【摘要】：在我國水問題日益嚴(yán)峻的當(dāng)下,構(gòu)建兼顧減少雨洪災(zāi)害、資源化利用雨水、減少地表徑流污染、保護(hù)水生物種棲息地等多個目標(biāo)的城市可持續(xù)雨洪管理系統(tǒng)勢在必行。城市綠地系統(tǒng)是其中必不可少的組成部分。本論文立足我國現(xiàn)實情況,探索在城市建成區(qū)通過綠地系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)雨洪管理的策略和途徑。 論文從梳理國內(nèi)外歷史經(jīng)驗開始,探索了可持續(xù)雨洪的發(fā)展過程,為我國的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展厘清思路。通過定性和定量的多種研究方法,論文詳細(xì)分析了我國建成區(qū)及其綠地系統(tǒng)的特點,分析了雨洪優(yōu)化處理措施的適宜情況,并對優(yōu)化目標(biāo)設(shè)定、優(yōu)化設(shè)計程序和軟件模擬方法進(jìn)行了研究。同時對雨洪管理景觀相關(guān)的美學(xué)和安全問題也進(jìn)行了研究。論文得出以下研究成果： (1)盡管城市建成區(qū)現(xiàn)狀復(fù)雜,優(yōu)化難度大,但可持續(xù)雨洪管理的建設(shè)必須覆蓋已建城區(qū),否則管理效果很難保證。建成區(qū)的優(yōu)化常見三種基本模式,構(gòu)建合理的制度框架,通過不同的模式,可以在城市發(fā)展過程中逐漸優(yōu)化己建城區(qū)綠地； (2)己建城區(qū)建筑密度大、綠地破碎,傳統(tǒng)的“分散、靠近源頭”的處理準(zhǔn)則并不完全能保證優(yōu)化效果。成都案例研究提出“源頭優(yōu)化、遠(yuǎn)端補(bǔ)償”的策略,在挖掘小尺度場地優(yōu)化的前提下,補(bǔ)充城市下游、邊緣的區(qū)域級優(yōu)化措施,保證整體優(yōu)化效果。 (3)基于可持續(xù)雨洪管理的綠地系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化首先應(yīng)基于現(xiàn)狀分析提出優(yōu)化目標(biāo),采用科學(xué)的研究設(shè)計程序合理的分析綠地優(yōu)化的可能性和途徑。目前城市綠地系統(tǒng)的各種綠地類型有其適宜的措施,應(yīng)該通過雨水管網(wǎng)和滲透傳輸?shù)确椒ǹ梢越⑴c更大區(qū)域,特別是雨水管網(wǎng)覆蓋區(qū)域的聯(lián)系,從而對更大范圍的城市區(qū)域雨水徑流進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。 (4)通過SBE和統(tǒng)計分析方法提取了公眾比較關(guān)注的視覺感知要素。并進(jìn)一步提出隨著社會對可持續(xù)雨洪管理和水資源保護(hù)途徑的了解更加普及,人們的關(guān)注點有所拓展。通過公眾教育比較,提出水體與措施工程相關(guān)的要素將會更明顯的影響人們對可持續(xù)雨洪綠地的視覺感知。相應(yīng)的設(shè)計措施和要點應(yīng)貫徹到規(guī)劃設(shè)計過程中。 (5)提出了針對成都的優(yōu)化目標(biāo)設(shè)定和多級優(yōu)化措施的方案分析,提出了通過場地、排水區(qū)域和周邊綠地規(guī)劃補(bǔ)償?shù)忍岣哒w雨洪管理效率的策略。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious water problem in our country, it is imperative to construct a sustainable rain flood management system which takes into account the reduction of rain flood disaster, the utilization of Rain Water, the reduction of surface runoff pollution and the protection of aquatic species habitat. Urban green space system is an indispensable part of it. Based on the reality of our country, this paper explores the strategies and approaches to realize the sustainable rainwater management through the green space system optimization in the urban built-up areas. This paper begins with the historical experience at home and abroad, explores the development process of sustainable rain flood, and clarifies the train of thought for the further development of our country. Through qualitative and quantitative research methods, this paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of China's constructed areas and their green space systems, analyzes the suitable conditions of the measures for optimal treatment of rain and flood, and sets the optimization objectives. Optimization design program and software simulation method are studied. At the same time, the aesthetic and safety issues related to rain flood management landscape are also studied. The research results are as follows: (1) although the present situation of urban built-up area is complex and the optimization is difficult, the construction of sustainable rainwater flood management must cover the established urban area, otherwise the management effect is difficult to guarantee. There are three basic modes for the optimization of the built-up areas, and a reasonable institutional framework is constructed. Through different models, we can gradually optimize the urban green space in the process of urban development. (2) the building density is high, the green space is broken, and the traditional treatment criterion of "dispersing, near the source" can not guarantee the optimization effect completely. The Chengdu case study puts forward the strategy of "source optimization, remote compensation", which, on the premise of mining small-scale site optimization, supplements the regional optimization measures of the downstream and edge of the city to ensure the overall optimization effect. (3) the optimization of green space system based on sustainable rainwater and flood management should be based on the analysis of current situation, and the possibility and approach of green space optimization should be reasonably analyzed by scientific research and design program. At present, all kinds of green space types of urban green space system have their own suitable measures. We should establish the connection with the larger area, especially the rainwater pipe network coverage area, through the methods of rainwater pipe network and permeation transmission, etc. Therefore, the runoff of Rain Water is optimized in a wider range of urban areas. (4) the visual perception elements concerned by the public are extracted by SBE and statistical analysis. It is further pointed out that with the popularization of the understanding of sustainable stormwater management and water resources protection, people's attention has been expanded. Through the comparison of public education, it is suggested that the factors related to water and measure engineering will affect people's perception of sustainable rainwater and flood green space more obviously. The corresponding design measures and key points should be carried out in the process of planning and design. (5) the optimization goal setting and multi-level optimization measures for Chengdu are put forward, and the strategies to improve the overall rainwater management efficiency are put forward through the planning and compensation of the site, drainage area and surrounding green space.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU992;TU985

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