本文選題：水泥基 + 壓電復(fù)合材料　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料是將壓電陶瓷(PZT)按照不同的分布形式和陶瓷體積分?jǐn)?shù)分布于水泥石基體中而制備成的新型材料。由于水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料因壓電陶瓷可以被極化而具有壓電效應(yīng),使得水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料在既克服傳統(tǒng)純陶瓷材料與混凝土相容性差等缺點的同時,又保持壓電材料的優(yōu)點,從而可以用于混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的健康監(jiān)測中。研究水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的有效性能,對水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料基于性能需求的設(shè)計、優(yōu)化,以及水泥基壓電傳感器在實際工程中的應(yīng)用具有十分重要的意義。本文重點研究不同類型的水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的性能預(yù)測理論模型,通過試驗驗證模型的合理性,并進(jìn)行模型的數(shù)值討論與分析,最后提出設(shè)計優(yōu)化的建議。主要研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)根據(jù)水泥材料作為基體容易出現(xiàn)與PZT夾雜粘結(jié)界面不牢固的事實,提出了合理的壓電材料的廣義彈簧界面模型,推導(dǎo)了廣義彈簧模型參數(shù)與壓電材料界面層(相)的的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系�；趭A雜的廣義本征應(yīng)變問題,建立了細(xì)觀力學(xué)中壓電材料的修正廣義Eshelby張量,定量給出了修正廣義Eshelby張量與經(jīng)典壓電材料廣義Eshelby張量的關(guān)系。提出了兩種修正的廣義Eshelby張量的具體數(shù)值算法,并對影響修正廣義Eshelby張量的界面參數(shù)進(jìn)行了討論。 (2)基于壓電材料的修正的廣義Eshelby張量,建立了夾雜與基體為非完美界面時的三維細(xì)觀力學(xué)框架,給出修正的稀疏法、修正的Mori-Tanaka法、修正的微分法以及修正的自洽法模型的統(tǒng)一表達(dá)式,提出采用修正的細(xì)觀力學(xué)模型預(yù)測PZT與基體為非完美界面時的壓電復(fù)合材料的有效性能。通過理論預(yù)測值與文獻(xiàn)中試驗值的對比分析,初步界定了經(jīng)典細(xì)觀力學(xué)方法的適用范圍。 (3)根據(jù)以往0-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料有效性能試驗中出現(xiàn)的PZT顆粒粒徑效應(yīng)及PZT夾雜與水泥基體的掃描電鏡結(jié)果,建立了PZT與水泥基體為非完美界面時,基于PZT顆粒平均半徑的0-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料有效性能理論預(yù)測模型；與試驗進(jìn)行比較,驗證了模型的可靠性；從原理上闡釋了0-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的有效性能產(chǎn)生PZT粒徑效應(yīng)的機(jī)制,在于水泥基體與PZT顆粒之間存在非完美界面,非完美界面對復(fù)合材料有效性能的影響隨夾雜顆粒的體表比大小而變化；通過理論與試驗的對比分析,提出了0-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的優(yōu)化設(shè)計建議。 (4)基于2-2型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料為單方向上的準(zhǔn)周期性結(jié)構(gòu),采用宏細(xì)觀相結(jié)合的多尺度模型,預(yù)測壓電復(fù)合材料有效性能；試驗研究了2-2型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的有效性能,并與理論預(yù)測結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對,驗證了理論模型的可靠性。結(jié)果表明,通過調(diào)整壓電功能相的體積分?jǐn)?shù)可使2-2型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的靜水壓電應(yīng)變系數(shù)dhEff高于壓電功能相的靜水壓電應(yīng)變系數(shù)dhEff;結(jié)合理論與試驗提出了2-2型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的優(yōu)化設(shè)計建議。 (5)依據(jù)1-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料為雙方向上的準(zhǔn)周期性結(jié)構(gòu),壓電功能增強(qiáng)相的橫截面為方形(或矩形)等特點,采用以多尺度模型為基礎(chǔ)的“二次均勻法”預(yù)測了1-3型壓電復(fù)合材料的有效性能；試驗研究了1-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的有效性能,并與理論預(yù)測結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對,驗證了模型的可靠性。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)采用合適的壓電功能相的體積分?jǐn)?shù)時,可使1-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的靜水壓電應(yīng)變系數(shù)dhEff達(dá)到最優(yōu)；結(jié)合理論與試驗提出了1-3型水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料的優(yōu)化設(shè)計建議。 本研究基于但不局限于水泥基壓電智能復(fù)合材料,可進(jìn)一步拓展到更為廣義的智能復(fù)合材料(如樹脂基壓電復(fù)合材料等),為包括水泥基壓電復(fù)合材料在內(nèi)的智能復(fù)合材料的設(shè)計與工程應(yīng)用提供理論基礎(chǔ)與科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Cement based piezoelectric composite is a new type of material made of piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) distributed in different distribution forms and ceramic volume fraction in cement matrix. Due to the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric composite materials can not only overcome traditional pure ceramics because of the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics. At the same time, the miscibility of the material and concrete is poor and the advantages of the piezoelectric materials are kept, which can be used in the health monitoring of the concrete structures. The effective performance of the cement based piezoelectric composites is studied, the design of the cement based piezoelectric composite based on the performance requirements, the optimization, and the cement based piezoelectric sensors in the actual engineering. The application is of great significance. This paper focuses on the theoretical model of the performance prediction of different types of cement based piezoelectric composites. Through the test, the rationality of the model is verified, and the numerical discussion and analysis of the model are carried out. Finally, the suggestion of design optimization is put forward. The main research contents are as follows:
