負(fù)載納米銀活性炭制備條件優(yōu)化及飲用水消毒應(yīng)用研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-09-08 09:29
【摘要】:我國農(nóng)村飲用水與城市二次供水均存在各類污染物超標(biāo)的風(fēng)險,以大腸桿菌含量超標(biāo)尤為突出。目前,我國現(xiàn)有針對飲用水中大腸桿菌含量超標(biāo)的處理方法效率低、效果差、經(jīng)濟(jì)成本較高,在其處理上依然缺乏行之有效的方法。所以,尋求一種可實(shí)際應(yīng)用的低成本、高效殺菌的新型凈水技術(shù)成為本課題需要研究的內(nèi)容。隨著近幾年來納米技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,納米顆粒在許多領(lǐng)域上獲得應(yīng)用,而納米銀作為一種優(yōu)良的滅菌試劑,其較高的穩(wěn)定性、廣譜抗菌等優(yōu)勢被廣泛關(guān)注。本課題利用具有優(yōu)良的滅菌特性的納米銀,將其負(fù)載于活性炭,制備出一種新型負(fù)載納米銀的活性炭材料,解決農(nóng)村飲用水與城市二次供水中大腸桿菌含量超標(biāo)的問題。本文首先通過對納米銀活性炭材料進(jìn)行選擇,同時對其燒制條件進(jìn)行研究與優(yōu)化,其次研究納米銀活性炭殺菌性能,并通過不同方法表征對納米銀活性炭進(jìn)行表征分析與研究,綜合分析比較材料對殺菌性能的影響,同時對如何提高殺菌效率的活性炭改性進(jìn)行研究。最后,研究納米銀活性炭在實(shí)際應(yīng)用方面的效果,并與其他凈水技術(shù)進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)對比分析。結(jié)果表明:礦物顆粒活性炭作為負(fù)載原料,燒制出來的納米銀活性炭殺菌效率高,實(shí)際負(fù)載到活性炭上的銀含量范圍在91.8~97.7%;燒制條件優(yōu)化中,600℃條件下燒制的納米銀活性炭,晶體結(jié)晶度更好,納米銀顆粒更小,最終選擇實(shí)際燒制溫度為600℃,銀溶液浸泡活性炭的作用時間為6 h。表征分析結(jié)果說明納米銀在活性炭表面均勻分布,納米銀顆粒直徑分布在10~50 nm之間,符合其納米級尺寸。通過活性炭硝酸酸洗改性及殼聚糖改性均可以不同程度增強(qiáng)材料的殺菌性能。在高濃度(105 CFU/m L)與低濃度(103CFU/m L)大腸桿菌超標(biāo)原水的連續(xù)流殺菌試驗(yàn)中,納米銀活性炭均能保證穩(wěn)定的安全性,但對于高濃度大腸桿菌超標(biāo)的原水的連續(xù)流殺菌會縮短納米銀活性炭的使用壽命。納米銀活性炭與傳統(tǒng)載銀活性炭和膜過濾技術(shù)相比,具有高效殺菌、成本可控等技術(shù)優(yōu)勢,有很廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Drinking water in rural areas and secondary water supply in cities have the risk of exceeding the standard of all kinds of pollutants, especially in Escherichia coli. At present, the existing treatment methods for Escherichia coli in drinking water are low efficiency, poor effect, high economic cost, and still lack of effective methods in the treatment of Escherichia coli in drinking water. Therefore, it is necessary to study a new type of water purification technology with low cost and high efficiency in practical application. With the rapid development of nanotechnology in recent years, nanoparticles have been applied in many fields. As a kind of excellent sterilizing reagent, silver nanoparticles have many advantages such as high stability, wide spectrum antibacterial and so on. In this paper, a new type of activated carbon material loaded with nano-silver was prepared by using nano-silver with excellent sterilizing characteristics, which was loaded on activated carbon. The problem of Escherichia coli in drinking water and secondary water supply in rural areas was solved. In this paper, first of all, through the selection of nano-silver activated carbon materials, at the same time, the sintering conditions were studied and optimized. Secondly, the bactericidal properties of nano-silver activated carbon were studied, and the characterization and analysis of nano-silver activated carbon were carried out by different methods. The influence of the materials on the bactericidal properties was analyzed and the modification of activated carbon was studied on how to improve the bactericidal efficiency. Finally, the effect of nano-silver activated carbon in practical application was studied and compared with other water purification technologies. The results showed that the nano-silver activated carbon fired from mineral granular activated carbon as the loading material had high bactericidal efficiency, and the silver content on the activated carbon actually loaded on the activated carbon was 91.87.77.The sintering conditions were optimized under the condition of 600 鈩,
本文編號:2230129
[Abstract]:Drinking water in rural areas and secondary water supply in cities have the risk of exceeding the standard of all kinds of pollutants, especially in Escherichia coli. At present, the existing treatment methods for Escherichia coli in drinking water are low efficiency, poor effect, high economic cost, and still lack of effective methods in the treatment of Escherichia coli in drinking water. Therefore, it is necessary to study a new type of water purification technology with low cost and high efficiency in practical application. With the rapid development of nanotechnology in recent years, nanoparticles have been applied in many fields. As a kind of excellent sterilizing reagent, silver nanoparticles have many advantages such as high stability, wide spectrum antibacterial and so on. In this paper, a new type of activated carbon material loaded with nano-silver was prepared by using nano-silver with excellent sterilizing characteristics, which was loaded on activated carbon. The problem of Escherichia coli in drinking water and secondary water supply in rural areas was solved. In this paper, first of all, through the selection of nano-silver activated carbon materials, at the same time, the sintering conditions were studied and optimized. Secondly, the bactericidal properties of nano-silver activated carbon were studied, and the characterization and analysis of nano-silver activated carbon were carried out by different methods. The influence of the materials on the bactericidal properties was analyzed and the modification of activated carbon was studied on how to improve the bactericidal efficiency. Finally, the effect of nano-silver activated carbon in practical application was studied and compared with other water purification technologies. The results showed that the nano-silver activated carbon fired from mineral granular activated carbon as the loading material had high bactericidal efficiency, and the silver content on the activated carbon actually loaded on the activated carbon was 91.87.77.The sintering conditions were optimized under the condition of 600 鈩,
本文編號:2230129
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/guanlilunwen/chengjian/2230129.html
最近更新
教材專著