【摘要】：對(duì)大跨鋼結(jié)構(gòu)而言,由于其結(jié)構(gòu)施工過(guò)程龐大復(fù)雜,施工方法和施工工藝繁瑣,在施工階段出現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概率要比其他結(jié)構(gòu)要高。而大型復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)的一旦發(fā)生事故,其影響和后果是極其嚴(yán)重的,因此,有必要針對(duì)大型空間結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行施工全過(guò)程監(jiān)測(cè)及模擬分析以了解結(jié)構(gòu)在施工階段的力學(xué)特性,同時(shí)研究結(jié)構(gòu)施工過(guò)程中的一系列相關(guān)問(wèn)題。 由于受到施工階段現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件的制約,國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)于大跨空間結(jié)構(gòu)的監(jiān)測(cè)大多是針對(duì)施工階段的某一過(guò)程進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),如卸載過(guò)程、提升過(guò)程、開(kāi)合過(guò)程,而目前對(duì)于結(jié)構(gòu)施工全過(guò)程的監(jiān)測(cè)和研究很少。為此,課題組開(kāi)發(fā)了基于無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的大跨結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)測(cè)系統(tǒng),并運(yùn)用該系統(tǒng)對(duì)紹興體育場(chǎng)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工全過(guò)程的應(yīng)力、溫度、位移進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)。 本文根據(jù)施工方案建立鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工階段有限元模型,采用生死單元法對(duì)體育場(chǎng)施工全過(guò)程模擬分析,研究結(jié)構(gòu)施工全過(guò)程的應(yīng)力曲線(xiàn)變化規(guī)律,給出了施工完成后所測(cè)構(gòu)件應(yīng)力的絕對(duì)值大小,總結(jié)了影響體育場(chǎng)施工階段應(yīng)力變化的主要因素。 針對(duì)影響體育場(chǎng)施工階段應(yīng)力變化的兩個(gè)因素(拆除支撐和溫度變化)分別進(jìn)行分析研究。根據(jù)卸載方案建立體育館卸載過(guò)程的有限元模型,對(duì)主體鋼結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元模擬,由于施工階段結(jié)構(gòu)邊界支承條件難以確定,本文給出了不同支座約束條件下的有限元理論計(jì)算值,將模擬值與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較,分析其變化規(guī)律。同時(shí),對(duì)體育場(chǎng)卸載階段的溫度變化以及支座水平位移進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),并采用有限元模型進(jìn)行卸載期間溫度效應(yīng)和卸載不同步性的模擬計(jì)算。 對(duì)于體育場(chǎng)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)在施工過(guò)程中特殊氣候條件(持續(xù)高溫和低溫)下的溫度變化所產(chǎn)生的溫度應(yīng)力,本文以大量實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),詳細(xì)研究了溫度與應(yīng)力的關(guān)系及溫度變化所產(chǎn)生溫度應(yīng)力的大小,給出了結(jié)構(gòu)在不均勻溫度場(chǎng)下的實(shí)測(cè)溫度分布規(guī)律,通過(guò)有限元模擬分析結(jié)構(gòu)在不均勻溫度場(chǎng)作用下的溫度應(yīng)力,得到構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力變化理論值,將其與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比。 通過(guò)介紹紹興體育場(chǎng)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)屋蓋的施工監(jiān)測(cè)實(shí)踐,希望針對(duì)大型空間鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工監(jiān)測(cè)工作提出一些有益的探索,為將來(lái)開(kāi)展全面意義上的大型空間鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施工診斷積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:For large-span steel structures, the construction process is huge and complex, the construction method and construction technology is cumbersome, and the risk probability in the construction stage is higher than that of other structures. However, the impact and consequence of large-scale complex structures are extremely serious once accidents occur. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and simulate the whole construction process of large space structures in order to understand the mechanical characteristics of the structures in the construction stage. At the same time, a series of related problems in the process of structure construction are studied. Because of the restriction of site conditions in construction stage, the monitoring of large span spatial structure in China is mostly aimed at a certain process in construction stage, such as unloading process, lifting process, opening and closing process, etc. At present, the monitoring and research on the whole process of structure construction is rare. Therefore, a large span structure measurement system based on wireless sensor network has been developed and used to monitor the stress, temperature and displacement of the steel structure of Shaoxing Stadium during the whole construction process. In this paper, the finite element model of steel structure in construction stage is established according to the construction plan, and the whole process of stadium construction is simulated and analyzed by the birth and death element method, and the variation law of stress curve in the whole construction process of the structure is studied. The absolute value of the stress of the members measured after construction is given, and the main factors influencing the stress change in the construction stage of the stadium are summarized. This paper analyzes and studies two factors which affect the stress change in the construction stage of the stadium (demolition bracing and temperature change). According to the unloading scheme, the finite element model of the unloading process of gymnasium is established, and the finite element simulation of the main steel structure is carried out. In this paper, the theoretical calculation values of finite element under different support constraints are given. The simulated values are compared with the measured data, and the variation law is analyzed. At the same time, the temperature change and the horizontal displacement of the support are monitored during the unloading stage of the stadium. The finite element model is used to simulate the temperature effect and the dissynchrony of the unloading during the unloading period. Based on a large number of measured data, the temperature stress of stadium-steel structure under special climatic conditions (continuous high temperature and low temperature) during construction is studied in this paper. The relationship between temperature and stress and the magnitude of temperature stress caused by temperature change are studied in detail. The measured temperature distribution law of the structure under non-uniform temperature field is given. Through the finite element simulation analysis of the temperature stress of the structure under the action of the inhomogeneous temperature field, the theoretical value of the stress variation of the component is obtained and compared with the measured data. Through introducing the construction monitoring practice of the steel structure roof of Shaoxing Stadium, this paper hopes to put forward some beneficial exploration for the construction monitoring work of the large space steel structure, so as to accumulate experience in the construction diagnosis of the large space steel structure in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU393.3;TU758.11

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