本文選題：住宅小區(qū) + 火災(zāi)風(fēng)險��； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：隨著我國城市化水平的快速提高,城市人口激增致使城市建筑高度和密度都大幅增加。作為吸納住戶的“生力軍”,居民住宅小區(qū)大量涌現(xiàn),隨之而來地就是居民住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)比重逐年上升,潛在火災(zāi)危險源突出,火災(zāi)風(fēng)險日益加大。加上住宅小區(qū)人口眾多,一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi),相關(guān)的消防管理、應(yīng)急救援不當(dāng),后果將不堪設(shè)想。因此怎樣對住宅小區(qū)進行科學(xué)、合理的火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估,為火災(zāi)的預(yù)防與控制提供有效的依據(jù),對這個問題的探討是一個有意義的方向。 本文在對大量住宅小區(qū)進行充分調(diào)查與分析的基礎(chǔ)上,尋找住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險源,建立火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估指標體系。采用科學(xué)的方法確定各指標的權(quán)重,最終構(gòu)建起火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對住宅小區(qū)進行量化評估,得出消防安全評估結(jié)論。從而根據(jù)住宅小區(qū)的特點提出科學(xué)、合理、可行的控制對策。本文的研究內(nèi)容與研究成果如下： (1)闡述相關(guān)概念及分析火災(zāi)危險性。闡述住宅小區(qū)、火災(zāi)以及火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估等相關(guān)概念。在對住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)發(fā)展過程的描述以及對住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)危險源的辨識的基礎(chǔ)上對住宅小區(qū)的火災(zāi)危險性進行了全面的分析。 (2)建立住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估指標體系。通過對住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估指標體系的因素分析,構(gòu)建指標體系的層次結(jié)構(gòu),最后通過“熵模型”對指標權(quán)重加以量化。 (3)構(gòu)建住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估模型,并進行實例分析。在住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險評估指標體系的基礎(chǔ)上,建立風(fēng)險評估“灰色關(guān)聯(lián)法”的數(shù)學(xué)模型。同時,以長沙市碧桂園WNS城高層住宅小區(qū)調(diào)研和分析所獲的數(shù)據(jù)和資料為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合本文所構(gòu)建的指標及模型進行實例演算與分析,從而驗證本文提出的風(fēng)險評估方法的可行性與合理性。 (4)通過管理的創(chuàng)新,完善住宅小區(qū)火災(zāi)風(fēng)險的控制對策。通過從制度、監(jiān)督模式、加強中介機構(gòu)的參與性等不同角度來補充對策的完整性,最終為住宅小區(qū)的消防安全管理提供參考和依據(jù)。圖5幅,表15個,參考文獻63篇。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: with the rapid development of urbanization in China, the urban building height and density have increased greatly due to the rapid increase of urban population. As a "fresh army" to absorb the residents, the residential areas emerge in large numbers, followed by the increasing proportion of fire in residential areas, the potential fire hazard is prominent, and the fire risk is increasing day by day. In addition, the residential area population, once the fire, related fire management, emergency rescue improper, the consequences will be unthinkable. So how to carry on the scientific and reasonable fire risk assessment to the residential district, to provide the effective basis for the fire prevention and control, the discussion to this question is a meaningful direction. Based on the investigation and analysis of a large number of residential areas, this paper finds out the fire risk sources and establishes the fire risk assessment index system. The weight of each index is determined by scientific method. Finally, the mathematical model of fire risk assessment is constructed, and the quantitative evaluation of residential district is carried out, and the conclusion of fire safety assessment is obtained. According to the characteristics of residential district, scientific, reasonable and feasible control countermeasures are put forward. The contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1) related concepts and fire hazard analysis. The related concepts of residential district, fire and fire risk assessment are expounded. Based on the description of the fire development process and the identification of the fire hazard sources in the residential area, the fire hazard of the residential district is comprehensively analyzed. (2) the evaluation index system of the fire risk in the residential district is established. Based on the factor analysis of fire risk assessment index system in residential area, the hierarchical structure of the index system is constructed. Finally, the index weight is quantified by "entropy model". A case study was carried out. Based on the index system of fire risk assessment in residential area, a mathematical model of "grey correlation method" for risk assessment is established. At the same time, on the basis of the data and data obtained from the investigation and analysis of the WNS high-rise residential district in Changsha, combining the indexes and models constructed in this paper, the examples are calculated and analyzed. Therefore, the feasibility and rationality of the risk assessment method proposed in this paper are verified. 4) through the innovation of management, the measures to control the fire risk in residential district are improved. Through the system, supervision model, strengthen the participation of intermediary organizations and other different angles to supplement the integrity of the countermeasures, and ultimately provide a reference and basis for the residential district fire safety management. There are 5 figures, 15 tables and 63 references.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU998.1

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