對滬渝高速石忠路段邊坡工程實際情況，綜合考慮技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟、安全、穩(wěn)定等多個維度，設(shè)計了基于角度、位移信息的聯(lián)合測量方法，構(gòu)建了邊坡監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，獲取了工程實地的實時數(shù)據(jù)；結(jié)合工程實際情況，建立邊坡安全狀況評價模型，根據(jù)強度折減法的原理，對位移、角度信息與邊坡變形過程的關(guān)系進行分析，提出了基于位移、角度信息的邊坡穩(wěn)定性評價方法，實現(xiàn)了邊坡安全性預(yù)警。
[Abstract]:Landslide is a frequent geological disaster in mountainous areas, and a large number of landslide disasters have caused great losses to people's lives and property. Landslide disaster is a cumulative deformation process, generally has obvious precursor characteristics. Slope soil deformation is the most obvious and direct reflection of slope instability. Deformation monitoring is an important means to evaluate slope stability. The stability evaluation of slope according to the deformation parameters of slope soil is the foundation of deformation monitoring and an important method to realize quantitative evaluation of slope deformation. The slope monitoring system mainly relies on the advanced science and technology, uses the sensor to carry on the on-site monitoring, obtains the characteristic parameter of the slope deformation, such as displacement vector, displacement velocity, angle vector, stress, soil temperature, rainfall and so on. The modern communication network technology is used to realize the remote real-time monitoring of slope deformation. With the help of various analysis methods, the relationship between these parameters and slope stability is studied, the deformation process of slope is simulated, and the objective law of slope deformation is grasped. The analysis and prediction of slope stability and the realization of early warning of slope safety play an important role in reducing geological hazards such as landslides and protecting the safety of people's lives and property. Based on angle sensor and engineering practice, this paper studies the application of angle sensor in slope monitoring system. According to the basic principle of angle sensor and engineering characteristics of slope deformation monitoring, a scheme of slope safety evaluation with angle and displacement vector is proposed. According to the scheme, the inclinometer equipment based on angle sensor is researched, designed and manufactured, and a series of anti-interference design measures are adopted to improve the system performance of the inclinometer equipment, so that the angle measurement can be realized stably and reliably. And it is applied to the slope monitoring system. Based on the principle of coordinate transformation and particle swarm optimization (PSO), an error correction algorithm based on coordinate transformation principle and particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of equipment error, in view of the fixed error and scale error commonly existing in the development of inclinometer equipment, which is based on the principle of coordinate transformation and particle swarm optimization. Good results have been obtained, so that the inclinometer can meet the technical requirements of slope monitoring engineering. In view of the actual situation of slope engineering in Shizhong section of Shanghai-Chongqing Expressway, a joint measurement method based on angle and displacement information is designed and the slope monitoring system is constructed, considering the multi-dimension of technology, economy, safety and stability, etc. Obtain the real-time data of the engineering field; According to the principle of strength reduction method, the relationship between displacement, angle information and slope deformation process is analyzed, and based on the displacement, the evaluation model of slope safety is established according to the actual situation of the project. The evaluation method of slope stability based on angle information realizes the early warning of slope safety.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU433;TP212.9

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