本文選題：川藏茶馬古道 + 古道景觀��； 參考：《四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：古道作為一種功能性主導(dǎo)的線性文化景觀,是中國(guó)發(fā)展歷史上的見(jiàn)證者和參與者,并且沉淀與積蓄歷史人文、景觀生態(tài)等多方面的豐富內(nèi)涵。川藏茶馬古道是茶馬文化主要的承載者。在歷史漫漫的長(zhǎng)河之中,它作為連接漢藏以及多民族之間的互通貿(mào)易、文化交流的重要通道一直是中國(guó)古道系統(tǒng)中重要一脈。隨著我國(guó)物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)工作的進(jìn)行,以及文化線路熱的興起。茶馬古道在經(jīng)歷歲月的洗禮之后慢慢向我們揭開(kāi)其神秘的面紗。而雅安自秦漢時(shí)期作為四川茶馬文化中心區(qū)域以及川藏聯(lián)接線索上的重要節(jié)點(diǎn)更具有突出的綜合價(jià)值。但是由于由于線性遺產(chǎn)的相關(guān)涉及的復(fù)雜度再加上我國(guó)古道保護(hù)工作的不夠完善,使得茶馬古道在一時(shí)的熱切關(guān)注之后又慢慢冷卻,以至于現(xiàn)在古道沿線珍貴的遺存再一次淹沒(méi)在幽幽的時(shí)空之中。在此背景之下,本文通過(guò)對(duì)川藏茶馬古道得景觀資源進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)研與相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)查閱,同時(shí)從景觀學(xué)的角度出發(fā),分析古道資源的景觀組成,形態(tài)及特色等；在此基礎(chǔ)上討論古道景觀的價(jià)值構(gòu)成,構(gòu)建出適宜的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系；明確了保護(hù)的側(cè)重點(diǎn),從而提出先關(guān)保護(hù)發(fā)展策略。本文的研究成果有以下：探尋川藏茶馬古道的歷史發(fā)展,追溯其本源,勾畫(huà)出了雅安境內(nèi)古道的具體情況具體的歷史脈絡(luò),并且將其發(fā)展歷程總結(jié)概括為四個(gè)時(shí)期分別是：萌芽時(shí)期、發(fā)展時(shí)期、成熟時(shí)期、衰落時(shí)期。梳理出雅安境內(nèi)“大小”兩路古道走向,在其基礎(chǔ)上找到現(xiàn)存重要遺址并標(biāo)注。以古道景觀的內(nèi)涵為主線,依據(jù)文化線路的要素,基于雅安境內(nèi)古道景觀實(shí)例調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,將茶馬古道景觀資源要素分為：自然環(huán)境層次、古道本體層次、附屬設(shè)施層次以及無(wú)形文化遺產(chǎn)層次。并且得出出茶馬古道雅安段具有“深遠(yuǎn)悠久,豐滿濃厚”的歷史背景；“自然內(nèi)斂,清淡質(zhì)樸”的景觀之美；“民族璀璨,茶韻流香”的文化內(nèi)涵三大景觀特征。根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)調(diào)研以及運(yùn)用道路美學(xué)的審美要素,思考現(xiàn)存古道遺址的美學(xué)表現(xiàn)。對(duì)雅安境內(nèi)古道遺存進(jìn)行形態(tài)、空間、序列及色彩等方面的美學(xué)剖析。發(fā)現(xiàn)古道以是直曲折為主要形態(tài),相互穿插得到豐富的景觀體驗(yàn)。在色彩上古道景觀呈現(xiàn)出暖灰色系,整體風(fēng)格恬淡清逸；整體體現(xiàn)出粗獷樸拙的質(zhì)感�？臻g尺度豐富協(xié)調(diào),有曠奧開(kāi)闊的自然空間,以及緊湊有序的驛站街區(qū)空間。整個(gè)線路水平層次飽滿,垂直序列構(gòu)成完整,構(gòu)成有力的序列敘事感。從古道景觀資源單點(diǎn)評(píng)價(jià)入手。運(yùn)用層次分析法結(jié)合保存程度、歷史價(jià)值、文化價(jià)值、美學(xué)價(jià)值、實(shí)用價(jià)值五項(xiàng)指標(biāo)出發(fā)確定古道景觀資源綜合價(jià)值,發(fā)現(xiàn)雅安茶馬古道具有在歷史文化背景、自然與遺產(chǎn)資源的優(yōu)勢(shì)；保護(hù)力度不足以及發(fā)展單一無(wú)特色的現(xiàn)狀問(wèn)題。最后針對(duì)問(wèn)題,以保護(hù)原則為指導(dǎo),提出以及“點(diǎn)、線、面”的保護(hù)模式為主導(dǎo),推行線型旅游模式并行,差異化的加強(qiáng)與形象提升三大具體措施。
[Abstract]:The ancient road, as a functional dominant linear cultural landscape, is the witness and participant in the history of China's development and the rich connotation of the accumulation of historical humanities and landscape ecology. The Sichuan Tibet tea horse ancient road is the main carrier of the tea horse culture. In the long and long river of history, it serves as a connection between the Han and Tibetan people and the multi ethnic group. The important channel of cultural exchange has always been an important channel in the Chinese ancient road system. With the progress of China's material cultural heritage and the rise of cultural lines, the tea horse road gradually unveiled its mysterious veil to us after the baptism of the years, and Ya'an is a Sichuan tea horse culture from the Qin and Han Dynasties. The central area and the important nodes on the connection clues of Sichuan and Tibet have more outstanding comprehensive value. However, due to the complexity of the correlation of the linear heritage and the inadequate protection of the ancient road in China, the tea horse ancient road is slowly cold after the instant hot attention, so that the precious