整合碳排放評(píng)價(jià)的中國綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-05 09:44
【摘要】：自2009年哥本哈根會(huì)議上我國政府承諾到2020年，單位DGP的CO2排放量比2005年降低40%~45%以來，，節(jié)能減排成為我國建筑業(yè)的“十二五”發(fā)展目標(biāo)。目前我國低碳建筑的發(fā)展存在諸多問題，主要表現(xiàn)在國家政策、建筑碳排放核算方法和低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三個(gè)層面：低碳建筑概念不清導(dǎo)致低碳建筑設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果分散；政府管理者缺乏有效工具客觀評(píng)估建筑的碳排放水平，無法實(shí)施財(cái)稅獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)政策以及建立碳交易市場；投資者利益驅(qū)動(dòng)不足，無法從低碳建筑投資中獲得應(yīng)有回報(bào)；業(yè)主對(duì)低碳建筑沒有切身感受，無法通過權(quán)威的認(rèn)證標(biāo)簽識(shí)別低碳建筑產(chǎn)品。因此，我國亟需建立科學(xué)合理的低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系，為各方?jīng)Q策提供客觀的依據(jù)。 文章系統(tǒng)梳理并比較了國內(nèi)外六個(gè)典型低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系的主要特征、評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象、評(píng)價(jià)工具、指標(biāo)體系、分值構(gòu)成、權(quán)重系統(tǒng)、評(píng)估流程和評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，指出我國低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系現(xiàn)存的共性問題：實(shí)施過程缺乏政府政策引導(dǎo)；評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象范圍有限；評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)缺乏明確詳細(xì)的核算方法；沒有建立綜合打分體系；沒有建立獨(dú)立權(quán)重系統(tǒng)；評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果的輸出形式過于抽象。繼而，從現(xiàn)存問題的三個(gè)關(guān)鍵角度有針對(duì)性的研究了建筑碳足跡、指標(biāo)基準(zhǔn)和評(píng)價(jià)體系權(quán)重系統(tǒng)，提出了適合我國國情的確定方法與技術(shù)路線。在此基礎(chǔ)上，建立起建筑環(huán)境性能綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系框架的理論模型，明確了評(píng)價(jià)體系基本特征、系統(tǒng)規(guī)則、系統(tǒng)要素和評(píng)價(jià)工具群的內(nèi)在邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。 在建筑環(huán)境性能綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系框架理論模型的指導(dǎo)下，以我國《綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》為研究基礎(chǔ)，以完善我國綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系碳排放性能評(píng)價(jià)視域?yàn)槟繕?biāo)，構(gòu)建整合碳排放評(píng)價(jià)的中國綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系框架，針對(duì)天津地區(qū)住宅/辦公建筑特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)子系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。探討了建筑碳排放評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)項(xiàng)、數(shù)學(xué)模型、指標(biāo)基準(zhǔn)、權(quán)重因子、評(píng)級(jí)基準(zhǔn)和評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表達(dá)方式，制定了天津地區(qū)新建辦公建筑特征標(biāo)簽工具打分表，并開發(fā)了便于用戶自評(píng)價(jià)的軟件工具及建筑碳排放LCA輔助工具。最后，應(yīng)用評(píng)價(jià)軟件和建筑碳排放LCA工具對(duì)天津大學(xué)1895建筑創(chuàng)意大廈進(jìn)行了試評(píng)估，驗(yàn)證了評(píng)價(jià)體系的科學(xué)性及實(shí)用價(jià)值。 本文提出的整合碳排放評(píng)價(jià)的中國綠色建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系框架和天津地區(qū)新建辦公建筑特征標(biāo)簽工具，可以為我國現(xiàn)有綠色/低碳建筑評(píng)價(jià)體系的優(yōu)化與完善提供理論與決策支持。
[Abstract]:Since our government promised in Copenhagen in 2009 to reduce the CO2 emissions per unit of DGP by 40% and 45% compared with 2005 by 2020, energy saving and emission reduction has become the "12th Five-Year Plan" development goal of China's construction industry. At present, there are many problems in the development of low-carbon buildings in China, which are mainly reflected in the national policy, the carbon emission accounting method of buildings and the evaluation standards of low-carbon buildings: the concept of low-carbon buildings is unclear and the design results of low-carbon buildings are scattered; Government managers lack of effective tools to objectively assess the level of carbon emissions of buildings, can not implement fiscal and tax incentives and establish a carbon trading market, investors are not driven enough to obtain due returns from low-carbon construction investment; Owners have no personal feelings for low-carbon buildings and cannot identify low-carbon building products through authoritative certification labels. Therefore, it is urgent for China to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for low-carbon buildings to provide an objective basis for all parties to make decisions. This paper systematically combs and compares the main characteristics, evaluation objects, evaluation tools, index system, scoring system, weight system, evaluation process and evaluation results of six typical low-carbon building evaluation systems at home and abroad. This paper points out the common problems existing in the evaluation system of low-carbon buildings in China: the lack of government policy guidance in the implementation process, the limited scope of the evaluation objects, the lack of clear and detailed accounting methods for the evaluation indicators, the absence of a comprehensive scoring system, and the lack of a comprehensive scoring system. There is no independent weight system; the output form of evaluation results is too abstract. Then, from the three key angles of the existing problems, the paper studies the building carbon footprint, the index benchmark and the weight system of the evaluation system, and puts forward the determination method and technical route suitable for the national conditions of our country. On this basis, the theoretical model of the comprehensive evaluation system framework for building environmental performance is established, and the basic characteristics, system rules, system elements and the inherent logical structure of the evaluation tool group are defined. Under the guidance of the theoretical model of the comprehensive evaluation system of building environmental performance, based on the evaluation standard of green building in China, the aim of this paper is to improve the perspective of