【摘要】：人口老齡化是當(dāng)前不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的全球性趨勢,我國大城市中心區(qū)域的人口老齡化問題較為突出,在當(dāng)前以居家養(yǎng)老作為最主要養(yǎng)老方式的背景下,選取大城市中心區(qū)域既有社區(qū)的養(yǎng)老設(shè)施作為研究對象具有十分重要的意義,還可以為我國其它人口老齡化程度相對還不高的地區(qū)和城市提供借鑒。本文主要從建筑學(xué)和規(guī)劃學(xué)的角度出發(fā),運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料研究、實(shí)地調(diào)研、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析研究、案例分析等方法針對大城市中心區(qū)域既有社區(qū)的養(yǎng)老設(shè)施進(jìn)行優(yōu)化研究。 本文首先參照構(gòu)建完善的社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)應(yīng)考慮的基本因素和國際上關(guān)于完善的社區(qū)老齡生活已有的理論,從設(shè)施的類型和功能配置、可達(dá)性以及適老性三方面簡要概述完善的社區(qū)養(yǎng)老設(shè)施應(yīng)具備的特征。 然后根據(jù)實(shí)地調(diào)研的情況,將大城市中心區(qū)域既有社區(qū)分為20世紀(jì)90年代之前和20世紀(jì)90年代至今已建成的社區(qū)這兩類分別進(jìn)行研究,主要從社區(qū)的特點(diǎn)、社區(qū)養(yǎng)老設(shè)施存在的問題及優(yōu)化研究中可借鑒的案例三方面進(jìn)行闡述,此兩類社區(qū)都存在設(shè)施類型、可達(dá)性以及適老性方面的問題。前者(A類)：設(shè)施類型少且功能單一；可達(dá)性方面存在數(shù)量嚴(yán)重不足、規(guī)模小、服務(wù)半徑小且位置不佳的問題；適老性方面存在安全性和舒適性的問題。后者(B類)：類型方面雖較前者有改進(jìn)但仍不夠全面和精細(xì)因而無法滿足各種老年人群的多種需求；可達(dá)性方面,設(shè)施的數(shù)量和規(guī)模雖較前者有所增加但仍不夠滿足需求并且老年人到達(dá)設(shè)施的便捷性和安全性也不夠高；適老性方面仍存在安全性和舒適性的問題。論文從政策、市場和資源、技術(shù)三方面對問題背后的成因進(jìn)行了分析。 論文最后提出優(yōu)化的目標(biāo)、原則和策略,然后針對上文總結(jié)的問題,主要從設(shè)施類型、可達(dá)性以及硬件和細(xì)節(jié)方面的適老性三方面出發(fā)分別對這兩類社區(qū)內(nèi)的養(yǎng)老設(shè)施進(jìn)行優(yōu)化方法的研究。
[Abstract]:Population aging is an irreversible global trend at present. The problem of population aging in the central areas of big cities in our country is more prominent. Under the background of taking home pension as the most important way of providing for the aged at present, It is of great significance to select the old-age facilities of the existing communities in the central areas of big cities as the research objects, and can also provide reference for other regions and cities with relatively low degree of population aging in China. From the point of view of architecture and planning, this paper applies the methods of literature research, field investigation, statistical analysis and case analysis to optimize the old-age facilities in the existing communities in the central areas of big cities. First of all, according to the basic factors which should be considered in constructing the perfect community old-age care service and the existing theories about the perfect community aging life in the world, this paper starts with the type and function of the facilities. This paper briefly summarizes the characteristics of the perfect community pension facilities in three aspects: accessibility and senility. Then, according to the situation of field research, the existing communities in the central areas of large cities are divided into two types: the communities before the 1990s and the communities that have been completed since the 1990s, mainly from the characteristics of the communities. The problems existing in the community pension facilities and the case studies on the optimization are discussed in three aspects: the types of facilities the accessibility and the adaptability of the facilities in these two communities. The former (category A): facilities with few types and single functions; the problem of serious shortage of access, small scale, small radius of service and poor location; the problem of safety and comfort in the aspect of aging. The latter (category B): the typology, while improved from the former, is still not comprehensive and sophisticated enough to meet the diverse needs of a wide range of older people; accessibility, The number and scale of facilities are larger than that of the former, but not enough to meet the demand, and the convenience and safety of the elderly to reach the facilities are not high enough, and the problem of safety and comfort still exists in the aspect of aging. The paper analyzes the causes of the problem from three aspects: policy, market, resources and technology. Finally, the paper puts forward the objectives, principles and strategies of optimization, and then aims at the problems summarized above, mainly from the types of facilities, Based on the three aspects of accessibility and aging in hardware and detail, the optimization methods of old-age facilities in these two communities are studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU984.12

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