本文選題：鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) + 施工期�。� 參考：《上海交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)在施工階段實際上是一個部分完成的結(jié)構(gòu)和模板支撐系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成的“時變結(jié)構(gòu)”。經(jīng)驗表明，隨著模板支撐系統(tǒng)的撤換這種結(jié)構(gòu)很可能出現(xiàn)在整個“生命周期”中最不安全的受力狀態(tài)，，從而引發(fā)事故。為了控制這種事故的發(fā)生，自上個世紀60年代開始國內(nèi)外做了大量的研究，探索了一些便于施工安全控制的簡明的計算方法。美國學(xué)者P. Grundy和A. Kabaila提出了簡化手算結(jié)構(gòu)分析方法，此后，我國學(xué)者劉西拉教授于1985年建立了施工期結(jié)構(gòu)分析的三維有限元法——精化方法。簡化方法和精化方法是鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)施工期荷載傳遞研究中的兩個里程碑式的計算模型。 隨著現(xiàn)代施工技術(shù)的不斷提高，鋼支撐在鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)施工中逐漸取代了木支撐得到了越來越廣泛的使用。而一些實測研究表明，鋼支撐在晝夜溫差作用下熱脹冷縮對施工期結(jié)構(gòu)荷載傳遞的影響不能被忽略。 為了研究溫差對施工期鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)荷載傳遞的影響規(guī)律，本文作了如下研究工作。 首先，在結(jié)構(gòu)模型方面，本文在國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，增加考慮施工日夜環(huán)境溫差的影響，統(tǒng)一了現(xiàn)有的鋼筋混凝土框架，板柱和墻板結(jié)構(gòu)在施工期的結(jié)構(gòu)模型和分析方法，模型考慮了混凝土強度和彈性模量隨齡期增長的影響。接著本文使用二維非穩(wěn)態(tài)熱傳導(dǎo)方程建立了晝夜溫差和鋼支撐同混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)柱子之間的溫差的相互關(guān)系，并據(jù)此將溫度的影響以廣義的荷載添加到結(jié)構(gòu)中。同時，本文還在模型中考慮了鋼支撐上下木墊塊引起支撐整體抗壓剛度的影響。 其次，本文根據(jù)前面的結(jié)構(gòu)模型和溫度模型編制了相應(yīng)的“考慮溫度影響的施工過程安全分析”（Safety Analysis during Construction consideringTemperature，SACT）應(yīng)用軟件。SACT能運行于windows2000，window XP，windows7等多個操作系統(tǒng)，可使用Excel2000，Excel2003，Excel2007，Excel2010等多個版本進行數(shù)據(jù)輸入和輸出。SACT采用MFC（Microsoft FoundationClasses）應(yīng)用程序框架編寫圖形界面，能進行施工操作的逐步模擬和計算。SACT軟件在編制過程中體現(xiàn)了模型中所考慮的溫差以及鋼支撐上下木墊塊對施工期荷載傳遞的影響。通過同現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)的比較驗證了SACT計算結(jié)果的準確性和適用性。 此外，文章還討論了溫差大小對施工期荷載傳遞的影響，揭示了不同晝夜溫差影響下的鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)施工期荷載傳遞規(guī)律，并建議了臨界溫差值，當(dāng)晝夜溫差大與臨界溫差時，溫差對荷載傳遞的影響不應(yīng)被忽略。 最后，本論文還分析討論了在溫度影響下施工周期，鋼支撐層數(shù)以及支撐剛度（木墊塊厚度）對施工期混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)荷載傳遞的影響，分析并得出了一些相關(guān)規(guī)律，提出了提高施工安全性的一些改進措施。這些結(jié)論對現(xiàn)場施工人員有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The reinforced concrete structure is actually a "time-varying structure" composed of partially completed structure and formwork support system in the construction stage. Experience shows that with the removal of the formwork support system, the structure is likely to appear in the most unsafe stress state throughout the "life cycle", thus causing accidents. In order to control the occurrence of this kind of accident, a lot of research has been done at home and abroad since the 1960s, and some simple calculation methods which are convenient for construction safety control have been explored. American scholars P.Grundy and A. Kabaila proposed a simplified manual structural analysis method. After that, Professor Liu Sila, a Chinese scholar, established a three-dimensional finite element method-refined method for structural analysis during construction period in 1985. Simplified method and refined method are two milestone calculation models in the research of load transfer of reinforced concrete structure during construction period. With the development of modern construction technology, steel braces have been used more and more widely in the construction of reinforced concrete structures. Some experimental studies show that the influence of thermal expansion and contraction of steel braces on the load transfer during construction period can not be ignored under the effect of diurnal temperature difference. In order to study the effect of temperature difference on load transfer of reinforced concrete structure during construction period, the following research work has been done in this paper. First of all, in the structural model, based on the relevant research at home and abroad, this paper adds consideration to the effect of temperature difference in the environment of construction day and night, unifying the existing reinforced concrete frame. The structural model and analysis method of slab-column and wallboard structure during the construction period. The influence of concrete strength and elastic modulus with age is considered in the model. Then the relationship between the diurnal temperature difference and the temperature difference between steel braces and concrete columns is established by using the two-dimensional unsteady heat conduction equation and the influence of temperature is added to the structure by generalized load. At the same time, the influence of steel bracing upper and lower wood cushion on the overall compressive stiffness of the bracing is also considered in the model. Secondly, according to the previous structural model and temperature model, the corresponding application software of Safety Analysis during Construction considering temperature (SACT). SACT can run on Windows 2000 window XP windows 7 and other operating systems. We can use Excel 2003 / Excel 2007 / Excel 2010 to input and output data. SACT uses MFC (Microsoft Foundation classes) application framework to write graphical interface. The software SACT can simulate and calculate the construction operation step by step. The influence of the temperature difference considered in the model and the upper and lower wood cushions of steel braces on the load transfer during the construction period is embodied in the software of SACT. The accuracy and applicability of SACT calculation results are verified by comparison with field measured data. In addition, the influence of temperature difference on load transfer during construction is discussed, and the law of load transfer of reinforced concrete structure under different temperature difference between day and night is revealed, and the critical temperature difference is suggested. When the temperature difference between day and night is large and critical temperature difference, the influence of temperature difference on load transfer should not be ignored. Finally, under the influence of temperature, the influence of the construction period, the number of steel bracing layers and the support stiffness (the thickness of wood cushion) on the load transfer of concrete structure during construction period is analyzed and discussed, and some relevant laws are obtained. Some measures to improve the safety of construction are put forward. These conclusions have certain reference significance to the field construction personnel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU755

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