【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展和工程技術(shù)的日益成熟,許多城市正在開(kāi)展“城市雙中心”的建設(shè),力求打造經(jīng)濟(jì)、娛樂(lè)、文化等多重元素集合的綜合發(fā)展區(qū),大型的基坑建筑群不斷涌現(xiàn),工程建設(shè)的范圍在持續(xù)擴(kuò)大。為了保證基坑施工過(guò)程中具有干作業(yè)面,避免發(fā)生流砂、坑底突涌等危險(xiǎn),將根據(jù)場(chǎng)地的水文地質(zhì)情況選擇合適的降水方式進(jìn)行基坑降水�；咏邓厝粫�(huì)引起基坑周圍地下水環(huán)境的改變,目前,許多工程設(shè)計(jì)和研究人員展開(kāi)了關(guān)于基坑降水對(duì)周邊環(huán)境影響的研究,也取得了一些成果,但是當(dāng)基坑開(kāi)挖的深度和廣度加大,工程的建設(shè)周期延長(zhǎng),多個(gè)基坑同時(shí)施工時(shí),我們所面臨的基坑降水問(wèn)題將是區(qū)域性的。區(qū)域大面積降水所引發(fā)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題已經(jīng)引起了人們的重視,其影響主要包括水環(huán)境的影響和地面不均勻沉降影響,針對(duì)這一課題,本文以天津市于家堡金融建設(shè)區(qū)為依托,采用Modflow地下水三維數(shù)值模擬軟件進(jìn)行了各種不同工況的模擬,研究區(qū)域降水對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響。根據(jù)于家堡金融起步區(qū)一期基坑的實(shí)際降水設(shè)計(jì),分別模擬了基坑內(nèi)一個(gè)區(qū)域單獨(dú)降水、兩個(gè)區(qū)域同時(shí)降水、三個(gè)區(qū)域同時(shí)降水這三種工況,從模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行環(huán)境影響的探討。而后進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)大型基坑同時(shí)進(jìn)行基坑降水的環(huán)境影響分析,根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果,可以看出當(dāng)多個(gè)基坑同時(shí)進(jìn)行降水施工時(shí),會(huì)形成大面積的區(qū)域降水,對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響范圍和程度會(huì)隨著降深和抽水量的增加而擴(kuò)大,使水資源大量流失并且造成地面的不均勻沉降。為了控制區(qū)域大面積降水對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響,應(yīng)采取一定的控水措施。采用數(shù)值模擬軟件分析了三種控水措施的作用,分別為止水帷幕的作用、降水井布置方式的影響、設(shè)置回灌井的作用。實(shí)際上,控水措施的目的是在保證基坑工程能夠順利展開(kāi)的前提下,使其對(duì)環(huán)境的擾動(dòng)最小,一方面保證了周圍建筑物和地下管線的安全,另一方面節(jié)約了水資源,既完成了經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的要求,又做到了環(huán)境保護(hù),以利于長(zhǎng)久發(fā)展。從模擬結(jié)果可以看出,如果在開(kāi)展基坑降水時(shí)采取相應(yīng)的控水措施,其對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響深度和廣度要遠(yuǎn)小于不采取控水措施,并且這三種不同的控水措施各有其特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì),在降低環(huán)境影響上有不同程度的效果。在實(shí)際工程中,可以根據(jù)地區(qū)的特點(diǎn)和工程要求,進(jìn)行綜合分析,從而采取既有效又經(jīng)濟(jì)的控水措施,保證基坑施工的順利進(jìn)行并且使環(huán)境影響降到最低,達(dá)到經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護(hù)雙贏的目的。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of economic construction and the maturation of engineering technology in our country, many cities are carrying out the construction of "urban dual centers" in order to create a comprehensive development area with multiple elements, such as economy, entertainment, culture, etc. Large-scale foundation pit buildings continue to emerge, the scope of engineering construction continues to expand. In order to ensure the dry working surface during foundation pit construction and avoid the danger of quicksand and outburst of pit bottom, the proper dewatering method will be selected according to the hydrogeological conditions of the site. Foundation pit dewatering will inevitably lead to the change of groundwater environment around the foundation pit. At present, many engineering designers and researchers have carried out research on the impact of foundation pit dewatering on the surrounding environment, and some achievements have been made. However, when the excavation depth and width of foundation pit are enlarged, the construction period is prolonged, and several foundation pits are constructed at the same time, the problem of foundation pit dewatering will be regional. The environmental problems caused by regional precipitation have attracted people's attention, which mainly include the influence of water environment and uneven subsidence of the land. In view of this problem, this paper relies on the financial construction area of Tianjin Yujiabu. The effects of regional precipitation on the surrounding environment were studied by using Modflow three-dimensional numerical simulation software of groundwater in various working conditions. According to the actual dewatering design of the first foundation pit in Yujiabu financial starting area, the paper simulates the three conditions of single precipitation in one area, simultaneous precipitation in two regions and simultaneous precipitation in three regions, respectively. The environmental impact is discussed from the simulation results. Based on the simulation results, it can be seen that when several foundation pits are constructed simultaneously, a large area of dewatering will be formed. The range and degree of influence on the surrounding environment will expand with the increase of the depth and pumping capacity, resulting in a large loss of water resources and the uneven settlement of the land. In order to control the influence of large area precipitation on the surrounding environment, some water control measures should be taken. The effects of three kinds of water control measures are analyzed by using numerical simulation software. They are the function of water stop curtain, the influence of precipitation well layout, and the function of setting up recharge well. In fact, the purpose of the water control measures is to minimize the disturbance to the environment on the premise that the foundation pit works can be carried out smoothly, on the one hand to ensure the safety of the surrounding buildings and underground pipelines, and on the other hand, to save water resources. Not only has completed the economic construction request, also has achieved the environmental protection, in order to benefit the long-term development. From the simulation results, it can be seen that if the corresponding water control measures are taken in the dewatering of foundation pit, the depth and breadth of the impact on the surrounding environment are much smaller than those without the water control measures, and each of the three water control measures has its own characteristics and advantages. In reducing the environmental impact has varying degrees of effect. In the actual engineering, comprehensive analysis can be carried out according to the characteristics of the area and the engineering requirements, so as to take effective and economical water control measures to ensure the smooth construction of the foundation pit and minimize the environmental impact. To achieve a win-win economic construction and environmental protection purposes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU753.66

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