【摘要】：納米技術(shù)目前在各領(lǐng)域都有廣泛的應(yīng)用,而納米粒子對環(huán)境和生物系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的毒性危害也日益引起人們的重視�，F(xiàn)有的固體廢棄物填埋場防污屏障系統(tǒng)設(shè)計時并沒有考慮對納米顆粒的攔截,這極有可能導(dǎo)致今后納米顆粒透過防污屏障系統(tǒng)進入到環(huán)境中去,從而對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生潛在的危害。本文通過對碳納米管在防污屏障系統(tǒng)中的運移規(guī)律進行研究,建立能夠反映和描述納米顆粒在防污屏障系統(tǒng)中的運移規(guī)律的數(shù)學(xué)模型,計算它的解析解,并結(jié)合有限元軟件開展數(shù)值模擬。同時通過滲透試驗等手段,對防污屏障采用的膨潤土防水毯材料進行試驗,評價其對碳納米管的攔截能力,并為數(shù)學(xué)模型和數(shù)值計算提供計算參數(shù)。研究結(jié)果為有效改善現(xiàn)有防污屏障系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法,提高其對碳納米顆粒的攔截能力,提供了一定的設(shè)計依據(jù),對避免日后納米粒子可能造成對環(huán)境和生物系統(tǒng)的潛在危害,具有非常重要的意義。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)本文通過常水頭滲透試驗對碳納米管在單層膨潤土防水毯中運移的研究表明:其滲透系數(shù)在隨著時間的增加逐漸減小,并在同一個時刻下,滲透系數(shù)隨著壓力的增大而減小,而且其滲透系數(shù)與壓力的對數(shù)成明顯的線性關(guān)系。(2)采用烘干稱重法對碳納米管滲濾液的濃度作了定量測定,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)膨潤土防水毯對碳納米管的平均攔截率達到了95%;(3)通過提出分段線性函數(shù)邊界條件和引入壓力影響系數(shù),建立了可以較好地描述碳納米管在膨潤土防水毯中運移規(guī)律的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并得到其解析解;(4)采用有限元分析軟件SEEP/W和CTRAN/W,模擬分析了碳納米管在膨潤土防水毯中的運移過程,其結(jié)果與試驗和理論得到的結(jié)果相一致。
[Abstract]:Nanotechnology has been widely used in various fields, and the toxicity of nanoparticles to the environment and biological systems has attracted more and more attention. The existing solid waste landfill antifouling barrier system does not consider the interception of nanoparticles, which may lead to the future entry of nanoparticles into the environment through the antifouling barrier system, thus causing potential harm to the environment. In this paper, by studying the migration law of carbon nanotubes in antifouling barrier system, a mathematical model which can reflect and describe the migration law of nanoparticles in antifouling barrier system is established, and its analytical solution is calculated. Numerical simulation is carried out with finite element software. At the same time, the bentonite waterproof blanket material used in antifouling barrier was tested by means of permeation test to evaluate its ability to intercept carbon nanotubes, and to provide calculation parameters for mathematical model and numerical calculation. The results provide a basis for the design of the existing antifouling barrier system, improve its ability to intercept carbon nanoparticles, and avoid the potential harm to the environment and biological system caused by the nanoparticles in the future. Of great significance. The main results are as follows: (1) in this paper, the migration of carbon nanotubes in monolayer bentonite waterproof blanket is studied by the constant head permeation test. The results show that the permeability coefficient decreases gradually with the increase of time, and at the same time, The permeability coefficient decreases with the increase of pressure and the logarithm of pressure is linear. (2) the concentration of carbon nanotube leachate is measured quantitatively by dry weighing method. It was found that the average interception rate of bentonite waterproof blanket to CNTs was 95%. (3) by proposing the boundary condition of piecewise linear function and introducing pressure influence coefficient, a mathematical model which can describe the migration law of carbon nanotubes in bentonite waterproof blanket is established, and its analytical solution is obtained. (4) the migration process of carbon nanotubes in bentonite waterproof blanket is simulated by finite element analysis software SEEP/W and CTRAN/W,. The results are consistent with the experimental and theoretical results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU57

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