本文選題：碗扣式腳手架 + 試驗(yàn)��； 參考：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在最近幾年的飛速增長(zhǎng),各種各樣的立交橋、地鐵及建筑也得到了很好的建設(shè),碗扣式腳手架在這些建筑中得到了廣泛的使用。與此同時(shí),近年來(lái),施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)常見(jiàn)的支架受力復(fù)雜、搭設(shè)不合理、構(gòu)件的初始缺陷及荷載偏心等不利因素,使得腳手架事故時(shí)有發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致人員死亡及經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。因此對(duì)于支架缺陷的分析研究、支架整個(gè)傳力過(guò)程和整個(gè)體系的關(guān)鍵受力點(diǎn)的研究以及有關(guān)支架有效完整的監(jiān)控方法是被大量的使用人員所迫切需要的。本文以安徽某地鐵項(xiàng)目為基礎(chǔ),在實(shí)驗(yàn)室對(duì)碗扣式模板支架承載力進(jìn)行了相關(guān)試驗(yàn),探究了碗扣式鋼管支架在承受豎向荷載時(shí),支架中立桿和橫桿應(yīng)力變化、支架體系從上到下的傳遞方式和相關(guān)規(guī)律、節(jié)點(diǎn)連接及受力性質(zhì),獲得了支架受力最大的桿件,為以后設(shè)計(jì)及施工搭設(shè)提供參考價(jià)值。另外,本文還通過(guò)有限元分析軟件ANSYS針對(duì)試驗(yàn)支架建立合理的有限元模型,本次模型節(jié)點(diǎn)采用鉸接方式,模型按1:1比例建模,主要進(jìn)行了線性及非線性屈曲分析,然后將試驗(yàn)分析結(jié)果與有限元ANSYS分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,從而更好的印證了支架桿件傳遞規(guī)律及節(jié)點(diǎn)連接受力性質(zhì)等結(jié)論。同時(shí),本文對(duì)安徽某軌道交通車站主體結(jié)構(gòu)地下一層頂板以及側(cè)墻混凝土澆筑過(guò)程中的腳手架部分桿件內(nèi)力進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),并運(yùn)用ANSYS建立實(shí)際工程模型,該模型主要承受頂板混凝土澆筑時(shí)的豎向荷載作用以及在側(cè)墻混凝土澆筑時(shí)的水平荷載作用。在建立頂板混凝土澆筑時(shí)的豎向荷載作用的模型時(shí),主要分析了支撐體系的桿件及節(jié)點(diǎn)的受力情況,找到結(jié)構(gòu)的薄弱點(diǎn),并與上面腳手架試驗(yàn)及ANSYS模擬分析結(jié)果對(duì)比,從而進(jìn)一步印證了支架桿件傳遞規(guī)律及節(jié)點(diǎn)連接受力性質(zhì)等結(jié)論;在建立側(cè)墻混凝土澆筑的水平荷載作用的模型時(shí),主要研究分析了其混凝土澆筑速度、水平剪刀撐、垂直剪刀撐及模型采用剛接和鉸接等因素對(duì)支架承載力的影響情況。最后以上面4×4跨碗扣式滿堂腳手架支撐體系加載試驗(yàn)以及安徽某軌道交通車站施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用的鋼管腳手架為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)檢查了試驗(yàn)室以及施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)腳手架的相關(guān)規(guī)格及搭設(shè)狀況,發(fā)現(xiàn)腳手架存在外徑不達(dá)標(biāo)、壁厚不足、鋼管彎曲及搭設(shè)不合格等問(wèn)題,對(duì)試驗(yàn)室中碗扣式滿堂支撐體系在理想情況下以及鋼管缺陷、施工不合理及荷載偏心等缺陷情況下進(jìn)行了桿件的強(qiáng)度、剛度和穩(wěn)定性的計(jì)算,通過(guò)對(duì)比計(jì)算得出:支架的施工不合理、鋼管缺陷及荷載偏心等缺陷對(duì)支架承載力有很大的不利影響。并針對(duì)這些缺陷或不足提出了選取材料及施工搭設(shè)過(guò)程的安全控制建議以及支撐體系計(jì)算優(yōu)化建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of China's economy in recent years, various overpasses, subways and buildings have been well built, and bowl-buttoned scaffolding has been widely used in these buildings. At the same time, in recent years, the common unfavorable factors, such as complex force, unreasonable erection, initial defects and eccentric load, make scaffolding accidents occur frequently, resulting in death of personnel and loss of economic property. Therefore, for the analysis and research of the scaffold defects, the research of the whole load transfer process and the key force points of the whole system, and the effective and complete monitoring method of the support are urgently needed by a large number of users. Based on a subway project in Anhui province, the bearing capacity of bowl-buttoned formwork support was tested in laboratory, and the stress changes of stand bar and crossbar of bowl buttoned steel pipe support under vertical load were investigated. From top to bottom, the transfer mode and related law of support system, the connection of joints and the properties of bearing force are obtained, which provides the reference value for the design and construction of the braces with the greatest force. In addition, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish a reasonable finite element model for the test support. The joint of the model is hinged and the model is modeled according to the 1:1 scale. The linear and nonlinear buckling analysis is mainly carried out. Then, the experimental results are compared with the finite element ANSYS analysis results, which better confirm the support member transfer law and joint connection force properties and other conclusions. At the same time, this paper monitors the internal force of the scaffold in the concrete pouring process of the underground first floor and side wall of the main structure of a rail transit station in Anhui Province, and establishes the actual engineering model by using ANSYS. The model mainly bears the vertical load when the roof concrete is pouring and the horizontal load when the side wall concrete is pouring. In establishing the vertical load model of roof concrete, the stress of the members and joints of the bracing system is analyzed, the weakness of the structure is found, and the results are compared with the results of the upper scaffold test and ANSYS simulation analysis. In order to further confirm the support member transfer law and joint connection mechanical properties and other conclusions, in the establishment of lateral wall concrete pouring model of horizontal load, the main analysis of its concrete pouring speed, horizontal scissors brace, The influence of vertical shear brace and rigid joint and hinge joint on the bearing capacity of the support. Finally, on the basis of the loading test of the above 4 脳 4 span bowl-fastened scaffold support system and the steel tube scaffolding used in the construction site of a rail transit station in Anhui Province, By checking the relevant specifications and erection conditions of the scaffolding in the laboratory and the construction site, it is found that the scaffold has some problems such as the outside diameter is not up to the standard, the wall thickness is insufficient, the steel tube is bent and the erection is not up to standard, and so on. In this paper, the strength, stiffness and stability of the bar are calculated under ideal conditions and defects such as steel pipe defects, unreasonable construction and load eccentricity. Through comparison and calculation, it is concluded that the construction of the support is unreasonable, the defects of steel pipe and load eccentricity have a great adverse effect on the bearing capacity of the support. Aiming at these defects, the paper puts forward the safety control suggestion of selecting material and construction erection process and the suggestion of calculation and optimization of support system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TU731.2;TU311

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