本文選題：川渝地區(qū) + 農(nóng)村　； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷是社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等多方面因素共同作用下的結(jié)果。近年來，隨著我國新型城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn)，農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會和文化建設(shè)快速發(fā)展，農(nóng)村家庭結(jié)構(gòu)、規(guī)模及關(guān)系等發(fā)生重大變革，由此而引致的農(nóng)村家庭留守兒童現(xiàn)象、空巢老人現(xiàn)象等已成為影響我國農(nóng)村地區(qū)社會和諧建設(shè)的重要問題。川渝農(nóng)村作為傳統(tǒng)上聚居文化富集、聚居歷史悠久、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)水平較為落后的地區(qū)，地域社會受城鎮(zhèn)化沖擊更為強(qiáng)烈，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變遷演化而來的問題也顯得越發(fā)嚴(yán)峻。 以此為導(dǎo)向，采用文獻(xiàn)查閱、田野調(diào)查、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計等方法，凝練家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變遷下農(nóng)村住區(qū)規(guī)劃和設(shè)計的基本科技問題，建立“發(fā)現(xiàn)問題→實證研究→策略探索”的整體技術(shù)路線，展開研究，形成三個方面的主要研究內(nèi)容。 研究分析了川渝農(nóng)村家庭結(jié)構(gòu)及住區(qū)變遷發(fā)展的基本事實，提出兩點結(jié)論。一方面，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)隨社會發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)規(guī)模小型化、構(gòu)成簡單化、關(guān)系平等化等特點，并產(chǎn)生了家庭功能不斷社會化的影響與發(fā)展趨勢。另一方面，川渝農(nóng)村的住區(qū)建設(shè)呈現(xiàn)建設(shè)用地規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大、住區(qū)形態(tài)布局離散化、空間結(jié)構(gòu)均等化和空間功能多樣化的特點。研究也初步表明，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷是住區(qū)空間與形態(tài)變遷的主要原因之一，，而住區(qū)形態(tài)在一定程度上也會影響家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展。 對5個川渝農(nóng)村典型住區(qū)的調(diào)研事實也表明，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變遷與住區(qū)空間建設(shè)之間的相關(guān)性規(guī)律，即家庭社會化的功能必然由相應(yīng)的住區(qū)功能進(jìn)行承接。并且在這一規(guī)律的作用下，當(dāng)前川渝農(nóng)村家庭結(jié)構(gòu)與住區(qū)建設(shè)存在三大典型問題：空巢老人養(yǎng)老問題、留守兒童教育問題及家庭安全保護(hù)問題。 在此基礎(chǔ)上，針對川渝農(nóng)村家庭結(jié)構(gòu)與住區(qū)建設(shè)的典型問題，提出了農(nóng)村住區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計的優(yōu)化策略，有3個部分。①建立農(nóng)村住區(qū)養(yǎng)老體系物質(zhì)形態(tài)空間。通過完善農(nóng)村住區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)設(shè)施、構(gòu)建適宜老年人活動的場地環(huán)境及設(shè)計滿足老年人使用需求的單體住宅方面，優(yōu)化農(nóng)村住區(qū)養(yǎng)老體系物質(zhì)形態(tài)。②建設(shè)兒童成長家園。通過完善農(nóng)村住區(qū)兒童教育服務(wù)設(shè)施、優(yōu)化補(bǔ)充農(nóng)村住區(qū)兒童活動場地及設(shè)計便于兒童社會化的住宅單體三方面，優(yōu)化農(nóng)村住區(qū)兒童成長家園。③建設(shè)住區(qū)安全可防衛(wèi)生活環(huán)境。通過完善農(nóng)村住區(qū)治安保護(hù)服務(wù)設(shè)施、構(gòu)建農(nóng)村住區(qū)安全可防衛(wèi)空間環(huán)境及設(shè)計滿足安全防衛(wèi)需求的住宅單體三個方面，優(yōu)化農(nóng)村住區(qū)安全可防衛(wèi)生活環(huán)境。 國家新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)戰(zhàn)略，為推進(jìn)以人為核心研究住區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計問題提出了更高的要求和新的學(xué)術(shù)課題。川渝農(nóng)村家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變遷下的住區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計研究，運用城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃和設(shè)計的基本原理與實踐方法，在與家庭結(jié)構(gòu)等社會學(xué)研究的相關(guān)領(lǐng)域展開探索，形成了一些學(xué)術(shù)判斷，有一定的特殊性，也希望對解決快速發(fā)展的川渝農(nóng)村住區(qū)建設(shè)中的一些問題有所幫助。
[Abstract]:The change of family structure is the result of social, economic and cultural factors. In recent years, with the advancement of new urbanization in China, the rapid development of rural economy, society and culture, the great changes in rural family structure, scale and relationship have resulted in the phenomenon of left-behind children in rural families. The phenomenon of empty nest elderly has become an important problem affecting the construction of social harmony in rural areas of China. The rural areas of Sichuan and Chongqing, which have a long history and backward social and economic level, are more strongly impacted by urbanization, and the problems arising from the evolution of family structure are becoming more and more serious. Guided by this, the basic scientific and technological problems in the planning and design of rural residential areas under the change of family structure are condensed by the methods of literature review, field investigation, mathematical statistics and so on. This paper sets up the whole technical route of "finding problems and exploring the strategies of empirical research", carries out the research, and forms the main research contents in three aspects. This paper analyzes the basic facts of the changes and development of rural family structure and residential areas in Sichuan and Chongqing, and puts forward two conclusions. On the one hand, the family structure has the characteristics of miniaturization, simplification and equal relationship with the development of the society, and has produced the influence and development trend of the socialization of the family function. On the other hand, the construction of rural settlements in Sichuan and Chongqing shows the characteristics of expanding the scale of construction land, discretization of residential area configuration, equalization of spatial structure and diversification of spatial functions. The study also shows that the change of family structure is one of the main reasons for the change of residential space and form, and the shape of residential area will affect the development of family structure to a certain extent. The investigation of five typical rural settlements in Sichuan and Chongqing also shows that the correlation law between family structure change and residential space construction, that is, the function of family socialization must be carried on by the corresponding residential area function. And under the action of this law, there are three typical problems in the rural family structure and residential construction in Sichuan and Chongqing at present: the old-age problem of empty nest, the education of left-behind children and the protection of family safety. On this basis, aiming at the typical problems of rural family structure and residential building in Sichuan and Chongqing, the optimization strategy of planning and design of rural residential area is put forward. There are three parts .1 to establish the material form space of pension system in rural residential area. Through perfecting the old-age service facilities in rural residential areas, constructing the site environment suitable for the activities of the elderly and designing individual houses to meet the needs of the elderly, the material form .2 of the old-age care system in the rural residential areas is optimized to build the children's growing homes. By perfecting the service facilities for children's education in rural residential areas, optimizing and supplementing the children's activities in rural settlements and designing housing units that are convenient for children's socialization, To optimize children's growing homes in rural areas and build a safe and defensible living environment in residential areas. Through perfecting the security service facilities of rural residential area, constructing the secure and defensible space environment of rural residential area and designing the residential unit to meet the demand of security defense, this paper optimizes the safe and defensible living environment of rural residential area. The new urbanization strategy of our country puts forward higher requirements and new academic topics for the research of residential district planning and design with people as the core. Based on the basic principles and practical methods of urban and rural planning and design, the study of residential district planning and design under the changes of rural family structure in Sichuan and Chongqing has been carried out in the relevant fields of sociological research, such as family structure, and some academic judgments have been formed. It also hopes to solve some problems in the rapid development of Sichuan and Chongqing rural settlements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU982.29

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