發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-06 14:43

【摘要】：液壓挖掘機(jī)是一種多功能機(jī)械，被廣泛應(yīng)用于水利工程，交通運(yùn)輸，電力工程和礦山采掘等機(jī)械施工中。它在減輕繁重的體力勞動(dòng)，保證工程質(zhì)量，加快建設(shè)速度以及提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率等方面起著十分重要的作用。液壓挖掘機(jī)具有多品種，，多功能，高質(zhì)量及高效率等特點(diǎn)，因此受到了廣大施工作業(yè)單位的青睞。本文對(duì)一種新型動(dòng)臂間接驅(qū)動(dòng)的正鏟液壓挖掘機(jī)進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化，使其結(jié)構(gòu)和力學(xué)性能得以提高。 從正鏟液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的組成及工作特點(diǎn)出發(fā)，參考美國(guó)特雷克斯公司RH40E型正鏟挖掘機(jī)并根據(jù)挖掘機(jī)行業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù)，初步確定挖掘機(jī)的參數(shù)值，其中包括動(dòng)臂、斗桿和鏟斗機(jī)構(gòu)相關(guān)的幾何參數(shù)以及挖掘機(jī)的主要工作尺寸。用MATLAB軟件對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行建模并仿真獲得挖掘機(jī)的挖掘軌跡包絡(luò)圖，根據(jù)包絡(luò)圖求得挖掘機(jī)初始尺寸下的主要工作尺寸。 基于挖掘機(jī)斗桿缸單獨(dú)挖掘過程、鏟斗缸單獨(dú)挖掘過程以及滿斗提升過程運(yùn)用遺傳算法對(duì)操作裝置進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，優(yōu)化后動(dòng)臂轉(zhuǎn)角和斗桿轉(zhuǎn)角范圍增大，輸出相同挖掘力時(shí)斗桿缸和鏟斗缸所提供的最大推力減小，滿斗提升過程動(dòng)臂缸所需提供的推力減小。 文章基于SolidWorks軟件根據(jù)初始尺寸建立虛擬樣機(jī)，利用ADAMS軟件對(duì)斗桿缸單獨(dú)挖掘過程、鏟斗缸單獨(dú)挖掘過程和滿斗提升過程進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真，用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行挖掘軌跡包絡(luò)圖的繪制，并采用遺傳算法對(duì)液壓挖掘機(jī)的鉸點(diǎn)位置進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator is a kind of multi-functional machinery, which is widely used in hydraulic engineering, transportation, electric power engineering and mining machinery construction. It plays an important role in lightening the heavy physical labor, ensuring the engineering quality, speeding up the construction speed and improving the labor productivity. Hydraulic excavator has many characteristics, such as multi-variety, multi-function, high quality and high efficiency, so it has been favored by many construction units. In this paper, a new type of forward shovel hydraulic excavator driven indirectly by moving arm is designed and optimized, so that its structure and mechanical properties can be improved. Starting from the composition and working characteristics of the working device of the forward shovel hydraulic excavator, referring to the RH40E forward shovel excavator of Trex Company of the United States of America, and according to the industry experience coefficient of the excavator, the parameters of the excavator, including the moving arm, are preliminarily determined. Bucket rod and bucket mechanism related geometric parameters as well as the main working dimensions of the excavator. The MATLAB software is used to model the mechanism and simulate the excavator to obtain the envelope diagram of the excavator track. According to the envelope diagram, the main working dimensions of the excavator are obtained under the initial size of the excavator. Based on the excavating process of excavator bucket cylinder, the single excavating process of bucket cylinder and the lifting process of full bucket, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the operating device, and the range of the rotation angle of arm and the angle of bucket rod is increased after optimizing. When the same excavating force is output, the maximum thrust provided by the bucket rod cylinder and the bucket cylinder is reduced, and the thrust required by the dynamic arm cylinder during the full bucket lifting process is reduced. Based on the SolidWorks software, the virtual prototype is established according to the initial size. The ADAMS software is used to simulate the single excavating process of the bucket cylinder, the single excavating process of the bucket cylinder and the lifting process of the full bucket, and the MATLAB software is used to draw the envelope diagram of the excavating track. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the hinge position of hydraulic excavator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU621

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