(1) according to the fact that the cement material is easy to appear with the bonding interface with PZT, the generalized spring interface model of the piezoelectric material is put forward, and the mathematical relation between the generalized spring model parameters and the interface layer of the piezoelectric material is deduced. Based on the generalized eigenstrain problem of the inclusion, the meso mechanical medium pressure electricity is established. The modified generalized Eshelby tensor of the material is given. The relationship between the modified generalized Eshelby tensor and the generalized Eshelby tensor of the classical piezoelectric material is given. Two modified generalized Eshelby tensor numerical algorithms are proposed, and the interface parameters affecting the modified generalized Eshelby tensor are discussed.
(2) based on the modified generalized Eshelby tensor of the piezoelectric material, a three-dimensional meso mechanical framework is established for the imperfect interface between the inclusion and the matrix, and the revised sparse method, the modified Mori-Tanaka method, the modified differential method and the revised self consistent model are given, and the modified meso mechanical model is proposed to predict the PZT and the matrix. The application range of the classical meso mechanical method is preliminarily defined by the comparison and analysis of the theoretical predicted values and the experimental values in the literature.
(3) according to the PZT particle size effect of the 0-3 cement based piezoelectric composites and the scanning electron microscope results of the cement matrix and the PZT inclusion and the cement matrix, the theoretical prediction model of the effective performance of the 0-3 cement based piezoelectric composite based on the mean radius of the PZT particles is established. The reliability of the model is verified by comparison, and the mechanism of the effective performance of the 0-3 type cement based piezoelectric composites to produce the PZT particle size effect is explained in principle, which lies in the imperfect interface between the cement matrix and the PZT particles. The effect of the imperfect interface on the effective performance of the composite varies with the size of the inclusion particles. Based on the comparison between theory and experiment, the optimum design proposal of 0-3 type cement based piezoelectric composite material is put forward.
(4) based on the quasi periodic structure of the 2-2 cement based piezoelectric composite material in the single direction, the multi scale model combined with macro meso phase is used to predict the effective performance of the piezoelectric composite. The effective performance of the 2-2 cement based piezoelectric composite is tested and compared with the theoretical prediction results, and the reliability of the theoretical model is verified. The results show that the hydrostatic strain coefficient (dhEff) of the 2-2 cement based piezoelectric composites can be higher than the hydrostatic strain coefficient dhEff of the piezoelectric functional phase by adjusting the volume fraction of the piezoelectric functional phase, and the optimal design proposal for the 2-2 cement based piezoelectric composites is proposed in combination with the theory and test.
(5) according to the quasi periodic structure of the 1-3 cement based piezoelectric composite material, the cross section of the piezoelectric function reinforced phase is square (or rectangular). The effective performance of the type 1-3 piezoelectric composite is predicted by the "two times uniform method" based on the multi-scale model, and the experimental study of the 1-3 cement based piezoelectric composite materials is conducted in the experiment. The reliability of the model is verified by comparison with the theoretical prediction results. The results show that the hydrostatic strain coefficient dhEff of the 1-3 cement based piezoelectric composite can reach the best when the volume fraction of the suitable piezoelectric function phase is used, and the 1-3 cement based piezoelectric composite material is proposed by combining theory and test. Optimize the design proposal.
Based on but not confined to cement based piezoelectric composites, this study can be further extended to a more generalized intelligent composite material (such as resin based piezoelectric composites). It provides a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the design and engineering application of intelligent composites, including cement based piezoelectric composites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU599

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