carbon emission performance evaluation of green building evaluation system in China. The evaluation system framework of Chinese green building integrated carbon emission assessment is constructed. According to the characteristics of residential / office buildings in Tianjin, the evaluation subsystem is developed. The evaluation index items, mathematical model, index datum, weight factor, rating benchmark and expression method of evaluation result of building carbon emission are discussed, and the scoring table of characteristic label tool for new office building in Tianjin area is established. A software tool for user self-evaluation and a building carbon emission LCA assistant tool are developed. Finally, the evaluation software and building carbon emission LCA tool are applied to evaluate the creative building of Tianjin University 1895, which verifies the scientific and practical value of the evaluation system. In this paper, the framework of Chinese green building evaluation system integrated with carbon emission assessment and the new office building feature label tool in Tianjin area can provide theoretical and decision-making support for the optimization and improvement of the existing green / low-carbon building evaluation system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU201.5
本文編號(hào)：2223907
[Abstract]:Since our government promised in Copenhagen in 2009 to reduce the CO2 emissions per unit of DGP by 40% and 45% compared with 2005 by 2020, energy saving and emission reduction has become the "12th Five-Year Plan" development goal of China's construction industry. At present, there are many problems in the development of low-carbon buildings in China, which are mainly reflected in the national policy, the carbon emission accounting method of buildings and the evaluation standards of low-carbon buildings: the concept of low-carbon buildings is unclear and the design results of low-carbon buildings are scattered; Government managers lack of effective tools to objectively assess the level of carbon emissions of buildings, can not implement fiscal and tax incentives and establish a carbon trading market, investors are not driven enough to obtain due returns from low-carbon construction investment; Owners have no personal feelings for low-carbon buildings and cannot identify low-carbon building products through authoritative certification labels. Therefore, it is urgent for China to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for low-carbon buildings to provide an objective basis for all parties to make decisions. This paper systematically combs and compares the main characteristics, evaluation objects, evaluation tools, index system, scoring system, weight system, evaluation process and evaluation results of six typical low-carbon building evaluation systems at home and abroad. This paper points out the common problems existing in the evaluation system of low-carbon buildings in China: the lack of government policy guidance in the implementation process, the limited scope of the evaluation objects, the lack of clear and detailed accounting methods for the evaluation indicators, the absence of a comprehensive scoring system, and the lack of a comprehensive scoring system. There is no independent weight system; the output form of evaluation results is too abstract. Then, from the three key angles of the existing problems, the paper studies the building carbon footprint, the index benchmark and the weight system of the evaluation system, and puts forward the determination method and technical route suitable for the national conditions of our country. On this basis, the theoretical model of the comprehensive evaluation system framework for building environmental performance is established, and the basic characteristics, system rules, system elements and the inherent logical structure of the evaluation tool group are defined. Under the guidance of the theoretical model of the comprehensive evaluation system of building environmental performance, based on the evaluation standard of green building in China, the aim of this paper is to improve the perspective of carbon emission performance evaluation of green building evaluation system in China. The evaluation system framework of Chinese green building integrated carbon emission assessment is constructed. According to the characteristics of residential / office buildings in Tianjin, the evaluation subsystem is developed. The evaluation index items, mathematical model, index datum, weight factor, rating benchmark and expression method of evaluation result of building carbon emission are discussed, and the scoring table of characteristic label tool for new office building in Tianjin area is established. A software tool for user self-evaluation and a building carbon emission LCA assistant tool are developed. Finally, the evaluation software and building carbon emission LCA tool are applied to evaluate the creative building of Tianjin University 1895, which verifies the scientific and practical value of the evaluation system. In this paper, the framework of Chinese green building evaluation system integrated with carbon emission assessment and the new office building feature label tool in Tianjin area can provide theoretical and decision-making support for the optimization and improvement of the existing green / low-carbon building evaluation system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU201.5
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