【摘要】：聚落是人類(lèi)棲居于大地之間的場(chǎng)所，是人類(lèi)利用和改造自然的居住和生產(chǎn)的空間，是人類(lèi)文明的產(chǎn)物。聚落的發(fā)展過(guò)程蘊(yùn)涵著豐富的歷史文化信息。 安陽(yáng)地處河南省最北部，是中華民族古老文化的發(fā)源地之一，歷史文化積淀豐厚，形成了典型的地方特色。在這樣大的歷史文化環(huán)境之中，安陽(yáng)形成了具有一定地域特色的傳統(tǒng)聚落和民居建筑。本文以安陽(yáng)地區(qū)為研究范圍，在對(duì)其境內(nèi)的傳統(tǒng)聚落進(jìn)行大量實(shí)地調(diào)研、測(cè)繪的基礎(chǔ)上，從自然地理、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)等多重視角，對(duì)聚落的發(fā)展歷程、影響因素等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析梳理，并通過(guò)對(duì)聚落和民居的類(lèi)型、形態(tài)和空間等方面特征的深入研究，揭示了安陽(yáng)地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落和民居的地域特征：一，安陽(yáng)地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落延習(xí)了古代聚落分布的規(guī)律，結(jié)合山川形勢(shì)類(lèi)型豐富，空間內(nèi)聚，注重防御，空間形態(tài)與道路結(jié)合密切；二，安陽(yáng)地區(qū)民居屬北方傳統(tǒng)分布方式民居類(lèi)型，因地制宜，山地與平原在營(yíng)建技術(shù)上各具特點(diǎn)，注重裝飾，地域文化特色明顯。 本文共分為六個(gè)章節(jié)： 第一章緒論，主要對(duì)論文選題的背景、相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀、研究的對(duì)象和方法等做簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明，確定詳細(xì)的研究框架。 第二章介紹了安陽(yáng)地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)人文概況，并對(duì)聚落形成和動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展的歷史軌跡進(jìn)行了概括分析。 第三章從自然地理、人文、歷史、社會(huì)等多角度，解析安陽(yáng)地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)聚落形態(tài)的影響因素以及這些因素的作用機(jī)理。 第四章在第三章分析的基礎(chǔ)之上，，將該地區(qū)聚落類(lèi)型歸納為平原地區(qū)集聚形商貿(mào)聚落、丘陵地區(qū)中心形農(nóng)商聚落、河谷山腰帶形農(nóng)耕聚落、山區(qū)團(tuán)簇狀農(nóng)耕聚落四種，闡釋其形成的原因和基本特點(diǎn)，并從規(guī)模、形態(tài)、道路、建筑等多方面將四類(lèi)聚落作一橫向比較。 第五章作為論述民居的章節(jié)，先從宏觀的聚落環(huán)境出發(fā)，總結(jié)各類(lèi)型民居與聚落空間的關(guān)系以及他們各自的基本組織形態(tài)。進(jìn)而以民居單體為對(duì)象，從構(gòu)成要素、承重結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型、建筑材料及裝飾藝術(shù)等各方面對(duì)安陽(yáng)地區(qū)聚落空間中的民居建筑進(jìn)行了較為細(xì)致、全面的分析。 第六章根據(jù)上述研究成果，對(duì)安陽(yáng)傳統(tǒng)聚落與民居的地域文化特點(diǎn)作一總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Settlement is the place where human beings live between the earth, the living and production space where human beings use and transform nature, and the product of human civilization. The development of settlements contains rich historical and cultural information. Anyang is located in the northern part of Henan Province and is one of the birthplaces of the ancient Chinese culture. In such a large historical and cultural environment, Anyang has formed a certain regional characteristics of traditional settlements and residential buildings. This article takes Anyang area as the research scope, carries on the massive field investigation to its territory traditional settlement, surveying and mapping, from the natural geography, the economy, the society and so on many aspects angle of view, to the settlement development course, The influence factors and other problems are systematically analyzed and combed, and the regional characteristics of traditional settlements and houses in Anyang area are revealed through the in-depth study of the types, forms and spaces of settlements and houses. The traditional settlement in Anyang area has established the law of ancient settlement distribution, combined with rich types of mountain and river situation, spatial cohesion, attention to defense, close combination of spatial form and road; Second, the residential houses in Anyang area belong to the traditional distribution mode of the northern folk residence type, according to the local conditions, the mountain area and the plain have their own characteristics in the construction technology, pay attention to the decoration, the regional culture characteristic is obvious. This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter of the introduction, mainly on the background of the topic of the paper, related research status, research objects and methods to make a brief description, to determine a detailed research framework. The second chapter introduces the natural environment and social humanities in Anyang area, and analyzes the historical track of settlement formation and dynamic development. The third chapter from the natural geography, humanities, history, social and other perspectives, analysis of the traditional settlement in Anyang area, as well as the impact of these factors and the mechanism of these factors. On the basis of the analysis of the third chapter, the fourth chapter summarizes the types of settlement in this area into four types: the agglomeration of commerce and commerce in plain area, the central agribusiness settlement in hilly area, the belt farming settlement in valley and mountain area, and the cluster farming settlement in mountainous area. This paper explains the reasons and basic characteristics of its formation, and makes a horizontal comparison of the four types of settlements from the aspects of scale, form, road and architecture. The fifth chapter, as the chapter of the residence, first from the macro settlement environment, summed up the relationship between various types of residential and settlement space, as well as their respective basic organizational form. Then, taking the individual residential buildings as the object, this paper makes a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the residential buildings in the settlement space of Anyang area from the aspects of elements, types of load-bearing structure, building materials and decorative art. The sixth chapter summarizes the regional and cultural characteristics of Anyang traditional settlements and houses according to the above research results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU982.29;TU241.5

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