【摘要】：采礦業(yè)是包括中國在內(nèi)的世界上許多國家的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)和關(guān)鍵經(jīng)濟(jì)因素。工業(yè)革命以來的采礦業(yè)走過了數(shù)百年歷程。隨著礦業(yè)資源開采的日漸枯竭，在采礦所在地留下了滿目瘡痍、難以利用的土地。在礦業(yè)生產(chǎn)能力和土地美學(xué)價(jià)值被破壞的同時(shí)，其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的功能和結(jié)構(gòu)也嚴(yán)重退化。世界各地存在大量的采礦遺留問題，除了礦業(yè)開采留下的殘存的場地和設(shè)備，破敗的環(huán)境及貧困的社區(qū)幾乎發(fā)生在每一個(gè)礦業(yè)開采地區(qū)。這些礦區(qū)廢棄地對于當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐣?huì)發(fā)展而言是一把雙刃劍，倘若它們能得到積極有效的改善，不僅可以修補(bǔ)生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和空間肌理，而且可以提高土地使用效率和價(jià)值，并激活那些衰敗、蕭條的空間，從而促進(jìn)社會(huì)積極有序地發(fā)展。為此，許多國家對礦區(qū)廢棄地采取積極的態(tài)度，希望通過礦區(qū)場地環(huán)境的改造，使其成為社會(huì)發(fā)展的新動(dòng)力。 在當(dāng)前土地資源日趨緊張，生態(tài)污染嚴(yán)重，產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)升級的背景下，我國采取了關(guān)停采礦生產(chǎn)場地和控制其規(guī)模以及其他政策和行政措施，并不斷深入到礦區(qū)生態(tài)恢復(fù)工程和技術(shù)方面的研究。在此基礎(chǔ)上如何通過景觀重建規(guī)劃，完成生態(tài)恢復(fù)，，將這些采礦場由廢地變成寶地，這一直是國內(nèi)外專家們共同關(guān)注的主題。這個(gè)問題不僅關(guān)系到礦業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的協(xié)調(diào)，而且關(guān)系到礦區(qū)環(huán)境改善、礦區(qū)信心重振和生活質(zhì)量提升，歸根到底，促進(jìn)社會(huì)的和諧與進(jìn)步。 礦區(qū)廢棄地的生態(tài)恢復(fù)是一個(gè)廣泛而漫長的過程，需要集中許多專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)人員的知識(shí)和能力，相關(guān)專業(yè)包括生物學(xué)和生態(tài)學(xué)專家、采礦工程師、土木工程師、景觀設(shè)計(jì)師和環(huán)境工程師等。如果從一開始就將景觀規(guī)劃作為生態(tài)恢復(fù)過程的一部分，生態(tài)恢復(fù)的過程和結(jié)果會(huì)有什么不同？帶著這樣的思考，論文主要探討了景觀規(guī)劃在礦區(qū)廢棄地生態(tài)恢復(fù)過程中發(fā)揮的關(guān)鍵作用。 本文在閱讀大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，重新梳理了礦區(qū)廢棄地的相關(guān)概念和其生態(tài)恢復(fù)和景觀規(guī)劃的理論基礎(chǔ)。通過從多元視角對國內(nèi)外礦區(qū)廢棄地生態(tài)恢復(fù)與景觀規(guī)劃有代表性的案例進(jìn)行剖析和總結(jié)，提出基于生態(tài)恢復(fù)的礦區(qū)廢棄地景觀規(guī)劃策略；并且以南京市幕府山景觀規(guī)劃為例，將理論和實(shí)踐相互結(jié)合和論證。這些研究對指導(dǎo)我國礦區(qū)廢棄地的綜合治理具有一定的理論和實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:Mining industry is an important industry and key economic factor in many countries including China. The mining industry has gone through hundreds of years since the industrial revolution. As the mining industry dries up, the mining site is left with scarred and unusable land. With the destruction of mining production capacity and aesthetic value of land, the function and structure of ecosystem are degraded seriously. There are a lot of mining legacies around the world, except for the remaining sites and equipment left by mining, the dilapidated environment and poor communities occurring in almost every mining area. These abandoned mining areas are a double-edged sword for local social development, and if they are actively and effectively improved, they can not only repair ecological networks and spatial texture, but also improve the efficiency and value of land use. And activate those decaying, depressed space, thus promoting the positive and orderly development of society. Therefore, many countries take a positive attitude towards the abandoned mining area, hoping to make it a new motive force for social development through the transformation of the mining site environment. Under the background of the increasing shortage of land resources, serious ecological pollution and industrial upgrading, China has taken measures to close down mining production sites and control their scale, as well as other policies and administrative measures. And continue to go deep into the mining area ecological restoration engineering and technical research. On this basis, how to complete the ecological restoration through the landscape reconstruction planning, and how to turn these mining sites from waste land into precious land has been the common theme of experts at home and abroad. This problem relates not only to the coordination of mining economic development and environmental protection, but also to the improvement of mining environment, the revival of confidence and the improvement of quality of life in mining areas. In the final analysis, it promotes the harmony and progress of society. Ecological restoration of mining wasteland is an extensive and lengthy process that requires the pooling of the knowledge and capabilities of a number of professionals, including biological and ecological experts, mining engineers, civil engineers, Landscape architect and environmental engineer, etc. If landscape planning is part of the ecological restoration process from the beginning, what is the difference between the process and the outcome of ecological restoration? With this thinking, the paper mainly discusses the key role of landscape planning in the process of ecological restoration of abandoned land in mining area. On the basis of reading a large number of documents, this paper reorganizes the related concepts of mining wasteland and the theoretical basis of ecological restoration and landscape planning. Through analyzing and summing up the representative cases of ecological restoration and landscape planning of abandoned land in mining area from multiple perspectives, this paper puts forward the landscape planning strategy of abandoned land in mining area based on ecological restoration, and takes the landscape planning of shogunshan in Nanjing as an example. Combine theory and practice with each other. These studies have certain theoretical and practical significance to guide the comprehensive management of mining wasteland in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.114

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