【摘要】：歷次震害表明，地震會(huì)對核電站及其設(shè)備的安全性造成嚴(yán)重威脅，引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的核安全問題。隨著我國核電站的不斷建設(shè)，積極開展核電設(shè)備抗震研究十分必要。采用隔震技術(shù)可以改善核電設(shè)備的可靠性和安全性，并且具有良好的隔震效果和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。核級風(fēng)機(jī)等核電設(shè)備在正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)將產(chǎn)生機(jī)械振動(dòng)，當(dāng)?shù)卣饋砼R時(shí)，正在運(yùn)行的風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備將同時(shí)受到地震作用和機(jī)械振動(dòng)的影響，因此，對核級風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備采用隔震技術(shù)時(shí)，所安裝的隔震裝置需要在地震動(dòng)和機(jī)械振動(dòng)共同作用下對風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備起到隔震減振的目的。 本文對考慮機(jī)械振動(dòng)的核級風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備采用兩種隔震方案，分別是鋼絲繩隔振器方案和疊層橡膠支座方案，通過有限元分析，對兩種隔震方案的隔震效果進(jìn)行對比研究。本文首先介紹了設(shè)備震害、隔震原理、設(shè)備隔震技術(shù)的發(fā)展應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀和設(shè)備隔震的相關(guān)規(guī)范要求；其次介紹了兩種隔震裝置的構(gòu)造、原理和力學(xué)性能，為后文進(jìn)行風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備隔震系統(tǒng)的有限元分析提供了理論基礎(chǔ)；以某型核級風(fēng)機(jī)為例，利用ANSYS-LSDYNA有限元軟件建立了采用鋼絲繩隔振器的風(fēng)機(jī)模型，對用于風(fēng)機(jī)隔震的鋼絲繩隔振器參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化選擇；根據(jù)得到的優(yōu)化參數(shù)，分別建立了采用鋼絲繩隔振器和疊層橡膠支座的風(fēng)機(jī)模型，通過有限元分析，對兩種隔震方案及其改進(jìn)方案的風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)隔震效果進(jìn)行了對比研究。 研究結(jié)果表明：對于考慮機(jī)械振動(dòng)的風(fēng)機(jī)隔震系統(tǒng)，鋼絲繩隔振器方案雖然在三方向都有隔震作用，但是隔震效果并不明顯；而疊層橡膠支座方案水平向隔震效果優(yōu)于鋼絲繩隔振器方案，但豎向幾乎沒有隔震效果，有時(shí)還會(huì)加大豎向地震作用。對兩種方案進(jìn)行改進(jìn)后，改進(jìn)方案的隔震效果優(yōu)于原方案。因此，為實(shí)現(xiàn)改進(jìn)方案，滿足風(fēng)機(jī)隔震要求，建議研究出水平剛度較低但豎向剛度較高的鋼絲繩隔振器，或研究出低剛度的疊層橡膠支座。若能將改進(jìn)后的鋼絲繩隔振器和疊層橡膠支座結(jié)合起來，研究出適用于風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備三維隔震的新型隔震裝置，則能更好地滿足核級風(fēng)機(jī)設(shè)備的隔震要求。
[Abstract]:The earthquake damage shows that the earthquake will pose a serious threat to the safety of nuclear power plant and its equipment, and cause serious nuclear safety problems. With the continuous construction of nuclear power plants in China, it is necessary to actively carry out seismic research on nuclear power equipment. Seismic isolation technology can improve the reliability and safety of nuclear power equipment, and has good isolation effect and economic benefit. Nuclear fan and other nuclear power equipment will produce mechanical vibration in normal operation. When the earthquake comes, the running fan equipment will be affected by both seismic action and mechanical vibration. Therefore, when the isolation technology is used for nuclear grade fan equipment, The installed isolation device should be used to isolate and reduce the vibration of fan equipment under the combined action of ground motion and mechanical vibration. In this paper, two kinds of isolation schemes are adopted for nuclear blower equipment considering mechanical vibration, one is wire rope isolator scheme and the other is laminated rubber bearing scheme. Through finite element analysis, the isolation effects of the two isolation schemes are compared and studied. This paper first introduces the equipment earthquake damage, isolation principle, equipment isolation technology development and application status and equipment isolation requirements; Secondly, the structure, principle and mechanical properties of the two kinds of isolation devices are introduced, which provides a theoretical basis for the finite element analysis of the isolation system of fan equipment. Taking a nuclear grade fan as an example, a fan model with wire rope vibration isolator is established by using ANSYS-LSDYNA finite element software, and the parameters of wire rope vibration isolator used for fan isolation are optimized. According to the optimized parameters, the fan models with wire rope isolator and laminated rubber bearing are established, and the isolation effects of two isolation schemes and their improved schemes are compared by finite element analysis. The results show that: for the fan isolation system considering mechanical vibration, although the cable isolator has isolation effect in three directions, the isolation effect is not obvious. The horizontal isolation effect of laminated rubber bearing scheme is better than that of wire rope isolator scheme, but the vertical vibration isolation effect is almost no, and sometimes the vertical seismic action is increased. After improving the two schemes, the isolation effect of the improved scheme is better than that of the original scheme. Therefore, in order to improve the scheme and meet the requirements of fan isolation, it is suggested to develop wire rope isolators with low horizontal stiffness but high vertical stiffness, or laminated rubber bearings with low stiffness. If the improved wire rope vibration isolator is combined with the laminated rubber bearing, a new type of isolation device suitable for the three dimensional isolation of the fan equipment can be developed, which can better meet the isolation requirements of the nuclear grade fan equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU352.12

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