remains along the ancient road are now preserved. Under this background, this paper makes a field survey and literature review on the landscape resources of the ancient Sichuan and Tibetan tea horse road. At the same time, from the perspective of landscape, the landscape composition, form and characteristics of the ancient road resources are analyzed. On this basis, the value composition of the ancient road landscape is discussed. The evaluation index system should be defined, the focus of protection is clear, and the development strategy of first customs protection is put forward. The research results of this paper are as follows: exploring the historical development of the ancient road in Sichuan and Tibet tea horse road, tracing back its origin, sketching out specific historical context of the concrete conditions of the ancient road in Ya'an, and summarizing its development course to four periods. They are: the germination period, the development period, the mature period and the decline period. To comb out the "size" ancient road in Ya'an, and to find the important existing sites on the basis of the ancient road landscape connotation as the main line, based on the elements of cultural lines, based on the investigation of the ancient road landscape in Ya'an, the ancient road of the tea horse road. The elements of landscape resources are divided into the natural environment level, the ancient road ontology level, the attached facilities level and the intangible cultural heritage level. And the Ya'an section of the tea horse ancient road has the historical background of "profound long, full and thick", the beauty of "natural and simple and simple", and the culture of "the bright nation and the tea rhyme". Culvert three major landscape features. Based on the basic investigation and the aesthetic elements of road aesthetics, the aesthetic manifestations of the existing ancient road sites are considered. The aesthetic analysis of the remains of ancient road in Ya'an is analyzed in terms of shape, space, sequence and color. The landscape of the upper ancient road shows a warm grey system, the whole style is tranquil and easy, the whole body embodies the rough and simple texture. The space scale is rich and coordinated, the open space is open, and the compact and orderly post station block space. The whole line is full of horizontal levels, the vertical sequence is complete, and the powerful sequence narration is formed. From the ancient landscape landscape. Starting with the single point evaluation of resources, the comprehensive value of ancient road landscape resources is determined by five indexes of preservation degree, historical value, cultural value, aesthetic value and practical value by using the analytic hierarchy process. It is found that the Ya'an tea horse road has the advantages of historical and cultural background, natural and heritage resources, inadequate protection and unitary development. At last, with the guidance of the protection principle, the protection mode of "point, line and surface" is the leading role in the problem. Three specific measures are carried out to promote the parallel mode of linear tourism, the enhancement of differentiation and the promotion of image.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.18

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