【摘要】：本文運用景觀規(guī)劃學(xué)、景觀設(shè)計學(xué)、園林植物學(xué)、景觀生態(tài)學(xué)、心理學(xué)、美學(xué)等相關(guān)學(xué)科理論,以全椒縣襄河景觀帶為研究對象,在配置植物現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對應(yīng)用植物的季相、色相,植物群落物種豐富度(S)、優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)(D, Simpson指數(shù))、多樣性指數(shù)(H, Shannon-weiner指數(shù))和均勻度指數(shù)(E, Pielou指數(shù))分析,運用層次分析法(AHP法)對襄河景觀22個樣地進(jìn)行景觀價值評價,指出了全椒縣襄河景觀帶植物配置與造景存在的問題,并提出了提升改造的意見和建議,旨在將襄河景觀帶打造成具有全椒特色的濱河景觀帶。取得以下研究成果：1、襄河景觀帶共有89種植物,分為40科66屬。喬木44種,灌木28種,草本植物17種。落葉樹種與常綠樹種比約為3：1,鄉(xiāng)土植物與外來植物比為1：2。2、襄河景觀帶各樣點的配置主要為喬-灌-草多層次模式,結(jié)合景點布置,各樣點植物配植與造景的觀賞效果較好,但最佳觀賞時節(jié)主要集中在春季和夏季,春花植物運用比例較大,也較為集中；觀果植物種類較少,秋彩色植物應(yīng)用景觀單一偏重紅色系；由于冬季常綠喬木樹種比例偏小,景觀略顯蕭條。3、襄河景觀植物喬木應(yīng)用頻率較高的樹種種類很少,應(yīng)用頻率低的樹種種類較多,綜合分析得出,使用頻率較高的樹種一般具有較高的重要值。4、襄河景觀帶22個樣地的物種豐富度平均值為6.23, Simpson指數(shù)的平均值為0.55,最高值是0.85,為17#紫薇(Lagerstroemia indica)-棣棠(Kerria japon ica)-紅花醇漿草(Oxalis orymbosa)群落,最低值為18#日本早櫻(Prunus subhirtella)-紫藤(Wisteria sinensis)-粉花繡線菊(Spiraea japonica)群落；多樣性指數(shù)最高值為1.896,最低值為1.156；1#馬尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb)-美國秋紅楓高羊茅(Festuca elata)群落的均勻度為最低值0.564,主要是由于灌木層植物應(yīng)用較少、草坪被火燒,10#金鑲玉竹(Phyllostachys aureosulcata)-鳳尾蘭(Yucca gloriosa)-鳶尾(Iris tectorum)群落的均勻度僅為0.609,主要是因為鳶尾栽植密度較小,尚未成片,出現(xiàn)地面裸露現(xiàn)象。本通過以上分析可以看出,大多數(shù)群落具有較高物種豐富度和均勻度,群落表現(xiàn)出基本一致,同時表明當(dāng)物種豐富度較高的群落,優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)、物種多樣性指數(shù)、均勻度指數(shù)也相對較高。5、在景觀價值評價上,Ⅰ級植物景觀有五個,為4#、5群、7#、10#、19#樣地,占評價樣地總數(shù)的22%,Ⅱ級景觀樣地為14個,占評價總樣地的64%,Ⅲ級樣地為4個,占評價樣地總數(shù)的14%。
[Abstract]:Based on the theories of landscape planning, landscape design, landscape botany, landscape ecology, psychology, aesthetics and so on, this paper takes the Xianghe landscape belt in Quanjiao County as the research object, and based on the investigation of the present situation of plant allocation, (S), dominance index (D, Simpson index), diversity index (H, Shannon-weiner index) and evenness index (E, Pielou index) of plant species richness were analyzed by means of season, color, plant community richness index (D, Simpson index), diversity index (H, Shannon-weiner index) and evenness index (E, Pielou index). Using AHP method to evaluate the landscape value of 22 plots of Xianghe landscape, this paper points out the problems of plant configuration and landscape making in Xianghe landscape zone of Quanjiao County, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for upgrading and reconstruction. The purpose is to build Xianghe landscape belt into a waterfront landscape belt with full pepper characteristics. The results are as follows: 1. There are 89 species of plants in Xianghe River landscape zone, which are divided into 40 families and 66 genera. There are 44 species of trees, 28 species of shrubs and 17 species of herbaceous plants. The ratio of deciduous tree species to evergreen tree species is about 3: 1, and the ratio of native plants to exotic plants is 1: 2.2. The allocation of various points in the Xianghe landscape belt is mainly a multi-level model of Arbor, Irrigation and Grass, combined with the arrangement of scenic spots. The ornamental effect of planting and landscape making is better, but the best ornamental season is mainly concentrated in spring and summer, and the use of spring flower plants is larger and more concentrated. There are few species of fruit-watching plants, and the autumn color plants are used in the landscape with a single red color system. Because of the small proportion of evergreen tree species in winter and the slight depression of landscape. 3, there are few species of trees with high application frequency and many species with low application frequency in Xianghe landscape. The average species richness of 22 plots in Xianghe landscape belt is 6.23, the average value of Simpson index is 0.55, and the highest value is 0.85. It is a (Oxalis orymbosa) community of (Lagerstroemia indica)-(Kerria japon ica)-safflower, and the lowest value is 18 # (Prunus subhirtella)-(Wisteria sinensis)-(Spiraea japonica) community. The highest value of diversity index is 1.896, the lowest value is 1.156; The evenness of (Festuca elata) community of Pinus massoniana (Pinus massoniana Lamb) is the lowest 0.564, which is mainly due to the less application of shrub layer plants and the burning of lawn. 1the evenness of (Phyllostachys aureosulcata)-(Yucca gloriosa)-Iris (Iris tectorum) community was only 0.609, which was mainly due to the low planting density of Iris. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that most communities have higher species richness and evenness, and the communities are basically consistent. At the same time, when the species richness is higher, the dominance index, the species diversity index, The evenness index was also relatively high. In the evaluation of landscape value, there were five plants of grade I, 4 #n5 groups, and 7 #10 #n19# plots, which accounted for 22 of the total number of plots evaluated, and 14 of the second grade landscape plots. It accounts for 64 of the total sample plots and 4 of the third grade plots, accounting for 14 percent of the total number of the evaluation plots.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU986.5

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本文編號：2295459