本文選題：秸稈 + 氯氧鎂水泥　； 參考：《蘭州理工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國農(nóng)村房屋建筑材料中約70%是墻體材料,仍以黏土磚占據(jù)主導地位,生產(chǎn)黏土磚不僅耗費耕地資源,污染環(huán)境,而且其砌筑的墻體保溫隔熱性能差,耗能高。因此,研發(fā)適合我國農(nóng)村建筑用新型建筑墻體材料是當務之急。 秸稈作為天然材料,是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中的副產(chǎn)品之一,我國有豐富的秸稈資源,常作為農(nóng)業(yè)垃圾焚燒,利用率僅占5%左右。其有輕質(zhì)保溫的優(yōu)點,但易燃燒。氯氧鎂水泥是一種無機膠凝材料,其主要組成成分氧化鎂和氯化鎂在我國儲量巨多。氯氧鎂水泥具有良好的抗壓強度、抗折強度、耐火性和粘接性,但其耐水性差、易返鹵泛白、易變形。氯氧鎂秸稈墻材以氯氧鎂水泥為膠凝材料,秸稈為骨架材料和纖維增強材料,添加特定的改性外加劑,融合兩種材料的優(yōu)點,避單一材料之缺點,是待研發(fā)的一種新型環(huán)保節(jié)能材料。 本研究課題從氯氧鎂秸稈墻材的容重、強度、導熱系數(shù)等主要控制參數(shù)出發(fā),先通過大量試驗試配出秸稈墻材的配合比。在試配配合比下,測定秸稈墻材的力學性能和熱學性能,再由材料的主控目標性能調(diào)整配合比,經(jīng)過反復試配,最終得到最優(yōu)配合比。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)氯氧鎂秸稈墻材不僅具有容重低、強度高、導熱系數(shù)小等一系列傳統(tǒng)燒結(jié)砌體不具有的優(yōu)點,而且抗折強度高,具有一定的柔性。同時由于難燃的氯氧鎂水泥對秸稈包裹保護作用,秸稈墻材的燃燒等級也較高,屬難燃材料。正是由于上述優(yōu)點,農(nóng)村秸稈墻材可作為一種新型保溫節(jié)能建筑墻材,是傳統(tǒng)粘土磚的優(yōu)良替代品。最后,對本文將氯氧鎂秸稈墻材墻體與現(xiàn)行保溫墻體進行比較,說明秸稈墻體不僅能消除火災隱患,而且秸稈墻體能和主體結(jié)構(gòu)同壽命,進一步說明其在農(nóng)村推廣的可行性和價值。
[Abstract]:About 70% of the building materials of rural houses in our country are wall materials, which are still dominated by clay bricks. The production of clay bricks not only consumes cultivated land resources and pollutes the environment, but also has poor thermal insulation and high energy consumption. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new building wall materials suitable for rural buildings in China. Straw, as a natural material, is one of the by-products in the process of agricultural production. There are abundant straw resources in China, which are often incinerated as agricultural garbage, and the utilization ratio is only about 5%. It has the advantage of light heat preservation, but easy to burn. Magnesium oxychloride cement is a kind of inorganic cementitious material. Its main components, magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, have huge reserves in China. Magnesium oxychloride cement has good compressive strength, flexural strength, fire resistance and adhesion, but its water resistance is poor, easy to return to halogen white, easy to deform. Magnesium oxychloride straw wall is made of magnesium oxychloride cement as cementitious material, straw as skeleton material and fiber reinforced material, adding special modified admixture, which combines the advantages of the two materials and avoids the disadvantages of single material. Is a new type of environmental protection and energy-saving materials to be developed. Based on the main control parameters such as bulk density, strength and thermal conductivity of magnesium oxychloride straw wall material, the mixture ratio of straw wall material is obtained through a large number of experiments. The mechanical and thermal properties of straw wall materials were measured under the trial mix ratio, then the mixture ratio was adjusted by the main control target performance of the material, and the optimal mixture ratio was finally obtained after repeated trial and distribution. It is found that magnesium oxychloride straw wall not only has a series of advantages, such as low bulk density, high strength, low thermal conductivity and so on, but also has high flexural strength and flexibility. At the same time, because of the protective effect of refractory magnesium oxychloride cement on straw, the burning grade of straw wall is also higher, which belongs to refractory material. Because of the above advantages, the rural straw wall material can be used as a new type of insulation and energy saving building wall material, and it is an excellent substitute for traditional clay brick. Finally, the paper compares the wall material of magnesium oxychloride straw with the existing insulation wall, and shows that the straw wall can not only eliminate the hidden danger of fire, but also have the same life as the main body structure. Further explain its feasibility and value in rural extension.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：S38;TU522

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