本文選題：形狀記憶合金 + 阻尼器�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為一種新型智能才材料,形狀記憶合金(Shape Memory Alloy) 一直受到學(xué)者們的青睞。它具有極為神奇的形狀記憶效應(yīng)和超彈性性能。除此之外它還具有良好的抗腐蝕性和抗磨損性。這些優(yōu)異的條件令它的適用范圍極廣,包含航空航天、土木建筑、醫(yī)療器械、電子元件等諸多領(lǐng)域。本課題以設(shè)計(jì)一種新型的減震耗能效果較好的阻尼器為目的。首先應(yīng)用試驗(yàn)研究的方法對(duì)形狀記憶合金的力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。通過(guò)形狀記憶合金絲的熱處理試驗(yàn),分析了熱處理溫度和熱處理時(shí)間對(duì)其性能的影響,得出合理的熱處理溫度和時(shí)間。之后通過(guò)對(duì)形狀記憶合金絲的循環(huán)加卸載試驗(yàn),研究了循環(huán)加載次數(shù)、加載速率、應(yīng)變幅值等工況對(duì)形狀記憶合金絲的力學(xué)性能的影響。其中力學(xué)性能包括殘余應(yīng)變、相變應(yīng)力、單圈耗能、等效阻尼比等。其次以現(xiàn)存形狀記憶合金本構(gòu)理論為基礎(chǔ),研究形狀記憶合金的宏觀力學(xué)特性,對(duì)形狀記憶合金的熱力學(xué)行為進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,將數(shù)值模擬所得到的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系曲線與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,兩者吻合度較高。然后設(shè)計(jì)并制作了一種易于加工、節(jié)省空間、適用性強(qiáng)的新型復(fù)合形狀記憶合金阻尼器,并通過(guò)試驗(yàn)研究了形狀記憶合金絲數(shù)量、加載速率、加載行程等因素對(duì)阻尼器的耗能效果的影響。然后建立了有無(wú)阻尼器的兩種框架結(jié)構(gòu)的有限元模型,并輸入EL Centro地震波,通過(guò)對(duì)層間位移、速度、加速度變化的分析,研究阻尼器的抗震效果,并通過(guò)輸入多遇地震波和罕遇地震波兩種地震波研究了阻尼器的適用范圍。
[Abstract]:As a new intelligent material, shape Memory alloy has been favored by scholars. It has extremely magical shape memory effect and hyperelastic performance. In addition, it also has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance. These excellent conditions make it applicable to a wide range of fields, including aerospace, civil engineering, medical devices, electronic components and so on. The purpose of this paper is to design a new damper with better energy dissipation effect. Firstly, the mechanical properties of shape memory alloy are analyzed in detail by means of experimental study. Through the heat treatment test of shape memory alloy wire, the influence of heat treatment temperature and heat treatment time on its properties was analyzed, and the reasonable heat treatment temperature and time were obtained. Then, the effects of cyclic loading times, loading rate and strain amplitude on the mechanical properties of shape memory alloy wires were studied by cyclic loading and unloading tests. The mechanical properties include residual strain, phase transition stress, single loop energy dissipation, equivalent damping ratio and so on. Secondly, based on the existing constitutive theory of shape memory alloy, the macroscopic mechanical properties of shape memory alloy are studied, and the thermodynamic behavior of shape memory alloy is numerically simulated. The stress-strain curves obtained by numerical simulation are compared with the experimental results. Then a new type of composite shape memory alloy damper is designed and fabricated, which is easy to process, saves space and has strong applicability. The number and loading rate of shape memory alloy wire are studied by experiments. The effect of loading stroke and other factors on the energy dissipation of the damper. Then, the finite element model of two frame structures with or without dampers is established, and El Centro seismic waves are input. The seismic effect of the dampers is studied by analyzing the changes of interstory displacement, velocity and acceleration. The suitable range of dampers is studied by input frequent and rare seismic waves.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU352.1

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