發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-12 08:39

【摘要】：南京民國建筑是我國近代建筑的精品,在建筑形制、建筑方法等方面較之于中國傳統(tǒng)建筑體系都有很大的創(chuàng)新。融入了西方近現(xiàn)代建筑理念的南京民國建筑,在本質(zhì)上是中國建筑近代化的一次探索,事實(shí)也證明,這次“中學(xué)為體、西學(xué)為用”的建筑探索是成功的,產(chǎn)生了諸如中山陵、總統(tǒng)府等同時(shí)兼具中西方雙重特點(diǎn)的精品建筑,形成了民國時(shí)期“五院六部”國家統(tǒng)治機(jī)構(gòu)的辦公場所,對當(dāng)時(shí)南京市的市容市貌,對當(dāng)代建筑和社會生活都產(chǎn)生了一定的影響。 當(dāng)前,針對南京民國建筑的研究主要集中在對南京民國建筑的保護(hù)層面,而對南京民國建筑作為一種符號創(chuàng)造和作為一種符號指代的特征挖掘還相對較少。本文結(jié)合民俗學(xué)理論,通過對現(xiàn)有南京民國建筑民俗材料的發(fā)掘,以民俗符號理論為支撐,對南京民國建筑這一由符號組成到最終成為符號的轉(zhuǎn)化過程進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)南京民國建筑在本質(zhì)上仍是中國傳統(tǒng)建筑體系的延續(xù),建筑自身仍然融合著眾多的傳統(tǒng)建筑符號,而正是這些傳統(tǒng)建筑符號的存在,使得南京民國建筑在文化層面上也同樣成為我國傳統(tǒng)建筑文化傳承發(fā)展的一種表現(xiàn)。但南京民國建筑并非是簡單的傳統(tǒng)文化符號的傳承,它同時(shí)結(jié)合了西方建筑工藝,是一次綜合了西方建筑風(fēng)格和建造工藝建筑技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新。 本文從符號理論出發(fā)對南京民國建筑進(jìn)行解讀。全文圍繞“符號組成建筑,建筑成為符號”的總體思路,在第二章中通過對符號理論的分析運(yùn)用,論證出南京民國建筑可以作為符號被解讀。第三章和第四章結(jié)合影響符號創(chuàng)作的兩大因素——人和環(huán)境,分析了南京民國建筑的建筑師隊(duì)伍和建筑環(huán)境,得出正是建筑師隊(duì)伍組成的中西結(jié)合性質(zhì)和建筑環(huán)境對民族主義的要求,才創(chuàng)作出具有自我獨(dú)特特征的南京民國建筑。第五章在建筑符號被創(chuàng)作出來后,對南京民國建筑作一綜合分析,探究其自身所存有的傳統(tǒng)建筑符號及這些符號背后的人文理念,指出中國建筑“意”先于“形”的表達(dá)方式。最后第六章,將南京民國建筑放置在現(xiàn)代的環(huán)境中,此時(shí)的建筑已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)符號,指代意義發(fā)生一定的變化。作為典型的中國建筑,面對當(dāng)代“千城一面”的建筑設(shè)計(jì),分析南京民國建筑對現(xiàn)代建筑設(shè)計(jì)的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The architecture of the Republic of Nanjing is a fine product of modern architecture in China, which has great innovation compared with the traditional architecture system of China in the aspects of architectural form and method. The architecture of the Republic of Nanjing, which is integrated with the western modern architectural concept, is essentially an exploration of the modernization of Chinese architecture. The facts also prove that this architectural exploration of "middle school as the body and western learning as the use" was successful and produced such as the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. At the same time, the presidential palace and other fine buildings with the dual characteristics of China and the West formed the offices of the "five houses and six ministries" state ruling organs in the period of the Republic of China, and gave a look to the city of Nanjing at that time. To the contemporary architecture and social life have a certain impact. At present, the research on the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing is mainly focused on the protection level of the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing, but the characteristics of the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing as a symbol to create and as a symbol to excavate are relatively few. Based on the theory of folklore, this paper analyzes the transformation process of the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing from symbol composition to symbol through the excavation of the existing architectural folklore materials of the Republic of Nanjing, supported by the theory of folk symbol. It is found that the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing is in essence a continuation of the Chinese traditional architectural system, and the architecture itself is still integrated with many traditional architectural symbols, and it is the existence of these traditional architectural symbols. The architecture of the Republic of Nanjing in the cultural level has also become a manifestation of the heritage and development of Chinese traditional architectural culture. But the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing is not a simple heritage of traditional cultural symbols, it combines the western architectural technology, it is a synthesis of western architectural style and construction technology innovation. This paper interprets the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing from the perspective of symbol theory. In the second chapter, through the analysis and application of the symbol theory, it is demonstrated that the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing can be interpreted as a symbol. The third and fourth chapters analyze the architectural team and the architectural environment of the Republic of Nanjing in combination with the two major factors that affect the creation of symbols: people and environment. It comes to the conclusion that it is the nature of the combination of Chinese and Western architects and the requirements of the architectural environment for nationalism to create the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing with its own unique characteristics. The fifth chapter makes a comprehensive analysis of the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing after the creation of architectural symbols, probes into its own traditional architectural symbols and the humanistic ideas behind these symbols, and points out the expression of "meaning" before "shape" in Chinese architecture. In the last chapter, the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing is placed in the modern environment, the architecture has become a symbol, referring to the meaning of a certain change. As a typical Chinese architecture, facing the contemporary architectural design of "one side of a thousand cities", this paper analyzes the reference significance of the architecture of the Republic of Nanjing to the modern architectural design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU-05

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